Category catalog

Air Defense Weapon Systems

Systems that contest aircraft, missiles, helicopters, and drones.

This category covers short-, medium-, and long-range systems used to contest aircraft, missiles, helicopters, and drones.

The catalog includes both large networked air defense systems and portable weapons, allowing comparisons across range, guidance, and platform type.

198 weapon systems

Category

Air Defense

Systems that contest aircraft, missiles, helicopters, and drones.

150/198
LANZA radar family, 3D air-surveillance and air-defense radar family, Air DefenseLANZA radar family3D air-surveillance and air-defense radar familySide: UnknownBuilt: Indra / SpainThe LANZA radar family is Indra's Spanish L-band 3D air-surveillance and air-defense radar line, built around modular solid-state hardware and software-configurable operating modes. The family spans fixed long-range LRR sites, deployable LTR-25 radars, medium-range LTR-20 coverage, dual-use 3D PSR air-traffic-control radars, and LANZA N naval installations, with public Indra material tying newer LANZA radars to Spain's NATINAMDS-linked air-surveillance network and NATO deployable radar coverage.
ZPU-4 anti-aircraft gun, 14.5 mm quadruple towed anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense1955 Vietnam War, 1990 Gulf War +5 moreZPU-4 anti-aircraft gun14.5 mm quadruple towed anti-aircraft gunSide: North Vietnam and Viet CongIraqIraqi government and security forcesGaddafi government forcesNational Transitional Council and rebel forcesSPLM-N and allied rebelsSyrian government and alliesSyrian Democratic Forces and coalition partnersYemeni government and Saudi-led coalition forcesBuilt: V. A. Degtyarev Plant (ZiD) / Various manufacturers / Soviet Union / Russia / China / Romania / North KoreaThe ZPU-4 is a Soviet quadruple 14.5 mm anti-aircraft gun built around four KPV/KPVT heavy machine guns on a four-wheel carriage. Museum, monitoring, and open-source records connect the Cold War gun to Vietnam War helicopter defense, Iraqi air defense, Libyan and Syrian pickup-mounted fire support, SPLA-N-held anti-aircraft positions in Sudan, and anti-Houthi Giants Brigades forces in Yemen.
20mm Hispano-Suiza HS.820, 20 mm autocannon, Air Defense20mm Hispano-Suiza HS.82020 mm autocannonSide: UnknownBuilt: Hispano-Suiza / Oerlikon Contraves / SwitzerlandThe 20mm Hispano-Suiza HS.820 is a Swiss 20x139mm autocannon developed by Hispano-Suiza and later sold as the Oerlikon KAD after the armaments line moved to Oerlikon-Contraves. Sources document the family through anti-aircraft mounts, 20x139mm ammunition, and the U.S. M139 designation carried by the M114A2 reconnaissance carrier, but this entry stays relationship-only until exact conflict-use sourcing for the cannon is stronger.
2A14 23 mm cannon, 23 mm gas-operated autocannon, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict +4 more2A14 23 mm cannon23 mm gas-operated autocannonSide: UkraineArmenia / ArtsakhSPLM-N and allied rebelsTigray forcesHouthi-aligned forcesRebel and jihadist armed groupsBuilt: KBP Instrument Design Bureau / Tulamashzavod / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 2A14 is the air-cooled 23 x 152B mm autocannon at the core of ZU-23 and ZU-23-2 short-range air-defense guns, with a quick-change barrel and a belt-feed layout that can be arranged from either side. Public conflict evidence most often documents it through the mounts that carry it: ZU-23-2 guns in Ukrainian service, SPLA-N air-defense fire in South Kordofan, Armenian and Artsakh losses in Nagorno-Karabakh, Houthi firing around Hudaydah, Tigray Defence Forces heavy weapons, and 2A14-pattern or ZU-23-2-pattern weapons with rebel forces in northern Mali.
Mesbah 1, 23 mm short-range air-defense gun system, Air DefenseMesbah 123 mm short-range air-defense gun systemSide: UnknownBuilt: Defense Industries Organization / IranMesbah 1 is an Iranian short-range air-defense gun system publicly unveiled in May 2010 and built around an eight-barrel 23 mm gun package with radar and optical fire-control support. Official and defense-industry sources describe it as a point-defense system for low-altitude aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, UAVs, and similar air threats, with a claimed firing rate of 4,000 rounds per minute.
Bofors 40 mm L/70, 40 mm towed anti-aircraft autocannon, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2025 India-Pakistan ConflictBofors 40 mm L/7040 mm towed anti-aircraft autocannonSide: UkraineIndiaBuilt: BAE Systems Bofors / SwedenThe Bofors 40 mm L/70 is a Swedish postwar anti-aircraft autocannon developed by AB Bofors as a higher-velocity, faster-firing successor to the wartime 40 mm L/60 family. Its towed and naval variants remained in service through upgrades, with source-backed modern use including Lithuanian-supplied guns in Ukrainian air defense and Indian upgraded L/70 guns used as a short-range counter-drone layer during the 2025 India-Pakistan Conflict.
David's Sling air-defense system, Air and missile defense system, Air DefenseMay 2023 Israel-Gaza Conflict, 2023 Israel-Hamas War +3 moreDavid's Sling air-defense systemAir and missile defense systemSide: IsraelBuilt: Rafael Advanced Defense Systems / Raytheon / Israel and United StatesDavid's Sling is Israel's mid-tier air and missile defense layer, co-developed by Rafael and Raytheon around the Stunner/SkyCeptor hit-to-kill interceptor. Operational since 2017, it sits between Iron Dome and Arrow in Israel's layered network and has documented wartime use against rockets from Gaza and Lebanon, surface-to-air missiles over Lebanon, and Iranian missile attacks.
Arrow air-defense system, Anti-ballistic missile defense system, Air Defense2026 Iran War, 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict +2 moreArrow air-defense systemAnti-ballistic missile defense systemSide: United States and IsraelIsraelBuilt: Israel Aerospace Industries / IsraelThe Arrow air-defense system is Israel's upper-tier ballistic-missile shield, built around Arrow 2 and Arrow 3 interceptors, Green Pine radar cueing, launchers, and battle management. It gives Israel a long-range layer above shorter-range defenses, with Arrow 2 focused on upper-atmosphere engagements and Arrow 3 adding exo-atmospheric hit-to-kill interception against longer-range ballistic threats.
Gravehawk, Containerized short-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarGravehawkContainerized short-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineBuilt: BAE Systems / United KingdomGravehawk is a UK-designed, Denmark-backed short-range air-defense system built for Ukraine by adapting Soviet-era R-73 air-to-air missiles for ground launch from a containerized twin-rail launcher. Official UK and parliamentary statements place it in Ukraine's wartime air-defense network, with prototypes delivered and a follow-on batch intended to help protect cities, troops, infrastructure, and energy facilities from Russian aerial attacks.
Merops counter-drone interceptor, Counter-drone interceptor system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2026 Iran WarMerops counter-drone interceptorCounter-drone interceptor systemSide: UkraineUnited States and IsraelBuilt: Perennial Autonomy / United StatesMerops is a U.S.-developed mobile counter-drone system from Perennial Autonomy that launches Surveyor interceptor drones from a truck-portable package. Public reporting ties the system to Ukrainian counter-Shahed use, NATO eastern-flank fielding in Poland and Romania, and U.S. deployment during the 2026 Iran War. Its profile centers on AI-assisted guidance in jammed environments, pickup-truck mobility, and a roughly $15,000 interceptor cost.
Octopus interceptor drone, Counter-UAS interceptor drone, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarOctopus interceptor droneCounter-UAS interceptor droneSide: UkraineBuilt: Licensed Ukrainian manufacturers / TAF Industries / UK facilities / Ukraine / United KingdomOctopus is a Ukrainian counter-UAS interceptor drone developed around battlefield data to defeat Shahed/Geran-type one-way attack UAVs. Ukrainian and UK official sources describe it as combat-proven, low-cost relative to its targets, and scalable through licensed production in Ukraine and the United Kingdom, while TAF Industries' Octopus-100 product page gives public performance figures for one licensed configuration.
SkyFall P1-SUN, Counter-UAS interceptor drone, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarSkyFall P1-SUNCounter-UAS interceptor droneSide: UkraineBuilt: SkyFall / UkraineSkyFall P1-SUN is a Ukrainian counter-UAS interceptor drone built for low-cost defense against Shahed-type one-way attack UAVs and similar aerial targets. SkyFall designed the compact FPV aircraft around a modular, partly 3D-printed airframe, small explosive payload, high-speed pursuit, and mass production, while the P1-SUN Long upgrade adds AI-assisted terminal detection for Ukraine's fast-growing interceptor layer in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
Lockheed Martin QuadStar (NGSRI), Developmental short-range air-defense interceptor, Air DefenseLockheed Martin QuadStar (NGSRI)Developmental short-range air-defense interceptorSide: UnknownBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesLockheed Martin's QuadStar is a U.S. Army Next-Generation Short-Range Interceptor candidate for M-SHORAD Increment 3, the program intended to replace the FIM-92 Stinger with a soldier-portable fire-and-forget short-range air-defense missile. Public sources place the missile in competitive development and flight testing, with Army budget documents and production-planning reporting tying NGSRI to SGT STOUT compatibility, dismounted air-defense use, and future procurement planning rather than confirmed combat fielding.
Voronezh-DM early-warning radar, Fixed early-warning phased-array radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarVoronezh-DM early-warning radarFixed early-warning phased-array radarSide: RussiaBuilt: Vympel / RussiaVoronezh-DM is the decimeter-band member of Russia's prefabricated Voronezh strategic early-warning radar family, built for long-range missile-attack warning and aerospace surveillance in the national warning network. The Armavir site in Krasnodar Krai hosts two Voronezh-DM arrays that became conflict-relevant during the Russia-Ukraine war when Ukrainian drone attacks in May 2024 damaged at least one radar building or antenna structure; public analysis treats the site as strategically important while cautioning that its direct tactical value against Ukrainian weapons was probably limited.
Fixed Site LIDS (FS-LIDS), Fixed-site counter-UAS system, Air DefenseFixed Site LIDS (FS-LIDS)Fixed-site counter-UAS systemSide: UnknownBuilt: SRC Inc. / Raytheon / Northrop Grumman / United StatesFixed Site LIDS (FS-LIDS) is the U.S. Army's fixed-site Low, Slow, Small Unmanned Aircraft System Integrated Defeat System, built to protect bases and other static sites from small drones. Official SRC, RTX, Army, and U.S. arms-sale reporting describe it as a layered counter-UAS architecture that combines radar and EO/IR sensors, FAAD C2 command-and-control, electronic-warfare defeat, fixed Coyote launchers, and Coyote Block 2 interceptors.
Fixed-site Coyote launcher, Fixed-site launcher for Coyote interceptors, Air DefenseFixed-site Coyote launcherFixed-site launcher for Coyote interceptorsSide: UnknownBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe fixed-site Coyote launcher is the static-site launch component for Raytheon's Coyote counter-UAS interceptors in the U.S. Army's LIDS architecture. SRC describes Coyote as launched from fixed-site launcher systems, Army AL&T identifies a fixed-site Coyote Block 2 launcher, and Army acquisition reporting places Coyote inside fixed-site LIDS as the radar-guided kinetic defeat element.
Ground-based Midcourse Defense, Ground-based ballistic missile defense system, Air DefenseGround-based Midcourse DefenseGround-based ballistic missile defense systemSide: UnknownBuilt: Boeing / United StatesGround-based Midcourse Defense (GMD) is the U.S. homeland ballistic missile defense system built around silo-launched Ground-Based Interceptors, missile-defense command networks, and long-range sensor inputs. Boeing has led GMD integration since 1998, while Army operators and MDA test reporting show the system's current public record is readiness testing and homeland-defense alert posture rather than documented combat employment.
TPY-4, Ground-based multi-mission air-surveillance radar, Air DefenseTPY-4Ground-based multi-mission air-surveillance radarSide: UnknownBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesLockheed Martin's TPY-4 is a U.S. ground-based, multi-mission air-surveillance radar developed for the Air Force 3DELRR program. The fully digital, software-defined radar can be fielded in fixed or mobile configurations, and official procurement records now tie it to U.S. Air Force production, Norway's 11-radar air-surveillance chain, Sweden's PS-861 replacement program, and Denmark's planned North Atlantic air-warning sites.
Skyguard air defense system, Ground-based short-range air defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarSkyguard air defense systemGround-based short-range air defense systemSide: UkraineBuilt: Oerlikon Contraves / Rheinmetall Air Defence / Switzerland / GermanySkyguard is a Swiss ground-based air defense system line built by Oerlikon Contraves, now Rheinmetall Air Defence, and the Skyguard/Aspide configuration links the fire-control system to Aspide-family missiles. Rheinmetall describes Skyguard 3 as an inner-tier, vital-asset protection system able to connect gun and missile effectors, while Ukraine-war reporting has identified a rare Skyguard/Aspide control station in Ukrainian service under Russian loitering-munition attack.
Next Generation Interceptor (NGI), Ground-launched ballistic missile interceptor, Air Defense2015 Various ConflictsNext Generation Interceptor (NGI)Ground-launched ballistic missile interceptorSide: Unconfirmed conflict contextBuilt: Lockheed Martin / L3Harris / United StatesNext Generation Interceptor (NGI) is Lockheed Martin's planned homeland ballistic missile interceptor for the U.S. Missile Defense Agency's Ground-based Midcourse Defense system. The program moved from competing 2021 development awards to a 2024 Lockheed Martin downselect and a 2026 Courtland production facility, with public sources emphasizing multiple kill vehicles, solid-rocket propulsion, in-flight communications upgrades, and schedule risk around the original 2028 fielding target.
Iranian anti-aircraft artillery, Gun-based short-range air defense artillery, Air Defense2020 United States-Iran Conflict, 1980 Iran-Iraq WarIranian anti-aircraft artilleryGun-based short-range air defense artillerySide: IranBuilt: Iranian defense industry / KBP Instrument Design Bureau / Oerlikon Contraves / Iran, Soviet Union/Russia, SwitzerlandIranian anti-aircraft artillery is an aggregate category for gun-based air-defense systems in Iranian service, including ZU-23-2 and Mesbah 23 mm weapons, Oerlikon-derived 35 mm Samavat guns, and older heavy-caliber systems. The record is most directly documented in the 1988 Tanker War phase of the 1980 Iran-Iraq War, where a Sassan platform 23 mm gun mount engaged U.S. forces, and in the 2020 United States-Iran Conflict, where ZU-23-2-type guns appeared as low-altitude point-defense threats and strike targets.
Iranian coastal surveillance radar sites, HF over-the-horizon 3D phased-array early-warning and coastal surveillance radar, Air Defense2020 United States-Iran Conflict, 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict +1 moreIranian coastal surveillance radar sitesHF over-the-horizon 3D phased-array early-warning and coastal surveillance radarSide: IranBuilt: Iranian defense industry / IranIranian coastal surveillance radar sites cover fixed early-warning and maritime-monitoring radars used around the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, and wider Iranian air-defense network. Public sources identify Ghadir/Qadir as a reported HF over-the-horizon 3D phased-array radar family, while CENTCOM's 2026 strike releases identify coastal radar sites at Goruk, Qeshm Island, and later Iranian coastal locations without publicly naming every radar model.
S-75 Dvina / SA-2 Guideline, High-altitude surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense1955 Vietnam War, 1967 Six-Day War +3 moreS-75 Dvina / SA-2 GuidelineHigh-altitude surface-to-air missile systemSide: North Vietnam and Viet CongEgypt / Jordan / SyriaEgyptSyriaHouthi-aligned forcesBuilt: Soviet state defense industry / Soviet UnionThe S-75 Dvina, known to NATO as the SA-2 Guideline, is a Soviet command-guided surface-to-air missile system built around V-750/V-755 missiles, single-rail launchers, Spoon Rest acquisition radar, and Fan Song guidance radar. It became a defining Cold War high-altitude air-defense system in Vietnam and Arab-Israeli wars, where fixed SAM sites shaped strike planning and suppression tactics. In Yemen, surviving S-75 missile stocks reappeared less as intact air-defense batteries than as source missiles for Houthi-aligned Qaher and Muhit strike conversions.
TAF Kolibri-i10 UAV, High-speed counter-UAS interceptor drone, Air DefenseTAF Kolibri-i10 UAVHigh-speed counter-UAS interceptor droneSide: UnknownBuilt: TAF Industries / UkraineTAF Kolibri-i10 UAV is a Ukrainian high-speed counter-UAS interceptor from TAF Industries, developed from military adaptation of Kolibri 10-inch FPV drones into a manufacturer-built manual interceptor. TAF describes the TAF-I10 as intended for fixed-wing reconnaissance drones and Geran-1/Shahed-131 targets, with a 0.6 kg payload, more than 200 km/h maximum speed, 12.5 km combat radius, 25 km maximum flight distance, protected communications, and day or night digital-camera options.
PAC-3, Hit-to-kill Patriot interceptor missile, Air Defense2003 Iraq War, 2014 Russia-Ukraine War +3 morePAC-3Hit-to-kill Patriot interceptor missileSide: United States and coalition forcesUkraineUnited StatesYemeni government and Saudi-led coalition forcesBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesPAC-3 is the hit-to-kill interceptor family for Patriot air-defense batteries, using active radar homing and direct-impact defeat against tactical ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, aircraft, and other high-value air threats. PAC-3 CRI gives Patriot launchers a dense 16-round loadout, while PAC-3 MSE uses a larger dual-pulse motor and control changes for greater defended battlespace; documented combat and transfer contexts include Iraq in 2003, Yemen, Ukraine, and U.S.-Qatari Patriot defense during the June 2025 Iran missile attack on Al Udeid.
T-55-ZU-23, Improvised self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarT-55-ZU-23Improvised self-propelled anti-aircraft gunSide: UkraineBuilt: Unknown / Soviet Union / UkraineThe T-55-ZU-23 is an improvised Ukrainian short-range air-defense vehicle that combines a T-55-series tank chassis with a ZU-23-family twin 23 mm anti-aircraft gun installation. Public sourcing is narrow but specific: OSCE monitors observed the same T-55/ZU-23 configuration in the Donetsk security zone in January 2017, and MilitaryLand identifies T-55-ZU-23 in the equipment inventory of Ukraine's 54th Mechanized Brigade. The record is best read as a field or depot conversion that trades the T-55's original tank role for mobile high-volume 23 mm fire against low-altitude threats and exposed ground targets.
Mutabar-1 improvised air-defense system, Improvised short-range air-defense system, Air Defense2023 Israel-Hamas WarMutabar-1 improvised air-defense systemImprovised short-range air-defense systemSide: Hamas and Gaza-based armed groupsBuilt: Hamas / Al-Qassam Brigades / Gaza Strip, Palestinian territoriesThe Mutabar-1 is a locally manufactured improvised short-range air-defense system attributed to Hamas's Al-Qassam Brigades in Gaza. Public reporting on October 9, 2023 said the group introduced the system into Operation Al-Aqsa Flood to confront Israeli aircraft, while later CTP-ISW reporting linked it to a shot at an Israeli drone over Gaza.
MT-LBu with 57 mm S-60, Improvised tracked self-propelled 57 mm anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarMT-LBu with 57 mm S-60Improvised tracked self-propelled 57 mm anti-aircraft gunSide: RussiaBuilt: Kharkiv Tractor Plant / Soviet Union / RussiaThe MT-LBu with 57 mm S-60 is a Russian wartime field conversion that mounts a Soviet AZP S-60 anti-aircraft gun on the longer MT-LBu tracked chassis. It belongs to the wider MT-LB/S-60 conversion pattern seen in recent wars, but visually documented Russia-Ukraine War evidence specifically distinguishes an MT-LBu-based 57 mm AZP S-60 vehicle destroyed in 2024.
MT-LB with 25 mm 2M-3 naval gun, Improvised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarMT-LB with 25 mm 2M-3 naval gunImprovised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gunSide: RussiaBuilt: Kharkiv Tractor Plant / Tulamashzavod / Soviet Union / RussiaThe MT-LB with 25 mm 2M-3 naval gun is a Russian improvised weapons carrier that combines the Soviet MT-LB tracked armored tractor with a twin 25 mm 2M-3 or 2M-3M naval anti-aircraft mount. Open-source reporting and Russian loss documentation tie the conversion to the full-scale 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, where it appears as a short-range air-defense and direct-fire adaptation rather than a standardized factory combat vehicle.
MT-LB with AZP S-60 anti-aircraft gun, Improvised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict, 2014 Russia-Ukraine WarMT-LB with AZP S-60 anti-aircraft gunImprovised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gunSide: Armenia / ArtsakhRussiaBuilt: Kharkov Tractor Plant / Plant No. 4 named after Voroshilov, Krasnoyarsk / Unknown / Soviet Union / Armenia / RussiaThe MT-LB with AZP S-60 anti-aircraft gun is an improvised tracked fire-support and air-defense conversion that combines the Soviet MT-LB armored carrier with the 57 mm AZP-57 gun of the S-60 system. Public evidence ties the configuration to Armenian and Artsakh losses in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war and to Russian field adaptations during the full-scale 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
MT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gun, Improvised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense2003 Iraq War, 2014 Russia-Ukraine War +2 moreMT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gunImprovised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gunSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRussiaUkraineSyrian government and alliesOpposition and anti-government forcesSyrian Democratic Forces and coalition partnersArmenia / ArtsakhBuilt: Kharkov Tractor Plant / Soviet state arsenals / Unknown / Soviet Union / ArmeniaThe MT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gun is an improvised tracked fire-support and short-range air-defense vehicle that combines the Soviet MT-LB multipurpose armored tractor with a twin 23 mm ZU-23 gun mount. Public records show the configuration in Iraqi, Russian, Ukrainian, Syrian, and Armenian or Artsakh service contexts, with documented examples ranging from an Iraqi wreck in Baghdad to vehicles destroyed, damaged, or captured in later wars.
MT-LB with 14.5 mm 2M-7 naval gun mount, Improvised tracked self-propelled heavy machine-gun carrier, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarMT-LB with 14.5 mm 2M-7 naval gun mountImprovised tracked self-propelled heavy machine-gun carrierSide: RussiaUkraineBuilt: Kharkov Tractor Plant / Soviet Union / RussiaThe MT-LB with 14.5 mm 2M-7 naval gun mount is a Russian improvised fire-support and short-range air-defense conversion that combines the Soviet MT-LB tracked carrier with an over-under twin KPV naval machine-gun mount. Public evidence ties the configuration to the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War through a captured example near Vuhledar and Oryx's visually documented Russian equipment loss list.
Barak MX, Integrated air and missile defense system, Air Defense2025 Israel-Iran ConflictBarak MXIntegrated air and missile defense systemSide: IsraelBuilt: Israel Aerospace Industries / IsraelBarak MX is Israel Aerospace Industries' modular air and missile defense system for land, naval, and mobile deployment, built around networked battle management, radars, launchers, and the Barak SR, MR, LR, and ER interceptor family. Its Israeli Navy configuration is publicly described as Barak Magen on Sa'ar 6 missile ships, where IDF and IAI reporting tied LRAD interceptions to Operation Rising Lion during the 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict; export reporting and official releases also document Barak MX sales or deliveries to Slovakia, Thailand, Cyprus, Morocco, and Azerbaijan.
Iranian integrated air-defense system, Integrated air-defense network, Air Defense2025 Israel-Iran Conflict, 2020 United States-Iran ConflictIranian integrated air-defense systemIntegrated air-defense networkSide: IranBuilt: Iranian defense industry / Russian defense industry / Iran / RussiaThe Iranian integrated air-defense system is the national command, radar, and surface-to-air missile network used to defend Iranian airspace and strategic sites. It combines the Khatam al-Anbiya command structure, domestic systems such as Bavar-373 and Khordad-family SAMs, imported Russian S-300 batteries, and older Soviet or Russian equipment. Recent Israel-Iran and United States-Iran conflict reporting treats the network as a fielded but heavily pressured air-defense layer whose radars, command sites, and long-range batteries became major suppression targets.
Anvil-K, Kinetic counter-UAS interceptor drone, Air DefenseAnvil-KKinetic counter-UAS interceptor droneSide: UnknownBuilt: Anduril Industries / United StatesAnvil-K is Anduril Industries' kinetic Anvil counter-UAS interceptor, a high-speed quadcopter-class effector built to physically intercept Group 1 and Group 2 unmanned aircraft under Lattice-enabled control. Public sources distinguish the kinetic Anvil/Anvil-Kinetic configuration from the explosive Anvil-M variant and place it inside Kuwait's proposed 2026 Anduril counter-drone procurement package, but do not document named conflict employment.
Counter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system / C-RAM, Land-based close-in weapon system, Air Defense2003 Iraq War, 2001 War in Afghanistan +3 moreCounter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system / C-RAMLand-based close-in weapon systemSide: United States and coalition forcesUnited States, NATO, and Afghan government forcesAnti-ISIS coalition and partner forcesUnited StatesUnited States-led coalitionBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesCounter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system (C-RAM), also known as the Land-Based Phalanx Weapon System, is a U.S. close-in air-defense and force-protection system derived from the Navy Phalanx gun mount. Army and CJTF-OIR sources document LPWS/C-RAM use protecting bases and high-value sites in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria, while the shipboard Phalanx lineage also appears in Red Sea close-in missile defense.
RBS 70, Laser beam-riding short-range air-defense missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarRBS 70Laser beam-riding short-range air-defense missile systemSide: UkraineBuilt: Saab / Saab Bofors Dynamics / SwedenRBS 70 is a Swedish short-range air-defense system built around a tripod launcher, optical or thermal sight, and laser beam-riding missiles. Saab's RBS 70 NG sight keeps the man-portable role while adding auto-tracking, thermal imaging, vehicle-integration, and networked or remote-control compatibility. Ukraine has fielded RBS 70 systems during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War through Swedish and Australian support, including donated or procured launchers and training for Ukrainian personnel.
LMM Martlet, Laser-guided lightweight multirole missile, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarLMM MartletLaser-guided lightweight multirole missileSide: UkraineBuilt: Thales Air Defence / United KingdomLMM Martlet is a British Thales-built lightweight multirole missile used as a short-range air-defense and anti-surface weapon. The 13 kg laser-guided missile is associated with Royal Navy Wildcat helicopters, Stormer-based short-range air-defense launchers, Ukrainian air-defense aid, and British counter-drone operations, giving it a compact role against drones, helicopters, small maritime craft, light vehicles, and other fast targets.
Saqr / Project 358 surface-to-air missile, Loitering surface-to-air missile, Air Defense2014 Yemen Civil WarSaqr / Project 358 surface-to-air missileLoitering surface-to-air missileSide: Houthi-aligned forcesBuilt: Iranian defense industry / IranThe Saqr, commonly identified as Project 358 or the 358 missile, is an Iranian-designed loitering surface-to-air missile associated with Houthi-aligned forces in Yemen. It differs from conventional short-range SAMs by boosting into flight, cruising while searching for slower aerial targets, and using a compact air-breathing engine, making it a notable counter-UAV and helicopter threat in the 2014 Yemen Civil War.
Green Pine radar, Long-range ballistic-missile defense radar, Air Defense2025 Israel-Iran ConflictGreen Pine radarLong-range ballistic-missile defense radarSide: IsraelBuilt: ELTA Systems Ltd. / Israel Aerospace Industries / IsraelGreen Pine is the IAI ELTA long-range AESA radar family that gives the Arrow Weapon System its ballistic-missile early-warning, tracking, classification, and fire-control sensor layer. Fielded first by Israel and later exported in upgraded forms, the radar can operate as a stand-alone early-warning sensor or as part of Arrow architecture, with direct Israeli use documented during Operation Rising Lion in the 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict.
S-400 Triumf, Long-range mobile surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil War +1 moreS-400 TriumfLong-range mobile surface-to-air missile systemSide: RussiaSyrian government and alliesIndiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe S-400 Triumf, NATO reporting name SA-21 Growler, is a Russian road-mobile long-range air defense system built around networked command, search radar, engagement radar, and transporter-erector-launchers. It uses multiple interceptor families for layered engagements against aircraft, UAVs, cruise missiles, and selected ballistic missile threats, and Russian S-400 batteries in occupied Crimea have been recurring targets in Ukraine's campaign against Russian air defenses.
MIM-104 Patriot, Long-range surface-to-air and ballistic missile defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2020 United States-Iran Conflict +5 moreMIM-104 PatriotLong-range surface-to-air and ballistic missile defense systemSide: UkraineUnited StatesUnited States and IsraelYemeni government and Saudi-led coalition forcesCoalition forcesUnited States and coalition forcesIsraelTurkeyBuilt: Raytheon / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe MIM-104 Patriot is a U.S.-origin, truck-mobile air and missile defense system built around phased-array radar, command-and-control vehicles, launchers, power generation, antenna masts, support vehicles, and PAC-2 or PAC-3 interceptor families. Developed from the 1960s SAM-D program, it evolved from aircraft defense into a high-value air and missile defense layer used in Desert Storm, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Yemen, Ukraine, Gulf base defense, and reported 2026 Iran-war drone defense over Bahrain.
Barak LR / LRAD interceptor, Long-range surface-to-air interceptor, Air Defense2025 Israel-Iran ConflictBarak LR / LRAD interceptorLong-range surface-to-air interceptorSide: IsraelBuilt: Israel Aerospace Industries / IsraelBarak LR, also identified in Israeli operational reporting as LRAD, is Israel Aerospace Industries' 70 km long-range interceptor in the Barak MX air and missile defense family. It combines vertical launch, a dual-pulse motor, an active RF seeker, and battle-management data links for land and naval air defense, including Barak Magen use from Israeli Navy Sa'ar 6 missile ships against Iranian-launched UAVs during the 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict.
Bavar-373 air-defense system, Long-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2025 Israel-Iran Conflict, 2020 United States-Iran ConflictBavar-373 air-defense systemLong-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: IranBuilt: Aerospace Industries Organization / IranBavar-373 is Iran's road-mobile long-range surface-to-air missile system, developed by the Aerospace Industries Organization after the S-300 procurement gap and fielded in 2019. Iranian sources later advertised Sayyad-4B and Bavar-373-II upgrades with longer claimed reach, while 2025-2026 conflict reporting treated the system as part of Iran's high-end air-defense layer under Israeli and U.S. suppression pressure rather than a publicly confirmed source of intercept kills.
HQ-9, Long-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2025 India-Pakistan Conflict, South China Sea DisputesHQ-9Long-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: PakistanPeople's Republic of ChinaBuilt: China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation / ChinaThe HQ-9 is a Chinese road-mobile long-range surface-to-air missile family associated with CASIC and CPMIEC export marketing. Four-canister 8x8 launchers, HT-233-family fire-control radars, naval HHQ-9 and FD-2000 export designations make it a layered air-defense system rather than a single missile round; public conflict coverage now centers on Chinese island deployments in the South China Sea and Pakistan's HQ-9/P/HQ-9BE layer in the 2025 India-Pakistan conflict.
S-200 / SA-5 Gammon, Long-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil War +1 moreS-200 / SA-5 GammonLong-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineSyrian government and alliesLibyaBuilt: Almaz Central Design Bureau / Fakel Machine-Building Design Bureau / Soviet UnionThe S-200, known to NATO as the SA-5 Gammon, is a Soviet long-range surface-to-air missile system built around large radar-guided interceptors and semi-fixed launch sites. It appears in the catalog through Libyan SA-5 launches during the 1986 Gulf of Sidra confrontation, Syrian strategic air-defense fire during Israeli and coalition strike episodes, and Ukrainian reactivation for very long-range aircraft engagements and possible ground-attack use in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
S-300, Long-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict +2 moreS-300Long-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineRussiaArmenia / ArtsakhSyrian government and alliesIranBuilt: Almaz Central Design Bureau / Fakel Machine-Building Design Bureau / Soviet Union / RussiaThe S-300 is a Soviet-designed long-range surface-to-air missile family spanning early P-series air-defense systems, export S-300PMU upgrades, and the tracked S-300V branch. Ukraine has relied on legacy S-300 batteries for area air defense, received Slovakia's S-300PMU in 2022, Russia has fired S-300 missiles at Ukrainian ground targets, and Iran fields S-300PMU-2 batteries around strategic sites.
LLAD guns, Low-level air-defense gun layer, Air Defense2025 India-Pakistan ConflictLLAD gunsLow-level air-defense gun layerSide: IndiaBuilt: Various manufacturers / BAE Systems Bofors / Bharat Electronics Limited / Soviet state arsenals / Russian defense industry / Multiple, including Sweden, the Soviet Union/Russia, and IndiaLLAD guns are India's low-level air-defense gun layer, built around modernized 40 mm L/70 batteries and 23 mm twin-barrel mounts for point defense against low-flying aircraft, drones, and loitering munitions. During the 2025 India-Pakistan Conflict, Indian official reporting placed them inside Operation Sindoor's layered air-defense network alongside MANPADS and longer-range surface-to-air missiles.
FIM-92 Stinger, Man-portable air-defense system, Air Defense1982 Falklands War, 1979 Soviet-Afghan War +3 moreFIM-92 StingerMan-portable air-defense systemSide: United KingdomAfghan resistance forcesCoalition forcesUkraineTurkeyOpposition and anti-government forcesBuilt: General Dynamics / Raytheon / United StatesThe FIM-92 Stinger is a U.S.-made infrared-guided surface-to-air missile family fielded as a shoulder-fired MANPADS, a vehicle-mounted SHORAD effector, and an air-to-air helicopter weapon. Its combat record runs from British use in the Falklands and Afghan resistance use against Soviet aircraft to U.S.-supplied Ukrainian air defense.
MANPADS, Man-portable air-defense system, Air Defense2011 Sinai Insurgency, 2011 Syrian Civil War +4 moreMANPADSMan-portable air-defense systemSide: Islamic State Sinai ProvinceOpposition and anti-government forcesGovernment of National AccordChechen separatist and insurgent forcesTaliban and allied militantsRapid Support ForcesBuilt: Various manufacturers / Multiple countriesMANPADS are shoulder-fired or small-team portable surface-to-air missile systems used for very-short-range defense against low-flying aircraft and helicopters. This generic entry is reserved for directly sourced MANPADS, shoulder-fired SAM, or pattern-level conflict use where the public evidence does not identify a specific Strela, Igla, Stinger, or other missile model with enough confidence.
PPZR Grom, Man-portable air-defense system, Air Defense2008 Russo-Georgian War, 2014 Russia-Ukraine WarPPZR GromMan-portable air-defense systemSide: GeorgiaRussiaBuilt: MESKO S.A. / PolandPPZR Grom is a Polish shoulder-fired infrared surface-to-air missile system built by MESKO for very-short-range defense against visually acquired aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, and other infrared-emitting targets. Open reporting ties the system to Georgian use in the 2008 2008 Russo-Georgian War and to a Grom launcher tube reportedly seized from pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine in 2014.
PPZR Piorun, Man-portable air-defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarPPZR PiorunMan-portable air-defense systemSide: UkraineBuilt: MESKO S.A. / PolandPPZR Piorun is a Polish shoulder-fired infrared air-defense missile system produced by MESKO as the modernized Grom-family successor. Poland approved Piorun deliveries to Ukraine in February 2022, and Ukrainian National Guard units later reported using the system against Russian aircraft around Bakhmut, making it one of the catalog's directly documented short-range air-defense transfers in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
9K333 Verba, Man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS), Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil War9K333 VerbaMan-portable air-defense system (MANPADS)Side: RussiaSyrian government and alliesBuilt: KB Mashinostroyeniya (KBM) / RussiaThe 9K333 Verba, NATO reporting name SA-29 Gizmo, is a Russian shoulder-fired very-short-range air-defense system built around the 9M336 missile, 9P333 launch tube, and a passive three-spectral thermal seeker. Designed by KB Mashinostroyeniya for aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, and cruise missiles in heavy optical-interference conditions, it has documented Russian service in Syria and Ukraine and can also be used with night sights, Dzhigit support launchers, and Gibka-S mobile short-range air-defense vehicles.
SA-14 Strela-3 MANPADS, Man-portable infrared surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ConflictSA-14 Strela-3 MANPADSMan-portable infrared surface-to-air missile systemSide: AzerbaijanBuilt: KBM / Kolomna Machine-Building Design Bureau / Soviet Union / RussiaThe SA-14 Strela-3, Soviet designation 9K34, is a shoulder-fired infrared MANPADS developed as an improved successor to the Strela-2. In the Nagorno-Karabakh context, open-source arms-transfer reporting places Strela-3 launchers in Azerbaijan's inventory before the 2020 war, making it part of the legacy short-range air-defense layer even where specific firing claims are not documented.
Misagh-1 MANPADS, Man-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missile, Air Defense2003 Iraq War, 2014 Yemen Civil WarMisagh-1 MANPADSMan-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missileSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesHouthi-aligned forcesBuilt: Shahid Kazemi Industrial Complex / IranThe Misagh-1 is an Iranian shoulder-fired, infrared-guided surface-to-air missile in the Chinese QW-1 design line. Open-source evidence outside Iran is strongest for reported 2003 Iraq War insurgent possession and Houthi QW-1-pattern display evidence in Yemen, but both lanes require care because Misagh-1, QW-1, and closely related patterns can be difficult to distinguish from imagery alone.
Misagh-2 MANPADS, Man-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missile, Air Defense2014 Yemen Civil WarMisagh-2 MANPADSMan-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missileSide: Houthi-aligned forcesBuilt: Shahid Kazemi Industrial Complex / IranThe Misagh-2 is an Iranian shoulder-fired, infrared-guided MANPADS linked by open sources to the Chinese QW-series design line and Iran's domestic QW-18-pattern assembly. Specialist reporting and arms-proliferation research identify Misagh-2 or QW-18-pattern systems in Houthi-aligned possession during the 2014 Yemen Civil War, giving small units a portable short-range threat to helicopters, UAVs, cruise missiles, and other low-flying aircraft.
Igla, Man-portable infrared-homing surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 1984 Kurdish-Turkish Conflict +6 moreIglaMan-portable infrared-homing surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineKurdistan Workers' Party (PKK)Armenia / ArtsakhRapid Support ForcesTigray forcesIndiaOpposition and anti-government forcesGaddafi government forcesBuilt: KB Mashinostroyeniya / Soviet Union / RussiaThe Igla family is a Soviet/Russian shoulder-fired MANPADS built to give small air-defense teams a mobile, infrared-guided weapon against low-flying aircraft, helicopters, drones, and cruise missiles. Documented conflict use and fielding spans Ukrainian mobile air-defense teams, PKK use against a Turkish AH-1W helicopter, Syrian armed-group inventories, RSF fielding in Sudan, and Indian Army Igla-S teams reported in Operation Sindoor coverage.
9M32 Strela-2 / SA-7 MANPADS, Man-portable surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2023 Israel-Hamas War, 2014 Second Libyan Civil War +5 more9M32 Strela-2 / SA-7 MANPADSMan-portable surface-to-air missile systemSide: Hamas and Gaza-based armed groupsGovernment of National AccordUkraineOpposition and anti-government forcesArmenia / ArtsakhIslamic State Sinai ProvinceAfghan resistance forcesBuilt: KBM Kolomna / Soviet UnionThe 9M32 Strela-2, NATO SA-7 Grail, is a Soviet infrared-guided MANPADS whose compact shoulder-fired design spread widely through state arsenals, proxy forces, and armed groups. Its conflict record ranges from confirmed launch reports to delivery, capture, or displayed-materiel evidence in the Soviet-Afghan War, Ukraine, Syria, Libya, Sinai, Nagorno-Karabakh, and Gaza.
Barak-8, Medium- to long-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict, 2025 India-Pakistan Conflict +1 moreBarak-8Medium- to long-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: AzerbaijanIndiaIsraelBuilt: Israel Aerospace Industries / Rafael Advanced Defense Systems / Defence Research and Development Organisation / Bharat Dynamics Limited / Bharat Electronics Limited / Tata Advanced Systems / Indian industry partners / Israel / IndiaBarak-8, including India's MRSAM and LR-SAM configurations and IAI's later Barak MX family, is an Israeli-Indian air and missile-defense system for naval and land launchers. The cataloged conflict record centers on reported Azerbaijani Barak-8 use in Nagorno-Karabakh, an Indian Air Force Barak-8 interception during Operation Sindoor, and Israeli Barak-family interceptions during the 2025 Israel-Iran conflict.
HQ-16 / LY-80, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2025 India-Pakistan ConflictHQ-16 / LY-80Medium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: PakistanBuilt: China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation / Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology / ChinaThe HQ-16, exported as the LY-80 family, is a Chinese medium-range surface-to-air missile system spanning road-mobile land batteries and the ship-launched HHQ-16 branch. It fills the layer between short-range point defenses and long-range strategic SAMs, with six-canister land launchers, radar and command vehicles, and a naval VLS fit on Type 054A-family frigates. In the 2025 India-Pakistan Conflict, Indian government and Indian press reporting identified Pakistan as relying on imported HQ-16 systems during Operation Sindoor, making it a documented part of Pakistan's contested air-defense picture.
IRIS-T SLM, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarIRIS-T SLMMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineBuilt: Diehl Defence / GermanyIRIS-T SLM is a German medium-range ground-based air-defense system built around networked launchers, a radar, and a Common Tactical Operations Center. Diehl describes the SLM fire unit as a mobile 40 km and 20 km altitude layer for aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, and drones; Ukraine has fielded it during the Russia-Ukraine War, and NATO customers have ordered or received fire units for layered air defense.
Khordad-15 air-defense system, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2020 United States-Iran Conflict, 2026 Iran WarKhordad-15 air-defense systemMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: IranBuilt: Iran Aviation Industries Organization / IranKhordad-15 is Iran's road-mobile medium-range surface-to-air missile system, unveiled in 2019 as part of the Islamic Republic's domestic air-defense layer. Source coverage describes a truck-mounted launcher paired with phased-array radar and Sayyad-family missiles, while 2026 reporting identified likely Khordad-15 launchers among Iranian SAM systems struck during the U.S. and Israeli anti-air-defense campaign.
MIM-23 HAWK, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil War +4 moreMIM-23 HAWKMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineTurkeyGovernment of National AccordYemeni government and Saudi-led coalition forcesIsraelCoalition forcesBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe MIM-23 HAWK is a U.S.-origin medium-range surface-to-air missile system built around acquisition radars, target illumination, and semi-active radar-homing missiles. Developed for mobile low- to medium-altitude air defense and repeatedly upgraded after its 1960 fielding, HAWK has a documented combat record from Israeli and Kuwaiti use to Turkish deployments and donated Ukrainian air-defense fire units.
NASAMS, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2020 United States-Iran ConflictNASAMSMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineUnited StatesBuilt: Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace / Raytheon / Norway / United StatesNASAMS is a Kongsberg-Raytheon network-centric air defense family built around a Fire Distribution Center, distributed launchers, and networked sensors. Developed with the Royal Norwegian Air Force and fielded from 1994, the system evolved through the NASAMS II upgrade, which added NATO-standard integration features such as Link 16, and now supports a multi-missile mix spanning AMRAAM, AMRAAM-ER, and AIM-9X.
S-350 Vityaz, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarS-350 VityazMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe S-350 Vityaz is a Russian road-mobile medium-range surface-to-air missile system developed by Almaz-Antey for layered air defense against aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, UAVs, and some ballistic targets. The system pairs 50P6-series launchers, 50N6-series radar components, and 9M96/9M100-family interceptors. In the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, reporting has documented Russian S-350 deployments near Ukraine and later Ukrainian strikes on S-350 launcher and radar equipment.
Sevom Khordad / 3rd Khordad air-defense system, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2020 United States-Iran ConflictSevom Khordad / 3rd Khordad air-defense systemMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: IranBuilt: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force / IranSevom Khordad, also known as 3rd Khordad, is an Iranian road-mobile medium-range surface-to-air missile system built around a self-contained TELAR and phased-array radar. Its best-documented combat use is the June 2019 shootdown of a U.S. Navy BAMS-D/RQ-4A Global Hawk near the Strait of Hormuz; later 2026 reporting identified Third Khordad as a possible system in an F-15E shootdown claim, but that launcher attribution remained less certain.
Stunner interceptor, Missile interceptor, Air DefenseMay 2023 Israel-Gaza Conflict, 2023 Israel-Hamas War +1 moreStunner interceptorMissile interceptorSide: IsraelBuilt: Rafael Advanced Defense Systems / Raytheon / Israel, United StatesThe Stunner interceptor is the two-stage hit-to-kill missile fired by David's Sling, Israel's mid-tier air and missile-defense layer co-developed by Rafael and Raytheon. CSIS describes the missile as using radar datalink updates and onboard terminal seekers, while RTX markets SkyCeptor as a Stunner-family variant for short- to medium-range missile-defense threats. Source-backed operational use is documented in Gaza-related interceptions and the post-October 2023 Israel-Hezbollah fighting.
AN/MPQ-64 Sentinel, Mobile 3D air-defense radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarAN/MPQ-64 SentinelMobile 3D air-defense radarSide: UkraineBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe AN/MPQ-64 Sentinel is a Raytheon mobile X-band 3D air-defense radar used to cue short-range air-defense weapons, NASAMS batteries, and newer IFPC launchers against aircraft, helicopters, drones, cruise missiles, and other low-altitude threats. U.S. records identify Sentinel transfers and training for Ukraine in 2022, a DSCA notice later named the MPQ-64F1 in Ukraine's NASAMS package, and follow-on reporting documents sustainment and visual-loss evidence.
39N6 Kasta-2E2 surveillance radar, Mobile 3D low-altitude air-surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War39N6 Kasta-2E2 surveillance radarMobile 3D low-altitude air-surveillance radarSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 39N6 Kasta-2E2 is a Russian mobile 3D low-altitude air-surveillance radar in the Kasta family, intended to detect and track aircraft, helicopters, drones, and cruise missiles while feeding air-defense command networks. It is distinct from the older 35N6/51U6 Kasta-2E1 branch and has been documented as a Russian radar target in occupied Ukraine, Crimea, Zaporizhzhia, and southern Russia during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
96L6-TsP acquisition radar, Mobile acquisition and surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War96L6-TsP acquisition radarMobile acquisition and surveillance radarSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 96L6-TsP is a Russian mobile acquisition and all-altitude surveillance radar in the 96L6 family, associated in open sources with upgraded S-350, S-400, and higher-tier Russian air-defense networks. It is reported as a dual-panel phased-array radar that can work with passive 96L6-VP modules in a 96L6-AP active-passive configuration, giving Russian batteries a broader air-picture sensor for aircraft, UAV, missile, and high-altitude target detection.
Giraffe 75, Mobile air-defense surveillance and target-acquisition radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarGiraffe 75Mobile air-defense surveillance and target-acquisition radarSide: UkraineBuilt: Saab / SwedenGiraffe 75 is a Swedish mobile Giraffe-family air-surveillance radar, known in Swedish service as PS-90, built to give short- and medium-range air-defense units a raised-mast radar picture and target-acquisition support. Ukrainian sources have reported Giraffe 75/PS-90 radars in Ukrainian service during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, while Serbian M85 Žirafa systems show the same model lineage in later air-defense modernization context.
91N6A surveillance and tracking radar, Mobile air-surveillance and battle-management radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War91N6A surveillance and tracking radarMobile air-surveillance and battle-management radarSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 91N6A page covers the Russian 91N6 Big Bird S-band surveillance and tracking radar family used in Almaz-Antey long-range air-defense architecture. Official export material describes the 91N6E as the S-400 radar that detects and tracks aerodynamic and ballistic targets while feeding the 55K6E command post; open specialist sources treat 91N6A(M)/91N6M as the later S-500 acquisition and battle-management form, while subtype-specific public detail remains limited.
MARS-L, Mobile combined PSR/SSR L-band air-surveillance radar, Air DefenseMARS-LMobile combined PSR/SSR L-band air-surveillance radarSide: UnknownBuilt: Altimus-Tech / Lithuania / PolandMARS-L is Altimus-Tech's mobile L-band radar that combines primary-surveillance and secondary-surveillance channels on a one-vehicle system. The manufacturer markets it for aircraft detection, interrogation, track generation, radar-data distribution, and air-defense support, including use as a low-altitude surveillance radar, radar-field gap filler, and target-acquisition sensor for upgraded Soviet-legacy surface-to-air missile packages.
Tempest SAM, mobile counter-UAS short-range air-defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarTempest SAMmobile counter-UAS short-range air-defense systemSide: UkraineBuilt: V2X / United StatesTempest SAM is a V2X mobile counter-UAS air-defense platform that mounts dual weapon launchers on a lightweight commercial off-road vehicle. V2X presents it as a rapid, low-exposure Mobile Fires Platform for Class 2-3 unmanned aircraft, while Ukraine reporting in January 2026 showed the Hellfire-armed vehicle in Ukrainian Air Force service against Russian Shahed/Geran-series attack drones.
Mobile LIDS (M-LIDS), Mobile counter-UAS system, Air DefenseMobile LIDS (M-LIDS)Mobile counter-UAS systemSide: UnknownBuilt: Leonardo DRS / Raytheon / SRC Inc. / Northrop Grumman / United StatesMobile LIDS (M-LIDS) is the U.S. Army's mobile Low, Slow, Small Unmanned Aircraft System Integrated Defeat System. Leonardo DRS is the lead systems integrator for a mobile counter-UAS section that combines Raytheon KuRFS/Ku720 radar and Coyote effectors, Northrop Grumman FAAD C2, SRC electronic warfare, a Coyote launcher vehicle, and an XM914 30 mm chain gun defeat layer.
92N6A engagement radar, Mobile engagement and missile-guidance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil War92N6A engagement radarMobile engagement and missile-guidance radarSide: RussiaSyrian government and alliesBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 92N6A is a Russian 92N6-family engagement radar associated with the S-400 Triumf air-defense system. Public sources describe the 92N6/92N6E Grave Stone as the multifunction radar that acquires and tracks targets, prepares launches, guides missiles, and exchanges fire-control data with the S-400 command system; conflict rows are limited to sources that directly name the 92N6 or 92N6E family rather than generic S-400 deployments.
SAMP/T, Mobile long-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarSAMP/TMobile long-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: UkraineBuilt: Eurosam (MBDA / Thales) / France / ItalySAMP/T, known as MAMBA in French service, is a Franco-Italian truck-mounted air and missile defense system built around Aster interceptors, multifunction radar, engagement command modules, and road-mobile vertical launchers. Ukraine uses SAMP/T batteries for scarce long-range air defense against Russian aircraft, missiles, and drones, while the SAMP/T NG path adds newer radar, Aster 30 Block 1NT, and a multi-layer configuration integrating VL MICA.
35N6 Kasta surveillance radar, Mobile low-altitude air-surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War35N6 Kasta surveillance radarMobile low-altitude air-surveillance radarSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 35N6 Kasta is a mobile UHF-band low-altitude surveillance radar associated with the Kasta-2-1/Kasta-2E1 branch of Russia's air-defense sensor network. Open radar references describe the 51U6/Kasta-2E1 as a two-coordinate low-altitude radar with separate antenna and operator or command-post elements; Janes identified a two-vehicle KamAZ-43114 system near Buhaivka, and Oryx plus WarSpotting list destroyed Russian Kasta command-post and antenna vehicles in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
Ground Master 200, Mobile medium-range air-surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarGround Master 200Mobile medium-range air-surveillance radarSide: UkraineBuilt: Thales / France / NetherlandsThe Ground Master 200 is a Thales mobile medium-range radar family used for air surveillance, air-defense cueing, and, in newer Multi Mission variants, counter-battery and weapon-locating tasks. France supplied GM200 radars to Ukraine for air-defense surveillance during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, while European operators have adopted the later MM/A and MM/C configurations for ground-based air defense and artillery support.
EL/M-2084 Multi-Mission Radar, Mobile multi-mission air-defense and weapon-locating radar, Air Defense2025 Israel-Iran ConflictEL/M-2084 Multi-Mission RadarMobile multi-mission air-defense and weapon-locating radarSide: IsraelBuilt: Israel Aerospace Industries / ELTA Systems Ltd. / IsraelThe EL/M-2084 Multi-Mission Radar is IAI/ELTA's mobile AESA radar family for air surveillance, counter-rocket/artillery/mortar warning, weapon locating, and air-defense fire-control support. Public IAI reporting identifies MMR as a sensor tied to Iron Dome, David's Sling, Barak MX, and Spyder architectures, while official Canadian, Czech, and Slovak sources show the radar family also serving NATO air-surveillance and ground-force sensor roles. IAI directly names Multi-Mission Radar systems in Israel's Operation Rising Lion defense against Iranian rockets, missiles, UAVs, and other airborne threats.
50N6A multifunction radar, Mobile multifunction radar for the S-350 Vityaz air-defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War50N6A multifunction radarMobile multifunction radar for the S-350 Vityaz air-defense systemSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 50N6A is a Russian mobile multifunction radar associated with the 50R6A/S-350 Vityaz air-defense system. It provides search, target tracking, fire-control, and missile-guidance support for Vityaz batteries, while official export data for the S-350E family gives the multifunction radar 150 km circular-scan and 230 km fixed-sector air-target detection modes. WarSpotting documented a Russian 50N6A radar destroyed in Donetsk oblast on January 1, 2026, making the component directly visible in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War rather than only through its parent S-350 system.
55K6A command post, Mobile S-400 air-defense command post, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War55K6A command postMobile S-400 air-defense command postSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 55K6A is the Russian-service command-post component associated with the S-400 Triumf air-defense system. Open export literature describes the closely related 55K6E combat control post as the node that processes radar information, distributes targets, issues target designations, and links S-400 batteries with higher or neighboring command systems. In Ukraine, open-source loss trackers identify Russian 55K6A command posts destroyed during the full-scale war, making the component useful as a separately tracked command-and-control target rather than only as part of the broader S-400 launcher family.
Giraffe 40, Mobile short-range air-defense surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarGiraffe 40Mobile short-range air-defense surveillance radarSide: UkraineBuilt: Saab / SwedenGiraffe 40 is the early Swedish mobile Giraffe radar model associated with PS 70 short-range air defense. It combines low-altitude air surveillance with battery-level command-and-control support for RBS 70-class units, and official Ukrainian and Irish records place Giraffe radars in Ukraine's air-defense network while reporting identifies Ireland's donated legacy systems as Giraffe Mk IV.
Iron Dome air-defense system, Mobile short-range air-defense system, Air Defense2012 Gaza-Israel Conflict, 2014 Gaza War +6 moreIron Dome air-defense systemMobile short-range air-defense systemSide: IsraelBuilt: Rafael Advanced Defense Systems / Israel Aerospace Industries / IsraelIron Dome is an Israeli mobile short-range air-defense system built by Rafael and Israel Aerospace Industries to detect, track, and intercept rockets, artillery threats, and some UAVs before they hit populated areas. Known in Hebrew as Kippat Barzel, it became operational in 2011 and has documented combat use from the 2012 Gaza-Israel Conflict through later Gaza, Lebanon, and Iran-related fighting, including the April 2024 Iran-Israel exchange.
Akash, Mobile short-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2025 India-Pakistan ConflictAkashMobile short-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: IndiaBuilt: Bharat Dynamics Limited / Bharat Electronics Limited / IndiaAkash is an Indian mobile surface-to-air missile system developed for point and area air defense of vulnerable sites and forces. During Operation Sindoor in the 2025 India-Pakistan Conflict, Indian official reporting identified Akash among the indigenous air-defense systems used in the layered network that countered Pakistani drone and missile attacks.
36D6 / ST-68U surveillance radar, Mobile three-coordinate air-surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War36D6 / ST-68U surveillance radarMobile three-coordinate air-surveillance radarSide: RussiaUkraineBuilt: Research and Production Complex Iskra / Soviet Union / UkraineThe 36D6 / ST-68U Tin Shield family is a mobile Soviet-legacy three-coordinate surveillance radar used to detect and track low-, medium-, and high-altitude air targets for air-defense command posts, SAM units, and air-traffic-control tasks. Ukrainian sources identify Iskra as the enterprise behind ST-68U/19Zh6 development history and later 35D6/36D6M modernization, while open technical references describe the 36D6 as an S-band radar with 360-degree azimuth coverage, four beams, 350 kW peak transmitter power, and target-data output to automated air-defense users. In the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, visually documented loss lists, WarSpotting entries, and General Staff-derived reporting place 36D6/ST-68U radars on both Russian and Ukrainian sides of the air-defense fight, including repeated Russian radar losses in occupied Crimea.
48Ya6-K1 Podlet-K1, Mobile three-coordinate low-altitude air-surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil War48Ya6-K1 Podlet-K1Mobile three-coordinate low-altitude air-surveillance radarSide: RussiaOpposition and anti-government forcesBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 48Ya6-K1 Podlet-K1 is a Russian mobile three-coordinate radar complex built to detect and track low-altitude air targets for air-defense units. Public reporting describes the system as a multi-vehicle package with a radar/antenna vehicle, command or operator-control vehicle, and power-support vehicle on KamAZ chassis, while Rosoboronexport markets the export Podlet-K1KE for automated detection, tracking, identification, and flight-information tasks in air-defense and air-force radio-engineering units. Ukraine-war reporting documents Russian Podlet-K1 losses and strikes tied to the S-300 and S-400 air-defense network.
1L125 Niobium-SV, Mobile VHF three-coordinate air-defense surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War1L125 Niobium-SVMobile VHF three-coordinate air-defense surveillance radarSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / RussiaThe 1L125 Niobium-SV is a Russian mobile VHF/meter-band, three-coordinate radar built for ground-forces air defense and developed by NNIIRT within the Almaz-Antey group. Rosoboronexport's 1L125E export profile describes a 5-500 km, 360-degree surveillance radar for detecting, tracking, identifying, and reporting aerodynamic and ballistic targets, including low-observable aircraft; Ukrainian and sanctions-derived records identify Niobium-SV radars in Russian service during the Russia-Ukraine war.
1L13-3 Nebo-SV, Mobile VHF two-coordinate air-surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War1L13-3 Nebo-SVMobile VHF two-coordinate air-surveillance radarSide: UkraineRussiaBuilt: Nizhny Novgorod Television Plant (NITEL) / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 1L13-3 Nebo-SV is a Soviet/Russian mobile meter-band radar for ground-forces air defense, built to search for aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, and other air targets and pass range-and-bearing data to command posts or missile batteries. It is a two-coordinate predecessor to the 1L119 Nebo-SVU: sources describe it with a 72-element VHF antenna array, separate IFF interrogator, six-person crew, and fighter-target detection figures reaching roughly 350 km at high altitude.
AMBER-1800, Mobile VHF-band air surveillance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarAMBER-1800Mobile VHF-band air surveillance radarSide: UkraineBuilt: Altimus-Tech / Lithuania / PolandAMBER-1800 is a mobile VHF-band air surveillance radar associated with the LiTak-Tak and Altimus-Tech industrial lineage. The two-vehicle system uses a deployable antenna and solid-state transmitter/receiver equipment to detect and track air targets, then distribute radar data to air-defense users. RUSI identifies Ukraine's related Burshtyn-1800 radar in service during the 2022 full-scale phase, while Lithuania committed funding for six AMBER-1800-family mobile air-surveillance radars for Ukraine under Germany's Immediate Action on Air Defence initiative in 2024.
VAMPIRE, Modular counter-UAS rocket system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarVAMPIREModular counter-UAS rocket systemSide: UkraineBuilt: L3Harris Technologies / United StatesVAMPIRE, short for Vehicle-Agnostic Modular Palletized ISR Rocket Equipment, is L3Harris's self-contained counter-UAS weapons kit. The system is vehicle and platform agnostic, combines a WESCAM MX-10D RSTA sensor with APKWS or other laser-guided munitions, and has been used in Ukraine to defend against hostile unmanned systems and selected ground threats. L3Harris later expanded VAMPIRE into land, maritime, airborne, base-defense, and electronic-warfare variants, with U.S. Army orders adding a proximity-fuze APKWS configuration.
Pantsir-M, Naval missile-gun close-in air-defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarPantsir-MNaval missile-gun close-in air-defense systemSide: RussiaBuilt: KBP Instrument Design Bureau / RussiaPantsir-M is the Russian naval member of the Pantsir missile-gun air-defense family, combining ready-to-fire surface-to-air missiles, a rapid-fire gun mount, radar, and optical fire control for ship self-defense against cruise missiles, UAVs, aircraft, and other air threats. Open reporting ties the system to Project 22800 Karakurt-class ships, North Korea's Choe Hyon destroyer, and a Russian claim of Storm Shadow engagements during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
Albatros, Naval surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense1990 Gulf WarAlbatrosNaval surface-to-air missile systemSide: Coalition forcesBuilt: Selenia / Alenia / MBDA Italy / ItalyAlbatros is an Italian shipboard surface-to-air missile system built around Aspide-family missiles for point defense and limited local-area protection of frigates, corvettes, and other surface combatants. The legacy Selenia/Alenia system used four-, six-, or eight-cell launcher fits with continuous-wave missile guidance, and Italian Navy records place an Albatros/Aspide-equipped frigate in Gulf War coalition service before MBDA positioned CAMM-ER-based Albatros NG as the successor line.
Skynex, Networked short-range air defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarSkynexNetworked short-range air defense systemSide: UkraineBuilt: Rheinmetall / Switzerland / GermanySkynex is Rheinmetall Air Defence's modular short-range air defense architecture built around the Oerlikon Skymaster battle management system, networked X-TAR3D-class sensors, and autonomous 35 mm Revolver Gun Mk3 effectors firing programmable AHEAD ammunition. German-funded Skynex systems in Ukrainian service have been reported in truck-mounted power-plant defense roles, while Italy received the first NATO-member Skynex battery in December 2025.
MIM-104E Patriot PAC-2 GEM/T, Patriot PAC-2 guidance-enhanced interceptor missile, Air Defense2003 Iraq War, 2014 Russia-Ukraine War +1 moreMIM-104E Patriot PAC-2 GEM/TPatriot PAC-2 guidance-enhanced interceptor missileSide: United States and coalition forcesUkraineYemeni government and Saudi-led coalition forcesBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe MIM-104E Patriot PAC-2 GEM/T is the Guidance Enhanced Missile-Tactical interceptor in the Patriot PAC-2 family. It keeps the larger PAC-2 blast-fragmentation form factor while adding seeker and fuze improvements for tactical ballistic missile threats, and open sources tie GEM-T to Operation Iraqi Freedom, Saudi Patriot defenses in Yemen, and Ukrainian Patriot batteries in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
MIM-104C Patriot PAC-2, Patriot PAC-2 surface-to-air and tactical ballistic-missile interceptor, Air Defense1990 Gulf War, 2003 Iraq WarMIM-104C Patriot PAC-2Patriot PAC-2 surface-to-air and tactical ballistic-missile interceptorSide: Coalition forcesUnited States and coalition forcesBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe MIM-104C Patriot PAC-2 is the baseline Patriot Advanced Capability-2 interceptor, a U.S. Raytheon-built upgrade that adapted the original Patriot missile for more demanding tactical ballistic-missile engagements. PAC-2 changed the missile package before Desert Storm, became the visible Patriot missile-defense baseline of the 1990 Gulf War, and remained part of coalition Patriot combat use in the 2003 Iraq War before later PAC-2 GEM/GEM-T and PAC-3 interceptors took over the modernized Patriot mix.
MR-2 Viktor, Pickup-mounted 14.5 mm counter-UAV air-defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarMR-2 ViktorPickup-mounted 14.5 mm counter-UAV air-defense systemSide: UkraineBuilt: Excalibur Army / Czech RepublicMR-2 Viktor is a Czech Excalibur Army mobile air-defense system that mounts a twin 14.5 mm KPV/ZPU-style gun package on a Toyota pickup chassis with updated day/night sights and communications. Ukrainian sources document Viktor vehicles with mobile fire groups protecting airspace and infrastructure from low-flying drones during the full-scale phase of the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
MORFIUS, Reusable high-power microwave counter-UAS interceptor, Air DefenseMORFIUSReusable high-power microwave counter-UAS interceptorSide: UnknownBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesMORFIUS is Lockheed Martin's reusable, tube-launched counter-UAS interceptor built around a high-power microwave payload and an ALTIUS-derived airframe. Public sources identify it as a developmental and demonstration system: Lockheed describes land, air, and sea launch integration, The War Zone reported DARPA Mobile Force Protection testing, and DefenseScoop reported a Joint Counter-small UAS Office evaluation at Yuma Proving Ground.
30N6 engagement radar, S-300-family engagement and missile-guidance radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict +2 more30N6 engagement radarS-300-family engagement and missile-guidance radarSide: RussiaUkraineArmenia / ArtsakhIranSyrian government and alliesBuilt: Almaz-Antey / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 30N6 is the S-300P-family engagement radar lineage known by NATO as Flap Lid and, on later export configurations, Tomb Stone. The 5N63S Flap Lid B branch is the self-propelled S-300PS-era configuration, giving S-300P, S-300PS, S-300PMU, and S-300PMU-2 batteries target tracking, illumination, and missile-guidance functions rather than serving as a standalone weapon. Direct conflict records place Flap Lid-family radars in Ukraine and Nagorno-Karabakh losses, and satellite-based analysis identified a 30N6/30N6E radar as the probable S-300 component hit near Isfahan in April 2024.
76N6 Clam Shell, S-300-family low-altitude acquisition radar, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War76N6 Clam ShellS-300-family low-altitude acquisition radarSide: RussiaUkraineBuilt: Almaz-Antey / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 76N6 Clam Shell is a Soviet/Russian S-300-family low-altitude acquisition radar built to find small, low-flying targets such as cruise missiles and terrain-following aircraft. It supplements the S-300 battery's wider search and fire-control radars by improving coverage near the radar horizon, often from a 40V6M or 40V6MD mast. Direct Ukraine-war evidence identifies Clam Shell-family equipment in Slovakia's S-300PMU transfer to Ukraine and a 76N6 radar destroyed with Russian S-300 equipment at Voronezh in August 2025.
5P85SM TEL, S-300PM-series self-propelled transporter-erector-launcher, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War5P85SM TELS-300PM-series self-propelled transporter-erector-launcherSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz Central Design Bureau / Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ) / Soviet Union / Russia / BelarusThe 5P85SM is a modernized self-propelled S-300PM-family launcher developed after the 5P85S/D master-slave arrangement. It carries four 48N6-family missile canisters on a MAZ-543M-family chassis, uses improved prelaunch and autonomous power equipment, and appears in Russian S-300PM-family visual-loss reporting from Ukraine.
5V55U, S-300PMU-associated 5V55-series surface-to-air missile, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War5V55US-300PMU-associated 5V55-series surface-to-air missileSide: UkraineBuilt: Fakel Machine-Building Design Bureau / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 5V55U is a 5V55-series surface-to-air missile associated with the S-300PMU branch of the S-300 family. Open sources describe it as an upgraded missile for the 1992 export modernization, while SIPRI-derived Ukraine transfer data identifies 45 second-hand Slovak 5V55U missiles delivered for Ukrainian S-300PMU systems during Russia's full-scale invasion.
5P85S TEL, S-300PS master transporter-erector-launcher, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict5P85S TELS-300PS master transporter-erector-launcherSide: UkraineArmenia / ArtsakhBuilt: Almaz Central Design Bureau / Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ) / Soviet UnionThe 5P85S is the master self-propelled transporter-erector-launcher in early S-300PS launcher groups. It carries four S-300 missile canisters, adds the control electronics that coordinate paired 5P85D slave launchers under the S-300PS engagement radar, and has been documented as Ukrainian and Armenian/Artsakh S-300PS battlefield materiel in open-source loss records.
5P85D TEL, S-300PS slave transporter-erector-launcher, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict5P85D TELS-300PS slave transporter-erector-launcherSide: UkraineArmenia / ArtsakhBuilt: Almaz Central Design Bureau / Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ) / Soviet UnionThe 5P85D is a Soviet road-mobile transporter-erector-launcher associated with S-300PS and early S-300PMU air-defense batteries. It is the additional slave launcher in a 5P85SD launcher group, normally controlled by a 5P85S master TEL, carries four S-300 missile canisters on a MAZ-543M-family 8x8 chassis, and has been separately identified in Ukrainian and Armenian/Artsakh visual-loss records.
5P85SM2-01 TEL, S-400 self-propelled transporter-erector-launcher, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War5P85SM2-01 TELS-400 self-propelled transporter-erector-launcherSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ) / Russia / BelarusThe 5P85SM2-01 is a self-propelled transporter-erector-launcher associated with Russia's S-400 Triumf long-range air-defense system. It carries four launch canisters on a MAZ-543M-family heavy wheeled chassis and depends on the S-400 battery's command post, search radars, and 92N6E engagement radar for target data and missile guidance. Visual-loss tracking has separately documented Russian 5P85SM2-01 launchers in Ukraine, making the TEL identifiable beyond generic S-400 system references.
5P85TE2 TEL, S-400 towed transporter-erector-launcher, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War5P85TE2 TELS-400 towed transporter-erector-launcherSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / BAZ / RussiaThe 5P85TE2 is a towed transporter-erector-launcher associated with Russia's S-400 Triumf long-range air-defense system. It carries four ready missile canisters on a semitrailer normally towed by a BAZ-64022 tractor, depends on the S-400 battery's command-and-radar vehicles for target data and launch control, and has been directly identified in reporting on a Russian S-400 launcher loss near Yevpatoriya during the Russia-Ukraine War.
Flakpanzer Gepard, Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarFlakpanzer GepardSelf-propelled anti-aircraft gunSide: UkraineBuilt: Krauss-Maffei Wegmann / GermanyThe Flakpanzer Gepard is a tracked German self-propelled anti-aircraft gun built around twin 35 mm automatic cannons, onboard search and tracking radars, and a Leopard 1-derived chassis. Germany later refurbished Gepards for Ukraine, where the system became a mobile short-range air defense and counter-UAV weapon against Shahed loitering munitions, cruise missiles, and other low-altitude threats.
AN/TWQ-1 Avenger, Self-propelled short-range air defense system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 1990 Gulf War +2 moreAN/TWQ-1 AvengerSelf-propelled short-range air defense systemSide: UkraineCoalition forcesUnited States and coalition forcesSyrian Democratic Forces and coalition partnersBuilt: Boeing / United StatesThe AN/TWQ-1 Avenger, often captioned in Army imagery as the M1097 Avenger, is a Boeing-developed short-range air-defense system built around a HMMWV-mounted turret with two Stinger missile pods and an M3P .50-caliber machine gun. Boeing records first firing in April 1984 and first delivery on 1988-11-01, with more than 1,100 systems delivered by 2002. The system appears in the catalog through Gulf War service, Iraq War up-gun conversions, Ukrainian mobile air-defense use against Shahed drones, and U.S. coalition force-protection activity at Al-Tanf in Syria.
Stormer HVM, Self-propelled short-range air-defense missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine WarStormer HVMSelf-propelled short-range air-defense missile systemSide: UkraineBuilt: Alvis / Thales Air Defence / United KingdomStormer HVM is a British self-propelled Starstreak High Velocity Missile air-defense system mounted on the tracked Alvis Stormer vehicle. It combines a protected CVR(T)-derived carrier, passive target-alerting equipment, and a roof launcher with eight ready Starstreak missiles for close air defense against low-flying aircraft, helicopters, and UAVs. The United Kingdom announced Stormer transfers to Ukraine in April 2022, later stated that six Stormer vehicles with Starstreak launchers had been supplied, and Ukrainian reporting placed the systems on the frontline by late July 2022.
Pantsir-S1, Self-propelled short-range surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft gun system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil War +3 morePantsir-S1Self-propelled short-range surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft gun systemSide: RussiaUkraineSyrian government and alliesLibyan National ArmyYemeni government and Saudi-led coalition forcesRapid Support ForcesBuilt: KBP Instrument Design Bureau / RussiaThe Pantsir-S1 is a Russian mobile point-defense system that combines 57E6-family command-guided surface-to-air missiles, twin 30 mm 2A38M automatic cannon, target-acquisition radar, engagement radar, and electro-optical fire control on a wheeled combat vehicle. It is designed to protect military units, air-defense sites, infrastructure, and longer-range air-defense formations against aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, precision weapons, and UAVs, with documented or reported conflict relevance in Ukraine, Syria, Libya, Yemen, and Sudan.
Pantsir-S2, Self-propelled short-range surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft gun system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2011 Syrian Civil WarPantsir-S2Self-propelled short-range surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft gun systemSide: RussiaSyrian government and alliesBuilt: KBP Instrument Design Bureau / RussiaThe Pantsir-S2 is a Russian modernized member of the Pantsir missile-gun air-defense family, retaining the truck-mounted 57E6-family missile and twin 30 mm gun layout while adding a new SOTS S-band search radar and longer stated missile reach than the baseline Pantsir-S1. Open sources place the variant in Russian service from 2015, in Russia's Syrian deployment at Hmeymim, and in Russian service during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
Standard Missile-3 (SM-3), Ship- and ground-launched exo-atmospheric ballistic missile interceptor, Air Defense2020 United States-Iran Conflict, 2026 Iran WarStandard Missile-3 (SM-3)Ship- and ground-launched exo-atmospheric ballistic missile interceptorSide: United StatesUnited States and IsraelBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe Standard Missile-3 is the Aegis ballistic-missile-defense interceptor behind the RIM-161 SM-3 Block I, Block IA, and Block IB lineage. Fired from shipboard and Aegis Ashore Mk 41 launchers, it carries a kinetic kill vehicle above the atmosphere to defeat ballistic missiles in midcourse flight and has documented U.S. combat use against Iranian missile attacks.
Standard Missile-6 (SM-6), Ship-launched multi-mission interceptor missile, Air Defense2020 United States-Iran Conflict, 2023 Red Sea CrisisStandard Missile-6 (SM-6)Ship-launched multi-mission interceptor missileSide: United StatesUnited States-led coalitionBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe Standard Missile-6 is a U.S. Navy ship-launched multi-mission missile for anti-air warfare, terminal ballistic missile defense, anti-surface warfare, and strike missions. Its conflict record is strongest in Aegis shipboard air-defense roles, including U.S. destroyer and cruiser defenses against Houthi missile and drone attacks in the Red Sea.
ARBALET-K weapon station, Shipborne short-range air-defense missile station, Air DefenseARBALET-K weapon stationShipborne short-range air-defense missile stationSide: UnknownBuilt: State Kyiv Design Bureau Luch / UkraineARBALET-K is a Ukrainian shipborne short-range air-defense missile station from Luch that adapts Igla-type missiles to a naval mount with a thermal imager, control panel, and two twin-missile launch units. Public sources document shipment to Kazakhstan's navy, a December 2015 firing from the missile boat Oral, and a Ukrainian Lan/Vespa missile-boat design that listed it in the planned armament.
SPYDER surface-to-air missile system, Short- and medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2019 India-Pakistan Border SkirmishesSPYDER surface-to-air missile systemShort- and medium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: IndiaBuilt: Rafael Advanced Defense Systems / IsraelSPYDER is Rafael's Israeli mobile air-defense family built around Python-5 imaging-infrared and Derby active-radar interceptors. The family spans slant-launch and vertical-launch configurations for point, area, and maneuver-force defense, and Indian forces used the system during the 2019 India-Pakistan Border Skirmishes.
S-125 Neva/Pechora / SA-3 Goa, Short- to medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense1969 War of Attrition, 1973 Yom Kippur War +8 moreS-125 Neva/Pechora / SA-3 GoaShort- to medium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: EgyptSyriaIraqFederal Republic of YugoslaviaSyrian government and alliesUkraineIndiaAzerbaijanHouthi-aligned forcesBuilt: Almaz Central Design Bureau / Soviet UnionThe S-125 Neva/Pechora, known to NATO as SA-3 Goa, is a Soviet command-guided surface-to-air missile system built to cover lower-altitude targets than earlier S-75 batteries. The family combines 5V24/V-600 or 5V27/V-601 missiles, SNR-125 Low Blow engagement radar, and twin- or four-rail launchers, with later Pechora upgrades adding mobile chassis, digital electronics, and optical tracking. Cataloged use spans Egyptian and Iraqi air-defense service, Yugoslav S-125 combat in Operation Allied Force, Syrian and Houthi-aligned legacy sites, Azerbaijani Pechora-2TM use, Ukrainian Newa-SC service, and Indian Pechora employment during Operation Sindoor.
9A330 Tor TLAR, Short-range self-propelled surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War9A330 Tor TLARShort-range self-propelled surface-to-air missile systemSide: RussiaUkraineBuilt: Almaz-Antey / Izhevsk Electromechanical Plant (IEMZ) / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 9A330 Tor TLAR is the tracked transporter-launcher-and-radar vehicle for the original Soviet 9K330 Tor short-range surface-to-air missile system. It combines acquisition radar, engagement radar, command-guided 9M330 missiles, and a tracked GM-series chassis in a self-contained battlefield air-defense vehicle, making it the earlier Tor-family branch that preceded the 9A331 Tor-M1 and modern Tor-M2 configurations.
9A331 Tor-M1 TLAR, Short-range self-propelled surface-to-air missile system, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War9A331 Tor-M1 TLARShort-range self-propelled surface-to-air missile systemSide: RussiaBuilt: Almaz-Antey / Izhevsk Electromechanical Plant (IEMZ) / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 9A331 Tor-M1 TLAR is the tracked combat vehicle for the 9K331 Tor-M1 short-range surface-to-air missile system. It packages surveillance radar, engagement radar, command-guided 9M331 missiles, and a GM-5955 tracked chassis into a self-contained air-defense vehicle, bridging the original 9A330 Tor branch and later Tor-M2 family systems.
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