Conflict catalog

2003 Iraq War: Weapons and Equipment

U.S.-led invasion and occupation of Iraq from 2003 to 2011.

The 2003 Iraq War was the 2003-2011 conflict launched by the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq and followed by a prolonged occupation and insurgency.

This catalog tracks weapon systems directly documented in 2003 Iraq War use.

Entries should be limited to systems with direct conflict-use sourcing.

166 weapon systems

Conflict Actors

United States and coalition forces / Iraqi government and security forces / Iraqi insurgent and militia forces

Context

Status
Published catalog
Domains
air, land, maritime, insurgency

Weapons

2003 Iraq War Weapon Systems

Role

Frontline Assault

Used directly in attacks, advances, raids, or offensive ground operations.

8/13
Sea King, Multi-role maritime helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsSea KingMulti-role maritime helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Frontline Assault / Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Westland Helicopters / United KingdomThe Sea King is the British-built Westland WS-61, a licensed version of the Sikorsky S-61/SH-3 Sea King that first flew in 1969 and saw more than 340 aircraft delivered. Westland marks covered anti-submarine, airborne surveillance, commando transport, utility, and search-and-rescue work, with documented service from the Falklands War and Gulf War through Iraq, Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, and Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
AH-64 Apache attack helicopter, Twin-engine attack helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsAH-64 Apache attack helicopterTwin-engine attack helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Frontline Assault / Fire SupportBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / Boeing / United StatesThe AH-64 Apache is a U.S. twin-engine attack helicopter family designed by Hughes Helicopters and continued through McDonnell Douglas and Boeing production. Built around a two-person crew, nose-mounted sensors, a 30 mm chain gun, rockets, and guided missiles, it has direct source-backed combat use from Desert Storm and Iraq to Afghanistan, Sinai, Yemen, Gaza, Lebanon, anti-ISIS operations, and recent U.S. operations against Iran.Detailed conflict use
Stryker, 8x8 armored fighting vehicle family, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesStryker8x8 armored fighting vehicle familySide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Frontline Assault / Mobility & Logistics / Force ProtectionBuilt: General Dynamics Land Systems / United States / CanadaThe Stryker is a U.S.-designed eight-wheeled armored fighting vehicle family built around a common chassis, modular mission kits, and rapid road movement. Army reporting says the first production vehicle rolled off the line in April 2002, and the family later logged combat rotations in Iraq and Afghanistan before Double-V Hull upgrades improved blast protection. Modern branches include 30 mm Dragoon infantry carriers, SGT STOUT air-defense vehicles, and U.S.-supplied APCs for Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
M242 Bushmaster, 25 mm chain gun autocannon, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesM242 Bushmaster25 mm chain gun autocannonSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Anti-Armor / Frontline Assault / Force ProtectionBuilt: Northrop Grumman / United StatesThe M242 Bushmaster is a U.S. 25x137 mm chain-driven autocannon used as the main gun on Bradley and LAV armored vehicles and as the gun element in Mk 38 naval weapon systems. Its externally powered dual-feed design lets crews select ammunition types for direct fire against personnel, light armor, vehicles, and small surface threats; Bradley crews have used the weapon in the Gulf War, Iraq War, and Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
40 mm automatic grenade launcher, 40 mm automatic grenade launcher, Infantry WeaponsInfantry Weapons40 mm automatic grenade launcher40 mm automatic grenade launcherSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Frontline AssaultBuilt: General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems / U.S. Ordnance / ST Engineering / Heckler & Koch / MKE, Sarsilmaz, Kalekalip / Various manufacturers / Multiple countriesThe 40 mm automatic grenade launcher class covers belt-fed crew-served grenade machine guns such as the U.S. Mk 19 Mod 3, ST Engineering 40AGL Mk2, Heckler & Koch GMG, and Spain's LAG 40 family. Direct reporting documents Mk 19 use by U.S. forces in Afghanistan and Iraq, coalition partner training against Islamic State, and Ukrainian frontline employment in the Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
M4/M4A1 carbine, Carbine, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsM4/M4A1 carbineCarbineSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Frontline Assault / Force Protection / Targeting SupportBuilt: Colt / United StatesThe M4/M4A1 carbine is a U.S.-origin 5.56mm service-rifle family built around a shorter M16 lineage, a collapsible stock, and modular accessory mounting. Conflict-specific evidence documents M4-family use by U.S. forces in Iraq and Afghanistan, coalition and Iraqi partner forces during anti-ISIS operations, Philippine Marines at Marawi, Israeli wartime replenishment, and Ukrainian special-operations transition from Soviet-pattern rifles during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
M136 AT4, Disposable shoulder-fired light anti-armor recoilless weapon, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsM136 AT4Disposable shoulder-fired light anti-armor recoilless weaponSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Frontline Assault / Anti-ArmorBuilt: FFV Ordnance / Saab Bofors Dynamics / Alliant Techsystems / Sweden / United StatesThe M136 AT4 is the U.S. designation for an Americanized Saab AT4, a single-shot 84 mm shoulder-fired anti-armor weapon issued as a disposable launch tube. It gives infantry a lightweight close-range option against light armor, bunkers, gun positions, and buildings, while the wider AT4CS family adds confined-space variants for different target effects. Ukraine has received AT-4 systems through U.S. security assistance during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
Door-breaching explosive charge, Explosive breaching charge, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsDoor-breaching explosive chargeExplosive breaching chargeSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Frontline AssaultBuilt: Various manufacturers / MultipleA door-breaching explosive charge is a portable combat-engineering entry device used by assault teams and sappers to defeat doors, locks, hardware, walls, or light obstacles with a controlled blast. Military training sources describe task-specific charge patterns such as donut, linear, silhouette, and water-impulse charges, while conflict reporting documents explosive entry use in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Gaza urban operations.Detailed conflict use
5 remaining

Role

Defensive Holding

Used to defend positions, territory, cities, trenches, bases, or key terrain.

3/3
M-46, 130 mm towed field gun, ArtilleryArtilleryM-46130 mm towed field gunSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Defensive Holding / Fire SupportBuilt: Motovilikha Plant / Norinco / Soviet Union / ChinaThe M-46 is a Soviet 130 mm towed field gun built for long-range counter-battery and field-artillery missions. Its high-velocity gun, long standard range, and licensed Chinese Type 59 branch kept the design in Iraqi, Syrian, Yemeni, Pakistani, Ethiopian, Russian, and Ukrainian conflict contexts decades after its first Cold War fielding.Detailed conflict use
M198 155 mm howitzer, 155 mm towed howitzer, ArtilleryArtilleryM198 155 mm howitzer155 mm towed howitzerSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Defensive HoldingBuilt: Rock Island Arsenal / United StatesThe M198 is a U.S.-designed 155 mm towed howitzer developed at Rock Island Arsenal to replace older M114-series guns. Its split-trail carriage, nine-person crew, air-transportable layout, and 22-30 km range made it a standard U.S. Army and Marine Corps fire-support weapon before the lighter M777 replaced it in U.S. service. Direct conflict sourcing now traces M198 fielding from Desert Storm through U.S. use in Afghanistan and Iraq, Islamic State capture and cross-border use in Iraq and Syria, Iraq-aligned militia firing, and coalition-backed Iraqi Army live-fire training.Detailed conflict use
T-72, Main battle tank, TanksTanksT-72Main battle tankSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Frontline Assault / Defensive Holding / Fire SupportBuilt: Uralvagonzavod / Various manufacturers / Soviet Union / Russia / licensed producersThe T-72 is a Soviet main battle tank family built around a three-person crew, an autoloaded 125 mm gun, and a compact tracked chassis that entered Soviet service in 1974. Its long production run, licensed derivatives, and post-Soviet stockpiles made it a recurring armored vehicle in Iraq, Chechnya, Georgia, Syria, Yemen, Nagorno-Karabakh, and the Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use

Role

Fire Support

Provided supporting fire for troops, vehicles, or maneuver units.

8/51
M230 30 mm chain gun, 30 mm autocannon, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsM230 30 mm chain gun30 mm autocannonSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire SupportBuilt: Northrop Grumman / United StatesThe M230 30 mm chain gun is an externally powered 30x113 mm autocannon built around Apache helicopter fire support, later adapted into M230LF and XM914 ground counter-UAS variants. Northrop Grumman describes the aviation M230 as the original medium-caliber Chain Gun and the M230LF as a lightweight ground and sea-platform weapon; direct sources document Apache M230 fielding in Afghanistan, Iraq, Operation Inherent Resolve, Israeli Apache use in the 2023 Israel-Hamas War, and M230LF-based Slinger systems ordered for Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
F-14 Tomcat, Carrier-based air superiority fighter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-14 TomcatCarrier-based air superiority fighterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: Grumman Corporation / United StatesThe Grumman F-14 Tomcat was a carrier-based, two-seat, variable-sweep-wing fighter built for U.S. Navy fleet defense and later adapted for strike, reconnaissance, and targeting missions. Its long-range radar-and-missile concept shaped Cold War carrier air defense, while later F-14B and F-14D upgrades kept the type in combat from the Gulf of Sidra through Iraq, Afghanistan, and Iran's surviving fleet in the 2026 Iran War.Detailed conflict use
F/A-18 Hornet (Tactical), Carrier-capable multirole strike fighter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF/A-18 Hornet (Tactical)Carrier-capable multirole strike fighterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / United StatesThe F/A-18 Hornet (Tactical) is the National Naval Aviation Museum's label for the original McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 A-D Hornet family, a twin-engine carrier-capable strike fighter that entered Marine Corps service in 1983 and U.S. Navy service in 1984. NAVAIR describes the Hornet as the nation's first all-weather fighter and attack aircraft; its documented combat record spans Libya, Desert Storm, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, and later coalition campaigns.Detailed conflict use
A-10 Thunderbolt II, Close air support attack aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsA-10 Thunderbolt IIClose air support attack aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Anti-Armor / InterdictionBuilt: Fairchild Republic Co. / United StatesThe A-10 Thunderbolt II is a U.S. single-seat, twin-engine attack aircraft built around close air support, austere operations, survivability, and the 30 mm GAU-8/A cannon. Official U.S. military sources document A-10 use from the 1990 Gulf War through Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Operation Inherent Resolve, and later U.S. Central Command missions, while the A-10C modernization added digital cockpit, targeting, datalink, and precision-weapon capability to the original low-altitude support platform.Detailed conflict use
M/AH-6M Little Bird, Light special operations helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsM/AH-6M Little BirdLight special operations helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Reconnaissance & SurveillanceBuilt: MD Helicopters / Boeing / United StatesThe M/AH-6M Little Bird family pairs a compact special operations helicopter with armed and troop-carrying mission fits: AH-6M aircraft provide close air support with guns, rockets, and missiles, while MH-6M aircraft move small assault teams into confined landing zones. U.S. Army history documents AH/MH-6 Little Birds in Somalia and AH-6 support at Hadithah Dam in Iraq; later open-source reporting tied M/AH-6Ms to a caveated 2026 United States-Venezuela Conflict support role.Detailed conflict use
B-52 Stratofortress, Long-range heavy bomber, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsB-52 StratofortressLong-range heavy bomberSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / Fire SupportBuilt: Boeing / United StatesThe B-52 Stratofortress is a Boeing-built U.S. long-range heavy bomber that carries conventional and nuclear ordnance, cruise missiles, mines, and precision-guided weapons. Its conflict record spans Vietnam-era Arc Light missions, Desert Storm, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, anti-ISIS operations, and later U.S. long-range strike deployments.Detailed conflict use
AH-1W Super Cobra attack helicopter, Marine attack helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsAH-1W Super Cobra attack helicopterMarine attack helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Reconnaissance & SurveillanceBuilt: Bell / United StatesThe Bell AH-1W Super Cobra was the U.S. Marine Corps' twin-engine attack helicopter between the mid-1980s and 2020, bridging the AH-1T SeaCobra and the AH-1Z Viper. NAVAIR lists Bell as contractor and describes the type as an HMLA aircraft with T700 engines, a night targeting system, and a 14,750 lb maximum gross weight, while official Marine and Navy sources document AH-1W combat use from Desert Storm and Iraq to Afghanistan and Operation Odyssey Lightning in Libya.Detailed conflict use
F-16 Fighting Falcon, Multirole fighter aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-16 Fighting FalconMultirole fighter aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / Fire SupportBuilt: General Dynamics / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe F-16 Fighting Falcon is a U.S.-designed single-engine multirole fighter family used for air defense, air-to-air combat, suppression support, and precision strike missions. This entry covers the F-16C/D production branch requested by the F-16C designation alongside F-16AM/BM MLU aircraft documented from Kosovo and Libya to Ukrainian service.Detailed conflict use
43 remaining

Role

Long-Range Strike

Attacked targets far behind the front line, such as bases, depots, headquarters, or infrastructure.

8/27
F-14 Tomcat, Carrier-based air superiority fighter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-14 TomcatCarrier-based air superiority fighterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: Grumman Corporation / United StatesThe Grumman F-14 Tomcat was a carrier-based, two-seat, variable-sweep-wing fighter built for U.S. Navy fleet defense and later adapted for strike, reconnaissance, and targeting missions. Its long-range radar-and-missile concept shaped Cold War carrier air defense, while later F-14B and F-14D upgrades kept the type in combat from the Gulf of Sidra through Iraq, Afghanistan, and Iran's surviving fleet in the 2026 Iran War.Detailed conflict use
F-15E Strike Eagle, Dual-role strike fighter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-15E Strike EagleDual-role strike fighterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / InterdictionBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / Boeing / United StatesThe F-15E Strike Eagle is a two-seat U.S. dual-role fighter built for long-range interdiction, precision attack, and self-escorted air-to-air combat. Its conformal fuel tanks, targeting/navigation pods, radar, and two-person cockpit made it a night-strike aircraft in the 1990 Gulf War and a recurring U.S. and export-derivative strike platform in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Syria, counter-ISIL operations, and later Middle East crises.Detailed conflict use
F-15 family fighter aircraft, Fighter aircraft family, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-15 family fighter aircraftFighter aircraft familySide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / Boeing / United StatesThe F-15 family covers U.S.-origin Eagle air-superiority fighters, F-15E Strike Eagle attack aircraft, and export or modernized derivatives such as the F-15 Baz, F-15I, F-15S, and F-15EX. The catalog records its air-to-air, interdiction, long-range strike, no-fly-zone patrol, and evacuation-cover roles from the 1982 Lebanon War and 1990 Gulf War through Israeli, Saudi, U.S., and coalition operations in the 2020s.Detailed conflict use
B-52 Stratofortress, Long-range heavy bomber, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsB-52 StratofortressLong-range heavy bomberSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / Fire SupportBuilt: Boeing / United StatesThe B-52 Stratofortress is a Boeing-built U.S. long-range heavy bomber that carries conventional and nuclear ordnance, cruise missiles, mines, and precision-guided weapons. Its conflict record spans Vietnam-era Arc Light missions, Desert Storm, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, anti-ISIS operations, and later U.S. long-range strike deployments.Detailed conflict use
B-2 Spirit, Low-observable strategic heavy bomber, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsB-2 SpiritLow-observable strategic heavy bomberSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range StrikeBuilt: Northrop Grumman / United StatesThe B-2 Spirit is a U.S. Air Force low-observable strategic heavy bomber built by Northrop Grumman for long-range conventional and nuclear strike. Its flying-wing design, intercontinental range, and heavy precision payload made it a central JDAM carrier in Kosovo and a specialized option for later defended or deeply buried targets in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Yemen, and Iran strike operations.Detailed conflict use
MQ-9 Reaper, Medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicle, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsMQ-9 ReaperMedium-altitude long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicleSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting Support / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. / United StatesThe MQ-9 Reaper is a General Atomics medium-altitude, long-endurance remotely piloted aircraft built for persistent intelligence collection and precision strike. Larger and more powerful than the MQ-1 Predator, it combines satellite control, electro-optical and infrared sensors, laser designation, and weapons such as Hellfire missiles and guided bombs, making it a recurring U.S. and coalition platform in counterterrorism, maritime-security, and regional-strike operations.Detailed conflict use
F-16 Fighting Falcon, Multirole fighter aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-16 Fighting FalconMultirole fighter aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / Fire SupportBuilt: General Dynamics / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe F-16 Fighting Falcon is a U.S.-designed single-engine multirole fighter family used for air defense, air-to-air combat, suppression support, and precision strike missions. This entry covers the F-16C/D production branch requested by the F-16C designation alongside F-16AM/BM MLU aircraft documented from Kosovo and Libya to Ukrainian service.Detailed conflict use
Panavia Tornado, Twin-engine variable-sweep wing multirole strike aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsPanavia TornadoTwin-engine variable-sweep wing multirole strike aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / Fire SupportBuilt: BAE Systems / Airbus Defence and Space / Leonardo / Germany / United Kingdom / ItalyThe Panavia Tornado is a UK-German-Italian variable-sweep combat aircraft family developed for low-level strike, interdiction, reconnaissance, electronic-combat, and air-defense roles. Tornado variants saw direct combat use from the 1990 Gulf War through Kosovo, Iraq, Libya, Afghanistan, the anti-Daesh campaign, the 2018 Syria strikes, and Saudi-led coalition operations in Yemen.Detailed conflict use
19 remaining

Role

Interdiction

Disrupted enemy movement, reinforcements, logistics, supply routes, or staging areas.

8/20
A-10 Thunderbolt II, Close air support attack aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsA-10 Thunderbolt IIClose air support attack aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Anti-Armor / InterdictionBuilt: Fairchild Republic Co. / United StatesThe A-10 Thunderbolt II is a U.S. single-seat, twin-engine attack aircraft built around close air support, austere operations, survivability, and the 30 mm GAU-8/A cannon. Official U.S. military sources document A-10 use from the 1990 Gulf War through Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Operation Inherent Resolve, and later U.S. Central Command missions, while the A-10C modernization added digital cockpit, targeting, datalink, and precision-weapon capability to the original low-altitude support platform.Detailed conflict use
F-15E Strike Eagle, Dual-role strike fighter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-15E Strike EagleDual-role strike fighterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / InterdictionBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / Boeing / United StatesThe F-15E Strike Eagle is a two-seat U.S. dual-role fighter built for long-range interdiction, precision attack, and self-escorted air-to-air combat. Its conformal fuel tanks, targeting/navigation pods, radar, and two-person cockpit made it a night-strike aircraft in the 1990 Gulf War and a recurring U.S. and export-derivative strike platform in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Syria, counter-ISIL operations, and later Middle East crises.Detailed conflict use
Army Tactical Missile System / ATACMS, Short-range tactical ballistic missile, ArtilleryArtilleryArmy Tactical Missile System / ATACMSShort-range tactical ballistic missileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / InterdictionBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe Army Tactical Missile System, commonly known as ATACMS, is a U.S. solid-fuel short-range ballistic missile fired from M270 MLRS and M142 HIMARS launchers. Its family spans M39/Block I cluster-warhead missiles, extended-range Block IA rounds, and later unitary-warhead variants, with documented combat use by U.S. forces in the 1990 Gulf War and 2003 Iraq War, transfer to Ukraine for long-range strikes, and later U.S. maritime-strike use during Operation Epic Fury.Detailed conflict use
M270 MLRS, Tracked multiple launch rocket system, ArtilleryArtilleryM270 MLRSTracked multiple launch rocket systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Long-Range Strike / InterdictionBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe M270 MLRS is a tracked, armored multiple launch rocket system built around two launch-pod containers for guided rockets or tactical missiles. First used in combat during the 1990 Gulf War, it evolved from area rocket artillery into a precision-fires launcher for GMLRS, ATACMS, and PrSM-compatible M270A2 variants, with documented transfers and use contexts from Ukraine to Israeli operations.Detailed conflict use
Radio-controlled improvised explosive device, Improvised explosive device, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsRadio-controlled improvised explosive deviceImprovised explosive deviceSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Interdiction / Area DenialBuilt: Local fabrication by armed groups / VariousA radio-controlled improvised explosive device is an improvised bomb initiated by a radio or similar remote command link rather than direct victim contact. The type appears across insurgent roadside-bomb campaigns, with documented U.S. Army counter-RCIED responses in Iraq and Afghanistan and CAR reporting on Houthi-aligned RCIEDs recovered in Yemen.Detailed conflict use
GBU-16 Paveway II, 1,000-pound laser-guided bomb, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-16 Paveway II1,000-pound laser-guided bombSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / Interdiction / Fire SupportBuilt: Raytheon / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe GBU-16 Paveway II is the 1,000-pound member of the U.S.-origin Paveway II laser-guided bomb family, combining a Mk 83 or BLU-110-class bomb body with seeker, control, and airfoil kit components. It requires reflected laser energy from a designator rather than autonomous target search, and its documented record spans U.S. Navy carrier aviation, allied operators, and Saudi/UAE-led coalition airstrikes investigated in Yemen.Detailed conflict use
GBU-10 Paveway II, 2,000-pound laser-guided bomb, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-10 Paveway II2,000-pound laser-guided bombSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / InterdictionBuilt: Raytheon / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe GBU-10 Paveway II is a U.S.-origin 2,000-pound semi-active laser-guided bomb built around the Paveway II guidance-kit family. It combines a Mk 84-class or BLU-109-class bomb body with laser seeker and control surfaces, and direct sources document its use by U.S., Canadian, Belgian, and NATO aircraft from Desert Storm through Libya in 2011.Detailed conflict use
GBU-28 Paveway III, 5,000-pound laser-guided penetrator bomb, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-28 Paveway III5,000-pound laser-guided penetrator bombSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Long-Range Strike / InterdictionBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe GBU-28 Paveway III is a U.S. 5,000-pound-class hard-target penetrator bomb rushed into service for Operation Desert Storm and later retained as a specialized air-launched bunker-buster. GAO and Air & Space Forces sources describe a semi-active laser-guided weapon with a 4,400-pound-class penetrator warhead, while later GBU-28B/B and GBU-28C/B variants added GPS/INS guidance and the BLU-122 improved penetrator for all-weather hard-target attack.Detailed conflict use
12 remaining

Role

Area Denial

Made a zone dangerous or unusable for enemy forces, aircraft, ships, or vehicles.

6/6
M109A6 Paladin, 155 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer, ArtilleryArtilleryM109A6 Paladin155 mm tracked self-propelled howitzerSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Area DenialBuilt: United Defense / BAE Systems / United StatesThe M109A6 Paladin is a U.S. 155 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer that modernized the M109 family with onboard navigation, automatic fire-control, digital communications, and improved crew protection. The variant is documented in U.S. artillery missions in Iraq and later as a U.S.-supplied NATO-standard system in Ukrainian service, where it was paired with ammunition support vehicles for sustained mobile gun-line operations.Detailed conflict use
Radio-controlled improvised explosive device, Improvised explosive device, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsRadio-controlled improvised explosive deviceImprovised explosive deviceSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Interdiction / Area DenialBuilt: Local fabrication by armed groups / VariousA radio-controlled improvised explosive device is an improvised bomb initiated by a radio or similar remote command link rather than direct victim contact. The type appears across insurgent roadside-bomb campaigns, with documented U.S. Army counter-RCIED responses in Iraq and Afghanistan and CAR reporting on Houthi-aligned RCIEDs recovered in Yemen.Detailed conflict use
CBU-87 cluster munition, Air-delivered cluster munition, MunitionsMunitionsCBU-87 cluster munitionAir-delivered cluster munitionSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Interdiction / Anti-Armor / Area DenialBuilt: Aerojet Ordnance / Alliant Techsystems / Primex Technologies / United StatesThe CBU-87 cluster munition is a U.S. air-delivered Combined Effects Munition built around the SUU-65/B Tactical Munitions Dispenser and 202 BLU-97/B bomblets. It saw documented U.S. or NATO use in the 1990 Gulf War, Operation Allied Force, Afghanistan, and the 2003 Iraq War, while the related CBU-103/B added a Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser tail kit to the same CEM body.Detailed conflict use
Mk 118 Rockeye submunition, HEAT cluster submunition, MunitionsMunitionsMk 118 Rockeye submunitionHEAT cluster submunitionSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Anti-Armor / Area DenialBuilt: U.S. defense contractors / United StatesThe Mk 118 Rockeye is a U.S. high-explosive anti-tank submunition carried in Rockeye-family cluster bombs, including Mk 20, CBU-99, and CBU-100 configurations that release 247 bomblets over an area target. Its shaped-charge warhead and folding fins made it an anti-armor bomblet, while failed functioning creates unexploded-ordnance hazards after a strike. The submunition is documented through Rockeye use in Vietnam, the Gulf War, Kosovo, the 2003 Iraq War, and North Sinai, where Amnesty International linked an unexploded Mk 118 to Egyptian Air Force cluster-munition use during Operation Sinai 2018.Detailed conflict use
Explosively formed penetrator improvised explosive device, Improvised explosive device, MunitionsMunitionsExplosively formed penetrator improvised explosive deviceImprovised explosive deviceSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Anti-Armor / Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Area DenialBuilt: Improvised / Al-Qassam Brigades / Multiple countriesAn explosively formed penetrator IED is an improvised shaped-charge roadside or ambush munition that uses a concave metal liner to form a high-velocity penetrator. Documented examples in Iraq, Yemen, and Gaza show the same anti-armor concept adapted from crude copper-liner devices to disguised roadside arrays and Hamas Shawaz charges.Detailed conflict use
CBU-103 Wind-Corrected Munitions Dispenser, Wind-corrected munition dispenser, MunitionsMunitionsCBU-103 Wind-Corrected Munitions DispenserWind-corrected munition dispenserSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Area Denial / InterdictionBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe CBU-103 Wind-Corrected Munitions Dispenser is the WCMD-equipped version of the U.S. CBU-87/B Combined Effects Munition, pairing the free-fall cluster bomb body with a wind-correcting tail kit for more accurate delivery. Human Rights Watch reported CBU-103 use in Afghanistan and cited U.S. Air Force reporting that CBU-103s were among the cluster munitions used in Iraq.Detailed conflict use

Role

Anti-Armor

Used primarily against tanks, armored vehicles, or mechanized forces.

8/16
A-10 Thunderbolt II, Close air support attack aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsA-10 Thunderbolt IIClose air support attack aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Anti-Armor / InterdictionBuilt: Fairchild Republic Co. / United StatesThe A-10 Thunderbolt II is a U.S. single-seat, twin-engine attack aircraft built around close air support, austere operations, survivability, and the 30 mm GAU-8/A cannon. Official U.S. military sources document A-10 use from the 1990 Gulf War through Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Operation Inherent Resolve, and later U.S. Central Command missions, while the A-10C modernization added digital cockpit, targeting, datalink, and precision-weapon capability to the original low-altitude support platform.Detailed conflict use
M242 Bushmaster, 25 mm chain gun autocannon, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesM242 Bushmaster25 mm chain gun autocannonSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Anti-Armor / Frontline Assault / Force ProtectionBuilt: Northrop Grumman / United StatesThe M242 Bushmaster is a U.S. 25x137 mm chain-driven autocannon used as the main gun on Bradley and LAV armored vehicles and as the gun element in Mk 38 naval weapon systems. Its externally powered dual-feed design lets crews select ammunition types for direct fire against personnel, light armor, vehicles, and small surface threats; Bradley crews have used the weapon in the Gulf War, Iraq War, and Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
M136 AT4, Disposable shoulder-fired light anti-armor recoilless weapon, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsM136 AT4Disposable shoulder-fired light anti-armor recoilless weaponSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Frontline Assault / Anti-ArmorBuilt: FFV Ordnance / Saab Bofors Dynamics / Alliant Techsystems / Sweden / United StatesThe M136 AT4 is the U.S. designation for an Americanized Saab AT4, a single-shot 84 mm shoulder-fired anti-armor weapon issued as a disposable launch tube. It gives infantry a lightweight close-range option against light armor, bunkers, gun positions, and buildings, while the wider AT4CS family adds confined-space variants for different target effects. Ukraine has received AT-4 systems through U.S. security assistance during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
BGM-71 TOW, Heavy anti-tank guided missile, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsBGM-71 TOWHeavy anti-tank guided missileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Anti-Armor / Fire Support / Force ProtectionBuilt: Hughes Aircraft Company / Raytheon / United StatesThe BGM-71 TOW is a U.S. heavy anti-tank guided missile built around tube launch, optical tracking, and command guidance through a wire or later radio-frequency link. Developed by Hughes and now produced and upgraded by Raytheon, the family spans dismounted launchers, HMMWVs, Bradley and Stryker vehicles, light armored vehicles, and helicopters. Its record runs from helicopter launches in the Vietnam War through Gulf War, Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Yemen, and Ukrainian service or transfer evidence.Detailed conflict use
FGM-148 Javelin, Man-portable anti-tank guided missile system, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsFGM-148 JavelinMan-portable anti-tank guided missile systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Anti-Armor / Fire SupportBuilt: Raytheon / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe FGM-148 Javelin is an American fire-and-forget anti-tank guided missile system built around a reusable command launch unit and a disposable missile tube. Developed from the Army's AAWS-M / Tank Breaker lineage, it entered U.S. service in 1996 and remains notable for top-attack and direct-fire modes, an imaging-infrared seeker, vehicle-launch integration, and documented combat use from Iraq and Afghanistan to Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
RPG-29, Reusable shoulder-fired anti-tank rocket launcher, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsRPG-29Reusable shoulder-fired anti-tank rocket launcherSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Anti-Armor / Insurgent / Guerrilla UseBuilt: Bazalt / Soviet Union / RussiaThe RPG-29 Vampir is a Soviet-designed, reusable 105 mm anti-tank rocket launcher built by Bazalt for tandem HEAT and thermobaric rockets. Rosoboronexport describes it as a multiple-shot launcher with a 500 m sighting range and a 300-round lifespan, while reference sources place it in Soviet-era development and 1989 service entry. Its conflict record is strongest in close-range anti-armor and fortification attack reporting, including Hezbollah use in Lebanon, insurgent attacks on coalition armor in Iraq, Free Syrian Army imagery in Syria, Hamas anti-armor forces in Gaza, Houthi fielding in Yemen, and documented appearances in Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
L31 HESH round, 120 mm HESH shell, MunitionsMunitionsL31 HESH round120 mm HESH shellSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Anti-ArmorBuilt: Royal Ordnance / United KingdomThe L31 HESH round is a British 120 mm high-explosive squash-head projectile for rifled Royal Ordnance tank guns, including the Challenger 2's L30A1. RO Defence/Jane's describes it as a general-purpose round for armor, fortifications, structures, and possible indirect fire, while 2003 Iraq War reporting documents Challenger 2 HESH fire in a 2003 Basra-area fratricide incident.Detailed conflict use
M712 Copperhead, 155 mm laser-guided projectile, MunitionsMunitionsM712 Copperhead155 mm laser-guided projectileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Anti-ArmorBuilt: Martin Marietta / United StatesThe M712 Copperhead is a U.S. 155 mm cannon-launched guided projectile that gave standard howitzers a semi-active-laser precision round for tanks, fortifications, radar sites, and other point targets. Developed through Martin Marietta from early 1970s Army work, it saw documented combat use from Desert Storm to Ukraine, but its employment depends on laser designation, visibility, trajectory geometry, and compatible 155 mm firing weapons.Detailed conflict use
8 remaining

Role

Air Defense

Used to detect, deter, or destroy aircraft, helicopters, drones, or missiles.

8/11
F-15 family fighter aircraft, Fighter aircraft family, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF-15 family fighter aircraftFighter aircraft familySide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / Boeing / United StatesThe F-15 family covers U.S.-origin Eagle air-superiority fighters, F-15E Strike Eagle attack aircraft, and export or modernized derivatives such as the F-15 Baz, F-15I, F-15S, and F-15EX. The catalog records its air-to-air, interdiction, long-range strike, no-fly-zone patrol, and evacuation-cover roles from the 1982 Lebanon War and 1990 Gulf War through Israeli, Saudi, U.S., and coalition operations in the 2020s.Detailed conflict use
PAC-3, Hit-to-kill Patriot interceptor missile, Air DefenseAir DefensePAC-3Hit-to-kill Patriot interceptor missileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesPAC-3 is the hit-to-kill interceptor family for Patriot air-defense batteries, using active radar homing and direct-impact defeat against tactical ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, aircraft, and other high-value air threats. PAC-3 CRI gives Patriot launchers a dense 16-round loadout, while PAC-3 MSE uses a larger dual-pulse motor and control changes for greater defended battlespace; documented combat and transfer contexts include Iraq in 2003, Yemen, Ukraine, and U.S.-Qatari Patriot defense during the June 2025 Iran missile attack on Al Udeid.Detailed conflict use
MT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gun, Improvised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Air DefenseAir DefenseMT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gunImprovised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gunSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Captured, Seized & Recovered / Air DefenseBuilt: Kharkov Tractor Plant / Soviet state arsenals / Unknown / Soviet Union / ArmeniaThe MT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gun is an improvised tracked fire-support and short-range air-defense vehicle that combines the Soviet MT-LB multipurpose armored tractor with a twin 23 mm ZU-23 gun mount. Public records show the configuration in Iraqi, Russian, Ukrainian, Syrian, and Armenian or Artsakh service contexts, with documented examples ranging from an Iraqi wreck in Baghdad to vehicles destroyed, damaged, or captured in later wars.Detailed conflict use
Counter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system / C-RAM, Land-based close-in weapon system, Air DefenseAir DefenseCounter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system / C-RAMLand-based close-in weapon systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesCounter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system (C-RAM), also known as the Land-Based Phalanx Weapon System, is a U.S. close-in air-defense and force-protection system derived from the Navy Phalanx gun mount. Army and CJTF-OIR sources document LPWS/C-RAM use protecting bases and high-value sites in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria, while the shipboard Phalanx lineage also appears in Red Sea close-in missile defense.Detailed conflict use
MIM-104 Patriot, Long-range surface-to-air and ballistic missile defense system, Air DefenseAir DefenseMIM-104 PatriotLong-range surface-to-air and ballistic missile defense systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Raytheon / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe MIM-104 Patriot is a U.S.-origin, truck-mobile air and missile defense system built around phased-array radar, command-and-control vehicles, launchers, power generation, antenna masts, support vehicles, and PAC-2 or PAC-3 interceptor families. Developed from the 1960s SAM-D program, it evolved from aircraft defense into a high-value air and missile defense layer used in Desert Storm, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Yemen, Ukraine, Gulf base defense, and reported 2026 Iran-war drone defense over Bahrain.Detailed conflict use
Misagh-1 MANPADS, Man-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missile, Air DefenseAir DefenseMisagh-1 MANPADSMan-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missileSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Air Defense / Insurgent / Guerrilla UseBuilt: Shahid Kazemi Industrial Complex / IranThe Misagh-1 is an Iranian shoulder-fired, infrared-guided surface-to-air missile in the Chinese QW-1 design line. Open-source evidence outside Iran is strongest for reported 2003 Iraq War insurgent possession and Houthi QW-1-pattern display evidence in Yemen, but both lanes require care because Misagh-1, QW-1, and closely related patterns can be difficult to distinguish from imagery alone.Detailed conflict use
MIM-104E Patriot PAC-2 GEM/T, Patriot PAC-2 guidance-enhanced interceptor missile, Air DefenseAir DefenseMIM-104E Patriot PAC-2 GEM/TPatriot PAC-2 guidance-enhanced interceptor missileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air DefenseBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe MIM-104E Patriot PAC-2 GEM/T is the Guidance Enhanced Missile-Tactical interceptor in the Patriot PAC-2 family. It keeps the larger PAC-2 blast-fragmentation form factor while adding seeker and fuze improvements for tactical ballistic missile threats, and open sources tie GEM-T to Operation Iraqi Freedom, Saudi Patriot defenses in Yemen, and Ukrainian Patriot batteries in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
AN/TWQ-1 Avenger, Self-propelled short-range air defense system, Air DefenseAir DefenseAN/TWQ-1 AvengerSelf-propelled short-range air defense systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Boeing / United StatesThe AN/TWQ-1 Avenger, often captioned in Army imagery as the M1097 Avenger, is a Boeing-developed short-range air-defense system built around a HMMWV-mounted turret with two Stinger missile pods and an M3P .50-caliber machine gun. Boeing records first firing in April 1984 and first delivery on 1988-11-01, with more than 1,100 systems delivered by 2002. The system appears in the catalog through Gulf War service, Iraq War up-gun conversions, Ukrainian mobile air-defense use against Shahed drones, and U.S. coalition force-protection activity at Al-Tanf in Syria.Detailed conflict use
3 remaining

Role

Reconnaissance & Surveillance

Used to observe, locate, track, or monitor enemy forces.

8/17
F/A-18 Hornet (Tactical), Carrier-capable multirole strike fighter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF/A-18 Hornet (Tactical)Carrier-capable multirole strike fighterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / United StatesThe F/A-18 Hornet (Tactical) is the National Naval Aviation Museum's label for the original McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 A-D Hornet family, a twin-engine carrier-capable strike fighter that entered Marine Corps service in 1983 and U.S. Navy service in 1984. NAVAIR describes the Hornet as the nation's first all-weather fighter and attack aircraft; its documented combat record spans Libya, Desert Storm, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, and later coalition campaigns.Detailed conflict use
U-2 Dragon Lady, High-altitude reconnaissance aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsU-2 Dragon LadyHigh-altitude reconnaissance aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & SurveillanceBuilt: Lockheed Martin / Skunk Works / United StatesThe Lockheed U-2 Dragon Lady is a high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft built by Lockheed Martin Aeronautics' Skunk Works for imagery, signals, electronic, and measurement intelligence. First flown in 1955, it moved from covert Cold War overflights into wartime ISR over Vietnam, the Gulf, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, and later U.S.-Iran operations, with modern U-2S aircraft using the GE F118 engine and large modular sensor payloads.Detailed conflict use
SH-60B Seahawk helicopter, LAMPS Mk III naval helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsSH-60B Seahawk helicopterLAMPS Mk III naval helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Mobility & Logistics / Force ProtectionBuilt: Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe SH-60B Seahawk is the U.S. Navy's LAMPS Mk III shipboard helicopter, built around a Sikorsky airframe and mission systems for frigate, destroyer, and cruiser detachments. Navy, GAO, and USNI sources frame the aircraft as the helicopter element of an anti-submarine and anti-surface ship system, with Desert Storm surveillance use, later Operation Iraqi Freedom deployments, and torpedoes, Penguin missiles, AGM-114 Hellfire missiles, and crew-served guns documented in the SH-60B record.Detailed conflict use
M/AH-6M Little Bird, Light special operations helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsM/AH-6M Little BirdLight special operations helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Reconnaissance & SurveillanceBuilt: MD Helicopters / Boeing / United StatesThe M/AH-6M Little Bird family pairs a compact special operations helicopter with armed and troop-carrying mission fits: AH-6M aircraft provide close air support with guns, rockets, and missiles, while MH-6M aircraft move small assault teams into confined landing zones. U.S. Army history documents AH/MH-6 Little Birds in Somalia and AH-6 support at Hadithah Dam in Iraq; later open-source reporting tied M/AH-6Ms to a caveated 2026 United States-Venezuela Conflict support role.Detailed conflict use
AH-1W Super Cobra attack helicopter, Marine attack helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsAH-1W Super Cobra attack helicopterMarine attack helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Reconnaissance & SurveillanceBuilt: Bell / United StatesThe Bell AH-1W Super Cobra was the U.S. Marine Corps' twin-engine attack helicopter between the mid-1980s and 2020, bridging the AH-1T SeaCobra and the AH-1Z Viper. NAVAIR lists Bell as contractor and describes the type as an HMLA aircraft with T700 engines, a night targeting system, and a 14,750 lb maximum gross weight, while official Marine and Navy sources document AH-1W combat use from Desert Storm and Iraq to Afghanistan and Operation Odyssey Lightning in Libya.Detailed conflict use
P-3C Orion patrol aircraft, Maritime patrol aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsP-3C Orion patrol aircraftMaritime patrol aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe P-3C Orion is the armed maritime-patrol member of the U.S. Navy's land-based P-3 family, built by Lockheed for anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, mine warfare, surveillance, and overland ISR. Official Navy and wing-history sources tie P-3C service to Desert Storm, Kosovo, Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, and 2014 Operation Inherent Resolve, including Maverick and SLAM-capable configurations as the fleet later transitioned to the P-8A Poseidon.Detailed conflict use
MQ-9 Reaper, Medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicle, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsMQ-9 ReaperMedium-altitude long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicleSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting Support / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. / United StatesThe MQ-9 Reaper is a General Atomics medium-altitude, long-endurance remotely piloted aircraft built for persistent intelligence collection and precision strike. Larger and more powerful than the MQ-1 Predator, it combines satellite control, electro-optical and infrared sensors, laser designation, and weapons such as Hellfire missiles and guided bombs, making it a recurring U.S. and coalition platform in counterterrorism, maritime-security, and regional-strike operations.Detailed conflict use
RQ-11 Raven UAV, Small unmanned aircraft system, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsRQ-11 Raven UAVSmall unmanned aircraft systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: AeroVironment / United StatesThe RQ-11 Raven is a hand-launched AeroVironment small unmanned aircraft system for tactical ISR, derived from earlier Pointer-related work into a smaller backpackable design. The RQ-11A designation covered the early Raven air vehicle, while the RQ-11B/Raven B became the Army-selected upgraded SUAV with improved control-system, sensor, endurance, targeting, and interoperability features. Current AeroVironment material describes Raven B as a lightweight Group 1 system with a stabilized EO/IR payload, 10 km range, and more than 75 minutes of endurance, while 2023 U.S. Army reporting still described upgraded Ravens in training for reconnaissance and call-for-fire support.Detailed conflict use
9 remaining

Role

Targeting Support

Helped identify, designate, or correct fire against targets for other weapons.

8/10
F/A-18 Hornet (Tactical), Carrier-capable multirole strike fighter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsF/A-18 Hornet (Tactical)Carrier-capable multirole strike fighterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Fire Support / Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: McDonnell Douglas / United StatesThe F/A-18 Hornet (Tactical) is the National Naval Aviation Museum's label for the original McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 A-D Hornet family, a twin-engine carrier-capable strike fighter that entered Marine Corps service in 1983 and U.S. Navy service in 1984. NAVAIR describes the Hornet as the nation's first all-weather fighter and attack aircraft; its documented combat record spans Libya, Desert Storm, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, and later coalition campaigns.Detailed conflict use
P-3C Orion patrol aircraft, Maritime patrol aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsP-3C Orion patrol aircraftMaritime patrol aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe P-3C Orion is the armed maritime-patrol member of the U.S. Navy's land-based P-3 family, built by Lockheed for anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, mine warfare, surveillance, and overland ISR. Official Navy and wing-history sources tie P-3C service to Desert Storm, Kosovo, Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, and 2014 Operation Inherent Resolve, including Maverick and SLAM-capable configurations as the fleet later transitioned to the P-8A Poseidon.Detailed conflict use
MQ-9 Reaper, Medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicle, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsMQ-9 ReaperMedium-altitude long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicleSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting Support / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. / United StatesThe MQ-9 Reaper is a General Atomics medium-altitude, long-endurance remotely piloted aircraft built for persistent intelligence collection and precision strike. Larger and more powerful than the MQ-1 Predator, it combines satellite control, electro-optical and infrared sensors, laser designation, and weapons such as Hellfire missiles and guided bombs, making it a recurring U.S. and coalition platform in counterterrorism, maritime-security, and regional-strike operations.Detailed conflict use
RQ-11 Raven UAV, Small unmanned aircraft system, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsRQ-11 Raven UAVSmall unmanned aircraft systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: AeroVironment / United StatesThe RQ-11 Raven is a hand-launched AeroVironment small unmanned aircraft system for tactical ISR, derived from earlier Pointer-related work into a smaller backpackable design. The RQ-11A designation covered the early Raven air vehicle, while the RQ-11B/Raven B became the Army-selected upgraded SUAV with improved control-system, sensor, endurance, targeting, and interoperability features. Current AeroVironment material describes Raven B as a lightweight Group 1 system with a stabilized EO/IR payload, 10 km range, and more than 75 minutes of endurance, while 2023 U.S. Army reporting still described upgraded Ravens in training for reconnaissance and call-for-fire support.Detailed conflict use
AN/TPQ-53 multimission radar, Mobile multimission counterfire and air-surveillance radar, Electronic WarfareElectronic WarfareAN/TPQ-53 multimission radarMobile multimission counterfire and air-surveillance radarSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Force Protection / Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe AN/TPQ-53, commonly called Q-53, is a Lockheed Martin mobile active electronically scanned array radar that began as the Army's counterfire replacement for AN/TPQ-36 and AN/TPQ-37 Firefinder radars. Its baseline mission is to detect, classify, track, and locate mortar, artillery, and rocket launches in 90-degree or 360-degree modes, while software and open-architecture upgrades have extended the same family into counter-UAS, air-surveillance, and wider multimission radar roles.Detailed conflict use
AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar, Mobile weapon-locating counterfire radar, Electronic WarfareElectronic WarfareAN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radarMobile weapon-locating counterfire radarSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Force Protection / Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Targeting SupportBuilt: Hughes Aircraft Company / Raytheon / Northrop Grumman / United StatesThe AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder is a U.S. mobile weapon-locating radar built to detect, track, and backplot mortar, artillery, and rocket fire for counter-battery response. Hughes developed the original system, Raytheon and Northrop Grumman supported later Firefinder upgrade paths, and Ukrainian, U.S., and coalition use kept the Q-36 relevant well after newer counterfire radars entered service.Detailed conflict use
M4/M4A1 carbine, Carbine, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsM4/M4A1 carbineCarbineSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Frontline Assault / Force Protection / Targeting SupportBuilt: Colt / United StatesThe M4/M4A1 carbine is a U.S.-origin 5.56mm service-rifle family built around a shorter M16 lineage, a collapsible stock, and modular accessory mounting. Conflict-specific evidence documents M4-family use by U.S. forces in Iraq and Afghanistan, coalition and Iraqi partner forces during anti-ISIS operations, Philippine Marines at Marawi, Israeli wartime replenishment, and Ukrainian special-operations transition from Soviet-pattern rifles during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
LUU-2 illuminating flare, air-launched illumination flare, MunitionsMunitionsLUU-2 illuminating flareair-launched illumination flareSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Targeting SupportBuilt: Alliant Techsystems / Magellan Aerospace / United States / CanadaThe LUU-2 illuminating flare is a U.S.-origin, air-launched parachute flare family used for visible nighttime illumination from aircraft. Air Force manuals describe LUU-2/B and LUU-2A/B flares as 36-inch, roughly five-minute, 2-million-candlepower stores, U.S. procurement records describe later LUU-2D/B construction, and Magellan Aerospace manufactures LUU-2 flares in Winnipeg for Royal Canadian Air Force search-and-rescue use.Detailed conflict use
2 remaining

Role

Electronic Warfare

Used to jam, spoof, intercept, disrupt, or protect electronic signals and communications.

4/4
EA-18G Growler, Carrier-capable airborne electronic attack aircraft, Electronic WarfareElectronic WarfareEA-18G GrowlerCarrier-capable airborne electronic attack aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Electronic WarfareBuilt: Boeing / United StatesThe EA-18G Growler is a Boeing-built electronic attack derivative of the two-seat F/A-18F Super Hornet, fielded to jam, detect, and attack hostile radars, communications, and air-defense networks while retaining missile carriage for suppression missions. U.S. Navy and Australian Growlers provide carrier or land-based electronic warfare support, with early combat deployment in Iraq and Libya in 2010-2011 and later documented use in 2014 Operation Inherent Resolve, Red Sea operations against Houthi forces, and the U.S.-Iran strike context.Detailed conflict use
AN/ALE-50 towed decoy, Towed decoy countermeasure, Electronic WarfareElectronic WarfareAN/ALE-50 towed decoyTowed decoy countermeasureSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Electronic Warfare / Force ProtectionBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe AN/ALE-50 is a Raytheon airborne towed decoy countermeasure developed from Naval Research Laboratory work to draw radar-guided missiles away from combat aircraft. It entered production in December 1996, pairs a launcher/controller installation with expendable decoy canisters, and is documented on F-16, F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, and B-1B aircraft as a compact radio-frequency self-protection system used from Kosovo and Iraq to later U.S. air operations.Detailed conflict use
ALARM anti-radiation missile, Air-launched anti-radiation missile, MunitionsMunitionsALARM anti-radiation missileAir-launched anti-radiation missileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Electronic Warfare / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: BAe Dynamics / MBDA UK / United KingdomALARM is a British air-launched anti-radiation missile built for suppression of enemy air defenses, using pre-planned navigation, passive radar-emission sensing, and direct or parachute-loiter attack modes. RAF Tornados fired it in the 1990 Gulf War, Kosovo, and the 2003 Iraq War, while the Yemen record identifies later Royal Saudi Air Force use as a UK-supplied munition without proving a specific radar-kill engagement.Detailed conflict use
AGM-88 HARM, Air-to-surface anti-radiation missile, MunitionsMunitionsAGM-88 HARMAir-to-surface anti-radiation missileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Electronic Warfare / Long-Range StrikeBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe AGM-88 HARM is a U.S. air-launched anti-radiation missile family built to home on hostile radar emissions and suppress air-defense networks. The AGM-88B Block II/III line made the missile easier to reprogram and was fired in large numbers during the 1991 Gulf War, while later AGM-88C, AARGM, and AARGM-ER developments extended the family into U.S., NATO, Ukrainian, and Red Sea operations.Detailed conflict use

Role

Mobility & Logistics

Supported transport, supply, repair, evacuation, fuel, ammunition, or movement across terrain.

8/31
CH-47 Chinook helicopter, Heavy-lift transport helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsCH-47 Chinook helicopterHeavy-lift transport helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Boeing / United StatesThe Boeing CH-47 Chinook is a U.S. tandem-rotor heavy-lift transport helicopter family used for cargo, troop movement, casualty evacuation, aircraft recovery, and special operations. Official and archival records place Chinooks in Vietnam, the Falklands, Afghanistan, and Iraq, where the type's rear ramp, external sling-load capacity, and high-altitude lift made it a recurring battlefield mobility asset.Detailed conflict use
SH-60B Seahawk helicopter, LAMPS Mk III naval helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsSH-60B Seahawk helicopterLAMPS Mk III naval helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Mobility & Logistics / Force ProtectionBuilt: Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe SH-60B Seahawk is the U.S. Navy's LAMPS Mk III shipboard helicopter, built around a Sikorsky airframe and mission systems for frigate, destroyer, and cruiser detachments. Navy, GAO, and USNI sources frame the aircraft as the helicopter element of an anti-submarine and anti-surface ship system, with Desert Storm surveillance use, later Operation Iraqi Freedom deployments, and torpedoes, Penguin missiles, AGM-114 Hellfire missiles, and crew-served guns documented in the SH-60B record.Detailed conflict use
Black Hawk helicopter, Medium-lift military utility helicopter family, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsBlack Hawk helicopterMedium-lift military utility helicopter familySide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation / United StatesThe Black Hawk is Sikorsky's twin-engine medium-lift military utility helicopter family, developed from the U.S. Army's 1972 UTTAS requirement and fielded from 1978-79. The cataloged family covers utility, special-operations, armed, and HH-60G Pave Hawk rescue variants, with directly documented use from the 1993 Battle of Mogadishu to NATO combat search and rescue over Kosovo, U.S.-led operations in Afghanistan and Iraq, and Ukrainian Defence Intelligence Black Hawk missions during the Russia-Ukraine war.Detailed conflict use
MH-60S Sea Hawk helicopter, Multi-mission maritime helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsMH-60S Sea Hawk helicopterMulti-mission maritime helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation / United StatesThe MH-60S Sea Hawk is a U.S. Navy multi-mission helicopter derived from the Black Hawk/Seahawk family for shipboard logistics, search and rescue, special warfare support, mine-countermeasures, and armed maritime missions. NAVAIR describes the aircraft as sharing the MH-60R common cockpit while replacing legacy H-46D, H-3, and HH-1N roles; during Operation Epic Fury in the 2020 United States-Iran Conflict, MH-60S aircraft were documented aboard USS Abraham Lincoln handling flight-deck movements, cargo transport, and at-sea support.Detailed conflict use
Sea King, Multi-role maritime helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsSea KingMulti-role maritime helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Frontline Assault / Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Westland Helicopters / United KingdomThe Sea King is the British-built Westland WS-61, a licensed version of the Sikorsky S-61/SH-3 Sea King that first flew in 1969 and saw more than 340 aircraft delivered. Westland marks covered anti-submarine, airborne surveillance, commando transport, utility, and search-and-rescue work, with documented service from the Falklands War and Gulf War through Iraq, Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, and Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
SH-60 Seahawk helicopter, Shipboard maritime helicopter family, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsSH-60 Seahawk helicopterShipboard maritime helicopter familySide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Mobility & Logistics / Force ProtectionBuilt: Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe SH-60 Seahawk is the U.S. Navy's shipboard H-60 maritime helicopter family, spanning legacy SH-60B/F and HH-60H aircraft and the MH-60R/S successors now used from cruisers, destroyers, littoral combat ships, carriers, and other aviation-capable vessels. Navy and NAVAIR sources describe a family built around anti-submarine warfare, surface warfare, search and rescue, mine countermeasures, cargo lift, special operations support, and maritime force protection.Detailed conflict use
C-5 Galaxy, Strategic airlifter / transport aircraft family, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsC-5 GalaxyStrategic airlifter / transport aircraft familySide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Lockheed Martin / Lockheed-Georgia Co. / United StatesThe Lockheed C-5 Galaxy is a U.S. heavy strategic airlifter family built for outsized cargo, vehicle, and personnel transport. Its nose and aft cargo doors, kneeling landing gear, and intercontinental lift capacity made it a central U.S. mobility platform in conflicts from Vietnam-era evacuation airlift and the 1973 Yom Kippur War resupply through the Gulf War, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Operation Inherent Resolve.Detailed conflict use
C-130 Hercules, Tactical airlift transport aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsC-130 HerculesTactical airlift transport aircraftSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company / United StatesThe Lockheed C-130 Hercules is a U.S. tactical airlift family built by Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company for rough-strip operations, oversized cargo, airdrop, and theater logistics. Direct sources document Hercules transport use from Vietnam and Desert Storm through Afghanistan, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and the Mosul campaign, while the broader family includes gunship, tanker, rescue, special-operations, and electronic-warfare derivatives.Detailed conflict use
23 remaining

Role

Captured, Seized & Recovered

Captured, recovered, seized, interdicted, or otherwise documented as conflict materiel, especially where operational use is uncertain.

8/12
ZPU-4 anti-aircraft gun, 14.5 mm quadruple towed anti-aircraft gun, Air DefenseAir DefenseZPU-4 anti-aircraft gun14.5 mm quadruple towed anti-aircraft gunSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Captured, Seized & RecoveredBuilt: V. A. Degtyarev Plant (ZiD) / Various manufacturers / Soviet Union / Russia / China / Romania / North KoreaThe ZPU-4 is a Soviet quadruple 14.5 mm anti-aircraft gun built around four KPV/KPVT heavy machine guns on a four-wheel carriage. Museum, monitoring, and open-source records connect the Cold War gun to Vietnam War helicopter defense, Iraqi air defense, Libyan and Syrian pickup-mounted fire support, SPLA-N-held anti-aircraft positions in Sudan, and anti-Houthi Giants Brigades forces in Yemen.Detailed conflict use
MT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gun, Improvised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Air DefenseAir DefenseMT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gunImprovised tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gunSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Captured, Seized & Recovered / Air DefenseBuilt: Kharkov Tractor Plant / Soviet state arsenals / Unknown / Soviet Union / ArmeniaThe MT-LB with ZU-23 anti-aircraft gun is an improvised tracked fire-support and short-range air-defense vehicle that combines the Soviet MT-LB multipurpose armored tractor with a twin 23 mm ZU-23 gun mount. Public records show the configuration in Iraqi, Russian, Ukrainian, Syrian, and Armenian or Artsakh service contexts, with documented examples ranging from an Iraqi wreck in Baghdad to vehicles destroyed, damaged, or captured in later wars.Detailed conflict use
ZPU-1 anti-aircraft gun, Single-barrel 14.5 mm towed anti-aircraft gun, Air DefenseAir DefenseZPU-1 anti-aircraft gunSingle-barrel 14.5 mm towed anti-aircraft gunSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Air Defense / Captured, Seized & RecoveredBuilt: No. 2 Degtyarev Plant / Soviet UnionThe ZPU-1 is the single-barrel member of the Soviet ZPU family, mounting a 14.5 mm KPV heavy machine gun on a light two-wheel carriage. Cataloged evidence documents pickup-mounted militant use in Afghanistan, captured Iraqi and Islamic State examples, and Islamic State-Yemen technical-mounted use during the 2014 Yemen Civil War.Detailed conflict use
BMD-1, Airborne amphibious infantry fighting vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesBMD-1Airborne amphibious infantry fighting vehicleSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Captured, Seized & RecoveredBuilt: Volgograd Tractor Plant / Soviet UnionThe BMD-1 is a Soviet airborne infantry fighting vehicle built for paratroop units, combining a very light amphibious tracked chassis with the BMP-1-style 73 mm 2A28 Grom gun and anti-tank missile armament. Its hydropneumatic suspension and low combat weight supported airborne deployment, while the same design priorities left the aluminum hull protected mainly against small-arms fire and fragments. Cataloged conflict evidence spans Soviet use in Afghanistan, Russian and Iraqi wartime fielding, Russian airborne use in Georgia and Ukraine, and Ukrainian 25th Airborne Brigade service in Donbas.Detailed conflict use
MT-LB, Amphibious tracked armored personnel carrier and artillery tractor, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesMT-LBAmphibious tracked armored personnel carrier and artillery tractorSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Mobility & Logistics / Air Defense / Captured, Seized & RecoveredBuilt: Kharkov Tractor Plant / Soviet UnionThe MT-LB is a Soviet tracked, amphibious armored carrier developed as a light multipurpose tractor and troop/cargo vehicle. Its low silhouette, large production run, and adaptable chassis made it a common base for command, air-defense, ambulance, anti-tank, and improvised fire-support variants, including widespread use by both sides in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.Detailed conflict use
BMP-1, Infantry fighting vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesBMP-1Infantry fighting vehicleSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Mobility & Logistics / Fire Support / Force Protection / Captured, Seized & RecoveredBuilt: Kurganmashzavod / Soviet Union / Czechoslovakia / India / Poland / ChinaThe BMP-1 was the Soviet Union's first mass-produced infantry fighting vehicle: a tracked, amphibious troop carrier built around a 73 mm 2A28 Grom gun, a coaxial PKT, and the original 9M14 Malyutka missile rail. Its export scale and simple upgrade path have kept BMP-1 hulls in service from the 1973 Yom Kippur War to Ukraine, Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Caucasus.Detailed conflict use
9K52 Luna-M artillery rocket system, Artillery rocket system, ArtilleryArtillery9K52 Luna-M artillery rocket systemArtillery rocket systemSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Captured, Seized & RecoveredBuilt: SKB-385 Votkinsk machine-building plant / Soviet UnionThe 9K52 Luna-M, known to NATO as FROG-7, is a Soviet wheeled short-range artillery rocket system built around unguided 9M21 rockets. Its long post-export service record includes Syrian, Iraqi, Libyan, and Houthi-aligned use or fielding in conflicts from the 1973 Yom Kippur War through the Yemen war.Detailed conflict use
Type 86P hand grenade, All-plastic defensive fragmentation hand grenade, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsType 86P hand grenadeAll-plastic defensive fragmentation hand grenadeSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Captured, Seized & RecoveredBuilt: Chinese state ordnance industry / ChinaThe Type 86P, also described in Chinese as the 86式全塑无柄手榴弹, is a Chinese all-plastic fragmentation hand grenade standardized in 1986 with an ovoid body, striker-release delay fuze, and about 1,600 embedded steel balls. Technical references disagree on the explosive fill, while conflict reporting documents the type in Iraq weapons caches, Boko Haram-captured materiel in northeast Nigeria, and opposition-area Syrian arms-market listings.Detailed conflict use
4 remaining

Role

Force Protection

Protected troops, vehicles, bases, convoys, ships, or infrastructure from attack.

8/43
SH-60B Seahawk helicopter, LAMPS Mk III naval helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsSH-60B Seahawk helicopterLAMPS Mk III naval helicopterSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Mobility & Logistics / Force ProtectionBuilt: Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe SH-60B Seahawk is the U.S. Navy's LAMPS Mk III shipboard helicopter, built around a Sikorsky airframe and mission systems for frigate, destroyer, and cruiser detachments. Navy, GAO, and USNI sources frame the aircraft as the helicopter element of an anti-submarine and anti-surface ship system, with Desert Storm surveillance use, later Operation Iraqi Freedom deployments, and torpedoes, Penguin missiles, AGM-114 Hellfire missiles, and crew-served guns documented in the SH-60B record.Detailed conflict use
SH-60 Seahawk helicopter, Shipboard maritime helicopter family, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsSH-60 Seahawk helicopterShipboard maritime helicopter familySide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Mobility & Logistics / Force ProtectionBuilt: Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe SH-60 Seahawk is the U.S. Navy's shipboard H-60 maritime helicopter family, spanning legacy SH-60B/F and HH-60H aircraft and the MH-60R/S successors now used from cruisers, destroyers, littoral combat ships, carriers, and other aviation-capable vessels. Navy and NAVAIR sources describe a family built around anti-submarine warfare, surface warfare, search and rescue, mine countermeasures, cargo lift, special operations support, and maritime force protection.Detailed conflict use
PAC-3, Hit-to-kill Patriot interceptor missile, Air DefenseAir DefensePAC-3Hit-to-kill Patriot interceptor missileSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Lockheed Martin / United StatesPAC-3 is the hit-to-kill interceptor family for Patriot air-defense batteries, using active radar homing and direct-impact defeat against tactical ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, aircraft, and other high-value air threats. PAC-3 CRI gives Patriot launchers a dense 16-round loadout, while PAC-3 MSE uses a larger dual-pulse motor and control changes for greater defended battlespace; documented combat and transfer contexts include Iraq in 2003, Yemen, Ukraine, and U.S.-Qatari Patriot defense during the June 2025 Iran missile attack on Al Udeid.Detailed conflict use
Counter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system / C-RAM, Land-based close-in weapon system, Air DefenseAir DefenseCounter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system / C-RAMLand-based close-in weapon systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesCounter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar system (C-RAM), also known as the Land-Based Phalanx Weapon System, is a U.S. close-in air-defense and force-protection system derived from the Navy Phalanx gun mount. Army and CJTF-OIR sources document LPWS/C-RAM use protecting bases and high-value sites in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria, while the shipboard Phalanx lineage also appears in Red Sea close-in missile defense.Detailed conflict use
MIM-104 Patriot, Long-range surface-to-air and ballistic missile defense system, Air DefenseAir DefenseMIM-104 PatriotLong-range surface-to-air and ballistic missile defense systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Raytheon / Lockheed Martin / United StatesThe MIM-104 Patriot is a U.S.-origin, truck-mobile air and missile defense system built around phased-array radar, command-and-control vehicles, launchers, power generation, antenna masts, support vehicles, and PAC-2 or PAC-3 interceptor families. Developed from the 1960s SAM-D program, it evolved from aircraft defense into a high-value air and missile defense layer used in Desert Storm, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Yemen, Ukraine, Gulf base defense, and reported 2026 Iran-war drone defense over Bahrain.Detailed conflict use
AN/TWQ-1 Avenger, Self-propelled short-range air defense system, Air DefenseAir DefenseAN/TWQ-1 AvengerSelf-propelled short-range air defense systemSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Air Defense / Force ProtectionBuilt: Boeing / United StatesThe AN/TWQ-1 Avenger, often captioned in Army imagery as the M1097 Avenger, is a Boeing-developed short-range air-defense system built around a HMMWV-mounted turret with two Stinger missile pods and an M3P .50-caliber machine gun. Boeing records first firing in April 1984 and first delivery on 1988-11-01, with more than 1,100 systems delivered by 2002. The system appears in the catalog through Gulf War service, Iraq War up-gun conversions, Ukrainian mobile air-defense use against Shahed drones, and U.S. coalition force-protection activity at Al-Tanf in Syria.Detailed conflict use
Dzik, 4x4 armored patrol and infantry mobility vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesDzik4x4 armored patrol and infantry mobility vehicleSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Force Protection / Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: AMZ-Kutno / PolandThe Dzik is a Polish 4x4 armored patrol and infantry mobility vehicle family built by AMZ-Kutno for police, military-police, and light APC duties. Iraqi Dzik-3 vehicles, locally known as Ain Jaria-1, entered Iraqi security-force service during the 2003 Iraq War and were later documented among Islamic State-captured or destroyed Iraqi equipment in the 2013 War in Iraq. Polish Dzik-2 vehicles were supplied to Ukraine during the 2022 full-scale phase of the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, where open-source loss trackers later documented destroyed and captured examples.Detailed conflict use
M1117, 4x4 armored security vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesM11174x4 armored security vehicleSide: United States and coalition forcesRole: Force Protection / Mobility & LogisticsBuilt: Textron Systems / United StatesThe M1117 Guardian is a U.S. 4x4 armored security vehicle built by Textron Systems for military-police, convoy-security, patrol, and protected-mobility missions. It combines a wheeled armored hull, turret-mounted Mk 19 grenade launcher and .50-caliber machine gun, and mine/blast protection features that made it a protected alternative to lighter HMMWV patrol vehicles in Iraq and Afghanistan; U.S. security-assistance packages later supplied refurbished M1117s and ordered related MSFV/Commando Select vehicles for Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
35 remaining

Role

Psychological Impact

Affected morale, fear, public perception, propaganda, or symbolic meaning.

2/2

Role

Symbolic Weapon

Became politically, culturally, or visually associated with the conflict.

1/1

Role

Asymmetric Advantage

Helped a weaker or less conventional force offset a stronger opponent.

2/2

Role

Insurgent / Guerrilla Use

Used by irregular forces for ambushes, raids, harassment, or resistance warfare.

8/10
Misagh-1 MANPADS, Man-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missile, Air DefenseAir DefenseMisagh-1 MANPADSMan-portable infrared-guided surface-to-air missileSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Air Defense / Insurgent / Guerrilla UseBuilt: Shahid Kazemi Industrial Complex / IranThe Misagh-1 is an Iranian shoulder-fired, infrared-guided surface-to-air missile in the Chinese QW-1 design line. Open-source evidence outside Iran is strongest for reported 2003 Iraq War insurgent possession and Houthi QW-1-pattern display evidence in Yemen, but both lanes require care because Misagh-1, QW-1, and closely related patterns can be difficult to distinguish from imagery alone.Detailed conflict use
Magnetic or sticky anti-vehicle bomb, Improvised explosive device, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsMagnetic or sticky anti-vehicle bombImprovised explosive deviceSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Asymmetric Advantage / Psychological ImpactBuilt: Improvised / Locally Fabricated / Varies by userMagnetic or sticky anti-vehicle bombs are close-placement explosive devices fixed to a vehicle with magnets, adhesive, or direct manual placement so the blast occurs against the hull, chassis, or wheel area. The modern conflict record is strongest for improvised sticky IEDs used against vehicles in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Gaza, while the older British No. 74 sticky bomb shows the same attachment concept in a purpose-built anti-tank grenade.Detailed conflict use
Radio-controlled improvised explosive device, Improvised explosive device, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsRadio-controlled improvised explosive deviceImprovised explosive deviceSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Interdiction / Area DenialBuilt: Local fabrication by armed groups / VariousA radio-controlled improvised explosive device is an improvised bomb initiated by a radio or similar remote command link rather than direct victim contact. The type appears across insurgent roadside-bomb campaigns, with documented U.S. Army counter-RCIED responses in Iraq and Afghanistan and CAR reporting on Houthi-aligned RCIEDs recovered in Yemen.Detailed conflict use
RPG-29, Reusable shoulder-fired anti-tank rocket launcher, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsRPG-29Reusable shoulder-fired anti-tank rocket launcherSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Anti-Armor / Insurgent / Guerrilla UseBuilt: Bazalt / Soviet Union / RussiaThe RPG-29 Vampir is a Soviet-designed, reusable 105 mm anti-tank rocket launcher built by Bazalt for tandem HEAT and thermobaric rockets. Rosoboronexport describes it as a multiple-shot launcher with a 500 m sighting range and a 300-round lifespan, while reference sources place it in Soviet-era development and 1989 service entry. Its conflict record is strongest in close-range anti-armor and fortification attack reporting, including Hezbollah use in Lebanon, insurgent attacks on coalition armor in Iraq, Free Syrian Army imagery in Syria, Hamas anti-armor forces in Gaza, Houthi fielding in Yemen, and documented appearances in Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
Rifle grenades, Rifle-launched grenade family, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsRifle grenadesRifle-launched grenade familySide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Captured, Seized & Recovered / Insurgent / Guerrilla UseBuilt: Various manufacturers / Multiple countriesRifle grenades are a broad family of grenades projected from service rifles by rod, cup, spigot, muzzle-device, bullet-trap, or shoot-through launch methods. World War I examples extended infantry grenade reach with explosive, smoke, signal, message, and emerging anti-tank payloads, while postwar HEAT designs such as the British No. 94 Energa and U.S. M31 used shaped charges for short-range anti-armor fire. The cataloged conflict record spans rifle-launched use, recovered ammunition, and modern reuse of rifle-grenade munitions as drone payloads in Myanmar and Ukraine.Detailed conflict use
Sniper rifle, Scoped precision rifle, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsSniper rifleScoped precision rifleSide: United States and coalition forcesIraqi government and security forcesIraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Fire Support / Force Protection / Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Captured, Seized & Recovered / Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Training & Foreign AidBuilt: Various manufacturers / Multiple countriesSniper rifles are scoped precision rifles used by trained marksmen for observation, overwatch, and selective long-range fire. The record covers representative combat and supply contexts rather than one national design: U.S. Army fielding in Afghanistan and Iraq, U.S. security assistance to Ukraine, and Philippine government sniper positions during the 2017 Battle of Marawi.Detailed conflict use
Explosively formed penetrator improvised explosive device, Improvised explosive device, MunitionsMunitionsExplosively formed penetrator improvised explosive deviceImprovised explosive deviceSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Anti-Armor / Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Area DenialBuilt: Improvised / Al-Qassam Brigades / Multiple countriesAn explosively formed penetrator IED is an improvised shaped-charge roadside or ambush munition that uses a concave metal liner to form a high-velocity penetrator. Documented examples in Iraq, Yemen, and Gaza show the same anti-armor concept adapted from crude copper-liner devices to disguised roadside arrays and Hamas Shawaz charges.Detailed conflict use
PG-7VM rocket-propelled grenade, RPG-7 HEAT rocket-propelled grenade round, MunitionsMunitionsPG-7VM rocket-propelled grenadeRPG-7 HEAT rocket-propelled grenade roundSide: Iraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Captured, Seized & Recovered / Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Anti-ArmorBuilt: VMZ Sopot / STV Group / Soviet Union / Russia / Bulgaria / Czech Republic / Romania and other RPG-7 ammunition producersThe PG-7VM is an RPG-7-compatible high-explosive anti-tank round built around the smaller PG-7M-class shaped-charge grenade. VMZ Sopot and STV Group publish closely aligned data for a roughly 1.97 kg round with a 300 m direct-fire range, 500 m sighting range, and about 300 mm armor penetration; conflict evidence documents the round in PKK, Islamic State, and Iraqi insurgent stocks, usually as seized or photographed ammunition rather than a named firing incident.Detailed conflict use
2 remaining

Role

Training & Foreign Aid

Supplied mainly to train, equip, or support an allied or proxy force.

3/3
Sniper rifle, Scoped precision rifle, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsSniper rifleScoped precision rifleSide: United States and coalition forcesIraqi government and security forcesIraqi insurgent and militia forcesRole: Fire Support / Force Protection / Reconnaissance & Surveillance / Captured, Seized & Recovered / Insurgent / Guerrilla Use / Training & Foreign AidBuilt: Various manufacturers / Multiple countriesSniper rifles are scoped precision rifles used by trained marksmen for observation, overwatch, and selective long-range fire. The record covers representative combat and supply contexts rather than one national design: U.S. Army fielding in Afghanistan and Iraq, U.S. security assistance to Ukraine, and Philippine government sniper positions during the 2017 Battle of Marawi.Detailed conflict use
12-gauge shotgun, Shotgun, Infantry WeaponsInfantry Weapons12-gauge shotgunShotgunSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Training & Foreign AidBuilt: O.F. Mossberg & Sons / Remington / Winchester / Beretta / Mossberg, Remington, Akkar, and other manufacturers / United States / Italy / Turkey / other countriesThe 12-gauge shotgun is a broad family of shoulder-fired smoothbore firearms chambered for fixed shotgun shells. Modern 12-gauge guns span pump-action, break-action, and semi-automatic layouts, while documented conflict roles range from Ukrainian short-range counter-drone defense and Central African militia small arms to Islamic State recoveries; Haiti coverage is narrower because the cited reporting identifies gang-held pump-action shotguns without confirming gauge.Detailed conflict use
12-gauge slug, Single-projectile 12-gauge shotgun cartridge, MunitionsMunitions12-gauge slugSingle-projectile 12-gauge shotgun cartridgeSide: Iraqi government and security forcesRole: Training & Foreign AidBuilt: Remington, Federal Premium, Winchester, and other manufacturers / United States, Germany, and other countriesThe 12-gauge slug is a single-projectile shotgun cartridge family that includes Foster or rifled slugs, Brenneke-style attached-wad slugs, sabot slugs, and military duty loads such as A023. FBI Crime Laboratory Digest material distinguishes the Brenneke and Foster layouts, Remington and Federal publish current 1-ounce 12-gauge slug loads, and DVIDS records 200,000 slug rounds among ammunition delivered to Iraqi security forces during the 2003 Iraq War.Detailed conflict use