Aircraft & UAVs

MQ-9 Reaper

The MQ-9 Reaper is a General Atomics medium-altitude, long-endurance remotely piloted aircraft built for persistent intelligence collection and precision strike. Larger and more powerful than the MQ-1 Predator, it combines satellite control, electro-optical and infrared sensors, laser designation, and weapons such as Hellfire missiles and guided bombs, making it a recurring U.S. and coalition platform in counterterrorism, maritime-security, and regional-strike operations.

Conflict side
U.S.-led coalition and Afghan governmentU.S.-led coalition and partner forcesUnited States and Libyan Government of National AccordYemeni government and coalition forcesUnited States-led coalitionUnited States
Built by
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc.
Built in
United States
MQ-9 Reaper, Medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicle, Aircraft & UAVs

Service History

In service
Initial U.S. Air Force operating capability in October 2007
Used by
United States Air Force, United States Marine Corps, Royal Air Force, Italian Air Force, French Air and Space Force, Spanish Air and Space Force
Wars
War in Afghanistan, Operation Inherent Resolve, U.S. Campaign Against ISIS in Libya, Yemen Civil War, Red Sea Crisis, United States-Iran Conflict

Production History

Designer
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc.
Designed
First flown in 2001
Built by
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc.
Built in
United States
Unit cost
$56.5 million for a system including four aircraft, sensors, ground control station, and satellite link in FY2011 dollars
Produced
2000s-present
Variants
MQ-9A Reaper, MQ-9A Extended Range, Predator B
Developed from
General Atomics MQ-1 Predator

Specifications

Primary function
Intelligence collection in support of strike, coordination, and reconnaissance missions
Crew
Two remote crew members: pilot and sensor operator
Endurance
More than 27 hours for MQ-9A; about 34 hours for MQ-9A Extended Range
Payload
3,750 lb (1,701 kg) total payload according to the U.S. Air Force
Ceiling
Up to 50,000 ft
Speed
Up to 240 KTAS
Armament
AGM-114 Hellfire missiles and GBU-12, GBU-38, GBU-49, or GBU-54 guided bombs
Dimensions
66 ft wingspan, 36 ft length, and 12.5 ft height

Conflict Usage

War in Afghanistan
Side: U.S.-led coalition and Afghan government

U.S. Air Force MQ-9s operated from Kandahar Airfield in 2018 for deliberate strikes, close air support, and aerial reconnaissance during the post-2015 Afghanistan mission.

Operation Inherent Resolve
Side: U.S.-led coalition and partner forces

MQ-9 Reaper aircrews were heavily integrated into the 2017 Raqqah operation, providing close air support, tactical reconnaissance, overwatch, buddy lasing, and precision strikes against ISIS.

U.S. Campaign Against ISIS in Libya
Side: United States and Libyan Government of National Accord

MQ-9 Reaper aircrews supported the Libyan Government of National Accord and coalition partners during the August-December 2016 campaign to remove ISIS from Sirte.

Yemen Civil War
Side: Yemeni government and coalition forces

U.S. Central Command reported that a U.S. MQ-9 was shot down over Yemen on June 6, 2019 by a Houthi SA-6 surface-to-air missile assessed as enabled by Iranian assistance.

Red Sea Crisis
Side: United States-led coalition

A U.S. MQ-9 Reaper was confirmed shot down by Houthi forces off Yemen over the Red Sea on November 8, 2023, during the opening phase of the Red Sea shipping crisis.

United States-Iran Conflict
Side: United States

An American MQ-9 Reaper was reported as the drone that fired missiles into the Baghdad airport convoy killed Qassem Soleimani on January 3, 2020.

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