Conflict catalog

2014 Second Libyan Civil War: Weapons and Equipment

A factional war in Libya shaped by foreign-backed airpower, drones, air defense systems, armor, and proxy forces.

Libya's 2014-2020 civil war developed from rival post-revolutionary institutions into a foreign-backed contest between the Tripoli-based Government of National Accord and Khalifa Haftar's Libyan National Army. The war was fought across eastern Libya, the western coastal belt, Tripoli, and the Sirte-Jufra corridor, with the 2019-2020 Tripoli campaign turning into a test case for drones, air defense systems, foreign fighters, and embargo-violating resupply networks.

This catalog focuses on systems documented in the 2014-2020 Libyan Civil War between the Tripoli-based Government of National Accord and Khalifa Haftar's Libyan National Army.

The conflict is especially relevant for comparing foreign-supplied drones, air defense, aircraft, armor, and fire-support systems used around Tripoli and other contested areas.

58 weapon systems

Conflict Actors

Government of National Accord / Libyan National Army

Context

Status
Published catalog
Location
Libya, centered on the Tripoli front and Sirte-Jufra corridor
Countries
Libya
Regions
Tripoli, Western Libya, Sirte-Jufra corridor, Benghazi and eastern Libya
Domains
land, air, maritime, missile strikes, UAV, air defense, electronic warfare, border clashes

This catalog should be read as a focused sample of a wider equipment ecosystem. The connected Bayraktar TB2 entry reflects the GNA side of a conflict in which UAVs, air defense systems, electronic warfare, artillery, armor, aircraft, logistics hubs, and foreign resupply routes shaped the 2019-2020 Tripoli campaign. Public sourcing is uneven: UN and research-institute reports document broad patterns of embargo violations and foreign support, while individual weapon claims often depend on verified imagery, battlefield reporting, or sanctions-investigation detail.

Map

Libya, centered on the Tripoli front and Sirte-Jufra corridor

Open map

Map data from OpenStreetMap contributors.

Timeline

Key Events

  1. Operation Dignity begins

    Khalifa Haftar launched Operation Dignity from eastern Libya, helping turn Libya's post-2011 institutional crisis into an armed struggle between rival military-political blocs.

    Sources: Washington Institute Haftar Profile, OHCHR Libya Report

  2. Libyan Political Agreement signed

    UN-facilitated talks at Skhirat produced the Libyan Political Agreement, which the Security Council welcomed as the framework for a Government of National Accord.

    Sources: UN Security Council Resolution 2259

  3. LNA offensive targets Tripoli

    Haftar's LNA moved against western Libya and Tripoli, disrupting UN peace efforts and starting the campaign that dominates the catalog's 2019-2020 equipment record.

    Sources: CFR Libya Global Conflict Tracker, Security Council Report January 2020 Libya Forecast

  4. Berlin Conference sets a diplomatic framework

    International participants met in Berlin and backed a UN-led process, including arms-embargo commitments, a 5+5 military track, and a renewed push for a lasting ceasefire.

    Sources: UN Security Council Repertoire 2020 Libya, UNSCR Resolution 2510 Summary

  5. GNA retakes al-Watiya air base

    With Turkish support and armed UAV operations, GNA-aligned forces retook al-Watiya air base, a major LNA logistics and operations hub in western Libya.

    Sources: Al Jazeera Airpower Saved Tripoli

  6. Tarhuna falls after the Tripoli siege collapses

    GNA-aligned forces entered Tarhuna after the LNA withdrew from its remaining Tripoli positions, ending Haftar's 14-month attempt to take the capital.

    Sources: Al Jazeera Tarhuna Report, CFR Libya Global Conflict Tracker

  7. Permanent ceasefire signed in Geneva

    The 5+5 Joint Military Commission signed a permanent countrywide ceasefire under UN facilitation, creating the formal endpoint used for this conflict catalog.

    Sources: Al Jazeera Ceasefire Report, UNSMIL Ceasefire Agreement

Phases

May 16, 2014 - Dec 17, 2015

Fragmentation and rival armed blocs

Haftar's Operation Dignity in the east and heavy fighting in western Libya hardened the split between rival authorities, armed coalitions, and regional patrons.

Dec 17, 2015 - Apr 4, 2019

UN-backed GNA and unresolved dual power

The Libyan Political Agreement created the GNA framework, but rival institutions, militias, and external backers prevented a consolidated national security structure.

Apr 4, 2019 - Jan 19, 2020

Tripoli offensive and air war escalation

The LNA offensive against Tripoli shifted the conflict toward siege warfare, precision airstrikes, UAV reconnaissance and strike missions, and intensified foreign resupply.

Jan 19, 2020 - Jun 5, 2020

Foreign-backed counteroffensive

After the Berlin process began, battlefield support continued to flow; Turkish-backed GNA operations and LNA air-defense losses reversed the Tripoli campaign.

Jun 5, 2020 - Oct 23, 2020

Sirte-Jufra standoff and ceasefire

The front stabilized around central Libya after the LNA withdrawal from western Libya, leading to UN-facilitated 5+5 military talks and the October ceasefire.

External Support

The war became heavily internationalized. Reporting and UN-linked sanctions material describe Turkey and Qatar backing the Tripoli government, while the UAE, Egypt, Russia, Jordan, and Wagner-linked forces supported or enabled the LNA side. External support included UAVs, air-defense systems, electronic warfare equipment, armored vehicles, aircraft, artillery, foreign fighters, mercenaries, air bridges, and maritime shipments despite the UN arms embargo.

Images

Map of the 2019-2020 western Libya operation showing LNA and GNA areas of control
Wikimedia Commons map of the western Libya operation during the 2019-2020 Tripoli campaign.Rr016 and OpenStreetMap contributors via Wikimedia Commons | CC BY-SA 4.0 / CC BY-SA 2.0 map data attributionSource: Rr016 and OpenStreetMap contributors via Wikimedia Commons
Map of Libyan Civil War areas of control
Wikimedia Commons overview map showing Libyan Civil War areas of control.Beshogur and Wikimedia Commons contributors | CC BY-SA 4.0Source: Beshogur and Wikimedia Commons contributors

Weapons

2014 Second Libyan Civil War Weapon Systems

Category

Aircraft & UAVs

Crewed aircraft, drones, and loitering munitions.

8/12
Air Tractor AT-802, Agricultural and armed multi-mission turboprop aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsAir Tractor AT-802Agricultural and armed multi-mission turboprop aircraftSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Light attack aircraftBuilt: Air Tractor / United StatesThe Air Tractor AT-802 is a high-capacity American single-engine turboprop family spanning agricultural, firefighting, and armed derivatives. Its AT-802U and Longsword branches adapted the rugged crop-duster airframe for ISR, light strike, and austere-field operations, including documented use in Yemen, Libya, and Egypt's Sinai campaign.
IOMAX Archangel, Armed surveillance and light attack turboprop aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsIOMAX ArchangelArmed surveillance and light attack turboprop aircraftSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Light attack and armed surveillance aircraft supplied by the UAEBuilt: IOMAX USA, LLC / United StatesThe IOMAX Archangel is a U.S.-built armed surveillance and light attack turboprop based on the Thrush S2R-660/S2R-T660 agricultural airframe and developed after IOMAX's earlier AT-802 border-patrol aircraft work for the UAE. IOMAX markets the aircraft for low-cost armed ISR, counterinsurgency, border security, and precision strike from austere strips, and open-source investigations later documented UAE-linked Archangel operations in Yemen and Libya.
Mi-24/Mi-35, Attack helicopter and armed assault transport, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsMi-24/Mi-35Attack helicopter and armed assault transportSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Attack helicopter operations around the Misrata-Sirte frontBuilt: Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant / Rostvertol / Soviet Union / RussiaThe Mi-24/Mi-35 Hind family combines an armored attack helicopter with a small troop compartment, letting operators use one airframe for close air support, anti-armor fires, armed escort, and limited assault transport. The Mi-35M branch is a Rostvertol-built modern combat-transport line, while older and upgraded Mi-24/Mi-35 aircraft remain documented in Ukraine, Syria, Mali, Iraq, Myanmar, and other conflicts.
Aero L-39 Albatros, Jet trainer and light attack aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsAero L-39 AlbatrosJet trainer and light attack aircraftSide: Government of National AccordRole: Combat air mission during the Tripoli campaignBuilt: Aero Vodochody / Czechoslovakia / Czech RepublicThe Aero L-39 Albatros is a Czechoslovak two-seat subsonic jet trainer built by Aero Vodochody as the successor to the L-29 Delfin. The family became a Warsaw Pact and export training aircraft, while armed L-39ZO and L-39ZA variants added reinforced stores stations, cannon or missile options, and light-attack capability.
Warmate, Loitering munition, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsWarmateLoitering munitionSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Reported LNA loitering-munition employmentBuilt: WB Electronics / WB Group / PolandWarmate is a Polish electric loitering munition from WB Electronics/WB Group designed as a portable reconnaissance-strike system with interchangeable warheads, autonomous flight modes, and dismounted or vehicle-mounted launch options. WB Group says the system entered Polish Army service in 2017 and continues in production for Polish and foreign users; conflict records include Ukrainian strikes against Russian air-defense and radar systems, Indian use in 2025, and caveated photographed wreckage in Libya.
Mi-8/Mi-17, Medium twin-turbine utility transport helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsMi-8/Mi-17Medium twin-turbine utility transport helicopterSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Transport helicopter operationsBuilt: Kazan Helicopters / Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant / RussiaThe Mi-8/Mi-17 is a Soviet-designed medium utility helicopter family used for troop lift, cargo transport, evacuation, search-and-rescue, electronic-warfare, armed support, and helicopter-borne boarding roles. Its large production run, 4,000 kg payload class, current Mi-8AMT/Mi-8MTV-1/Mi-171/Mi-172 production branches, and wide export base make it a recurring rotary-wing platform across conflicts from Afghanistan and Syria to Ukraine and the Red Sea crisis.
Bayraktar TB2, Medium-altitude long-endurance UAV, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsBayraktar TB2Medium-altitude long-endurance UAVSide: Government of National AccordRole: Armed UAV strike and close air supportBuilt: Baykar / TurkeyThe Bayraktar TB2 is a Turkish MALE armed UAV built by Baykar for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and precision strike missions. Developed from 2012 and delivered to Turkish inventory in 2014, Baykar reports more than 1.25 million operational flight hours, and the aircraft became one of the most visible armed drones of the 2020s through documented use in Ukraine, Libya, Nagorno-Karabakh, the Sahel, Sudan, Somalia, and other conflicts.
Orlan-10, Medium-range reconnaissance and electronic-warfare UAV, Aircraft & UAVsAircraft & UAVsOrlan-10Medium-range reconnaissance and electronic-warfare UAVSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Recovered reconnaissance UAV attributed to LNA-aligned forcesBuilt: Special Technology Centre / RussiaThe Orlan-10 is a Russian medium-range unmanned aircraft built by Special Technology Centre for reconnaissance, artillery spotting, electronic warfare, and data-relay missions. It became one of Russia's most important tactical UAVs in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, while separate sources document Russian use in Syria and a recovered Orlan-type UAV tied to the LNA side in Libya.
4 remaining

Category

Air Defense

Systems that contest aircraft, missiles, helicopters, and drones.

5/5
MANPADS, Man-portable air-defense system, Air DefenseAir DefenseMANPADSMan-portable air-defense systemSide: Government of National AccordRole: Portable air-defense threat during the Tripoli campaignBuilt: Various manufacturers / Multiple countriesMANPADS are shoulder-fired or small-team portable surface-to-air missile systems used for very-short-range defense against low-flying aircraft and helicopters. This generic entry is reserved for directly sourced MANPADS, shoulder-fired SAM, or pattern-level conflict use where the public evidence does not identify a specific Strela, Igla, Stinger, or other missile model with enough confidence.
9M32 Strela-2 / SA-7 MANPADS, Man-portable surface-to-air missile system, Air DefenseAir Defense9M32 Strela-2 / SA-7 MANPADSMan-portable surface-to-air missile systemSide: Government of National AccordRole: Short-range air defense against LNA aircraftBuilt: KBM Kolomna / Soviet UnionThe 9M32 Strela-2, NATO SA-7 Grail, is a Soviet infrared-guided MANPADS whose compact shoulder-fired design spread widely through state arsenals, proxy forces, and armed groups. Its conflict record ranges from confirmed launch reports to delivery, capture, or displayed-materiel evidence in the Soviet-Afghan War, Ukraine, Syria, Libya, Sinai, Nagorno-Karabakh, and Gaza.
MIM-23 HAWK, Medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air DefenseAir DefenseMIM-23 HAWKMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: Government of National AccordRole: Airbase air defenseBuilt: Raytheon / United StatesThe MIM-23 HAWK is a U.S.-origin medium-range surface-to-air missile system built around acquisition radars, target illumination, and semi-active radar-homing missiles. Developed for mobile low- to medium-altitude air defense and repeatedly upgraded after its 1960 fielding, HAWK has a documented combat record from Israeli and Kuwaiti use to Turkish deployments and donated Ukrainian air-defense fire units.
Pantsir-S1, Self-propelled short-range surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft gun system, Air DefenseAir DefensePantsir-S1Self-propelled short-range surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft gun systemSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Short-range air defenseBuilt: KBP Instrument Design Bureau / RussiaThe Pantsir-S1 is a Russian mobile point-defense system that combines 57E6-family command-guided surface-to-air missiles, twin 30 mm 2A38M automatic cannon, target-acquisition radar, engagement radar, and electro-optical fire control on a wheeled combat vehicle. It is designed to protect military units, air-defense sites, infrastructure, and longer-range air-defense formations against aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, precision weapons, and UAVs, with documented or reported conflict relevance in Ukraine, Syria, Libya, Yemen, and Sudan.
2K12 Kub / Kvadrat / SA-6 Gainful, Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air DefenseAir Defense2K12 Kub / Kvadrat / SA-6 GainfulTracked medium-range surface-to-air missile systemSide: Government of National AccordRole: Improvised direct-fire airbase defenseBuilt: NIIP / Vympel / Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant / Soviet state arsenals / Soviet UnionThe 2K12 Kub, exported as Kvadrat and known to NATO as SA-6 Gainful, is a Soviet tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system built around 3M9 missiles, 2P25 launch vehicles, and the 1S91 Straight Flush radar. Its conflict record spans the 1973 Yom Kippur War, where Egyptian and Syrian SA-6 batteries became a central air-defense problem for Israeli aviation, and later legacy use or transfer in Ukraine, Syria, Nagorno-Karabakh, Libya, and Yemen.

Category

Armored Vehicles

Troop carriers, infantry fighting vehicles, and protected mobility.

8/8
Al-Wahsh armored vehicle, 4x4 armored personnel carrier / protected patrol vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesAl-Wahsh armored vehicle4x4 armored personnel carrier / protected patrol vehicleSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: UnknownBuilt: Jordan Light Vehicle Manufacturing / King Abdullah II Design and Development Bureau / JordanAl-Wahsh is a Jordanian 4x4 armored vehicle family developed by KADDB/JODDB and manufactured by Jordan Light Vehicle Manufacturing on a Tatra chassis. The baseline vehicle serves as a protected troop carrier and patrol vehicle, while displayed configurations include a 105 mm gun carrier and the sensor-heavy Al-Kaser reconnaissance and convoy-protection variant. Open sources document Libyan National Army use during the 2014 Second Libyan Civil War.
Spartan Mk III infantry mobility vehicle, 4x4 infantry mobility vehicle / light armored personnel carrier, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesSpartan Mk III infantry mobility vehicle4x4 infantry mobility vehicle / light armored personnel carrierSide: Libyan National ArmyGovernment of National AccordRole: Captured armored mobility assetBuilt: STREIT Group / AvtoKrAZ / Canada / United Arab Emirates / UkraineThe Spartan Mk III is a STREIT Group 4x4 infantry mobility vehicle built around a Ford F-550-based armored hull for protected troop movement, convoy security, and counter-terrorism work. The family includes the Ukrainian AvtoKrAZ-built KrAZ Spartan licensed derivative, with documented conflict evidence spanning Nigerian Army use and insurgent possession caveats, Libyan battlefield capture context, and Ukrainian KrAZ-Spartan service.
Panthera T6, 4x4 light armored personnel carrier, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesPanthera T64x4 light armored personnel carrierSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Foreign-supplied protected mobility vehicleBuilt: Minerva Special Purpose Vehicles / United Arab EmiratesThe Panthera T6 is a UAE-designed 4x4 light armored personnel carrier from Minerva Special Purpose Vehicles, built around a Toyota Land Cruiser 79-series chassis for patrol, border-security, internal-security, and troop-carrier roles. Open reporting documents the vehicle in Libyan National Army service during the 2014 Second Libyan Civil War and in Ukrainian service during the full-scale phase of the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
BMC Vuran, 4x4 multi-purpose armored vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesBMC Vuran4x4 multi-purpose armored vehicleSide: Government of National AccordRole: UnknownBuilt: BMC / TurkeyThe BMC Vuran is a Turkish 4x4 protected vehicle family built by BMC for troop transport, patrol, convoy security, and modular weapon-carrier roles. Official BMC data describes Vuran variants with a V-shaped monocoque hull, mine and ballistic protection, remote-weapon-station integration, 120 mm mortar and 107 mm multiple-rocket-launcher configurations, and modern Turkish service with export deliveries to Kosovo and Georgia. Conflict reporting documents Turkish-supplied Vuran vehicles with Government of National Accord forces in Libya and Turkish Vuran fielding in Syrian Civil War operations.
NIMR AJBAN, 4x4 protected light tactical vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesNIMR AJBAN4x4 protected light tactical vehicleSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Protected mobility around the Tarhuna supply hubBuilt: NIMR Automotive / United Arab EmiratesThe NIMR AJBAN is a UAE-built 4x4 protected tactical vehicle family used for patrol, escort, reconnaissance, logistics, and armoured personnel-carrier roles. Open-source evidence ties the family to LNA equipment captured during the 2020 Tarhuna collapse in Libya, UAE-backed ground operations in Yemen, and RSF-operated vehicles documented in Sudan with French-designed Galix defensive systems.
BTR-60, 8x8 amphibious armored personnel carrier, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesBTR-608x8 amphibious armored personnel carrierSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Protected troop transport and battlefield mobilityBuilt: Gorky Automobile Plant / Soviet UnionThe BTR-60 is a Soviet eight-wheeled amphibious armored personnel carrier that introduced the long-running BTR 8x8 layout later followed by the BTR-70 and BTR-80. Its BTR-60PB turreted model gave motorized troops a 14.5 mm KPVT/7.62 mm PKT armament fit, but retained thin armor and top-hatch dismounting that drove later redesigns and modernization programs.
BMC Kirpi, Mine-resistant ambush protected armored personnel carrier, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesBMC KirpiMine-resistant ambush protected armored personnel carrierSide: Government of National AccordRole: Protected troop transportBuilt: BMC / TurkeyThe BMC Kirpi is a Turkish mine-resistant ambush protected vehicle family built for protected troop transport under mine, IED, artillery, and small-arms threat. Reporting traces the program from a 2008-2009 development cycle to later Kirpi II upgrades, while the platform has appeared in Turkish counterinsurgency service, Turkish-backed Libyan deliveries, and Ukrainian wartime service.
Otokar Cobra, Wheeled infantry mobility vehicle, Armored VehiclesArmored VehiclesOtokar CobraWheeled infantry mobility vehicleSide: Government of National AccordRole: Mobile counter-UAV laser platformBuilt: Otokar / Turkey / RomaniaThe Otokar Cobra page covers a Turkish 4x4 armored mobility-vehicle family built for protected transport, patrol, reconnaissance, weapon-carrier, medical evacuation, and specialist mission roles. The record distinguishes the lighter original Cobra from the larger Cobra II branch, whose recent official context includes a 1,059-vehicle Romanian ATBTU program, local production at Medias, and more than 20 Cobra II users in 13 countries. The cataloged conflict record spans documented losses or captures in Georgia, Burkina Faso, and northeast Nigeria, Cobra II protected mobility and evacuation use in Ukraine, and a reported Cobra-mounted Turkish laser system in Libya.

Category

Artillery

Tube artillery, rocket artillery, and long-range ground fires.

6/6
PM-43, 120 mm towed heavy mortar, ArtilleryArtilleryPM-43120 mm towed heavy mortarSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Heavy mortar fire supportBuilt: Soviet state arsenals / Soviet UnionThe PM-43 is a Soviet 120 mm smoothbore heavy mortar, introduced in 1943 as a wartime development of the PM-38 and kept in service through exports, local copies, and legacy stocks. Direct conflict references place the M-43/PM-43 family with North Vietnamese forces in Vietnam, in Syrian Civil War mortar inventories, with Haftar-aligned forces in Libya, and in a Russian-controlled area of Luhansk during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
BM-21 Grad, 122 mm multiple rocket launcher, ArtilleryArtilleryBM-21 Grad122 mm multiple rocket launcherSide: Government of National AccordRole: Captured rocket artilleryBuilt: Motovilikha Plants / Soviet defense industry / Soviet Union / RussiaThe BM-21 Grad is a Soviet 122 mm multiple rocket launcher built around a 40-tube launcher on a wheeled truck chassis. In the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War it remains a common area-fire system on both sides, valued for rapid salvos and mobility but dependent on shoot-and-scoot tactics because the launcher is carried on an unarmored truck.
D-30 122 mm howitzer, 122 mm towed howitzer, ArtilleryArtilleryD-30 122 mm howitzer122 mm towed howitzerSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Towed artillery fire supportBuilt: Artillery Plant No. 9 / Soviet Union / RussiaThe D-30, also known as the 2A18, M1963, or Frog, is a Soviet 122 mm towed howitzer designed by OKB-9 under F. F. Petrov and built at Plant No. 9 in Yekaterinburg. Its three-trail carriage gives 360-degree traverse, and official U.S. Army support material describes the gun as still manufactured internationally and fielded by more than 60 countries' armed forces.
2S1 Gvozdika, 122 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer, ArtilleryArtillery2S1 Gvozdika122 mm tracked self-propelled howitzerSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Captured tracked artilleryBuilt: Kharkiv Tractor Plant / Plant No. 9 / Soviet UnionThe 2S1 Gvozdika is a Soviet 122 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer built around the 2A31 gun on an amphibious armored chassis derived from the MT-LB family. In the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War it remains a common short-to-medium-range artillery system for both Russian and Ukrainian forces, combining mobility, indirect fire, and widespread 122 mm ammunition compatibility.
2S3 Akatsiya, 152 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer, ArtilleryArtillery2S3 Akatsiya152 mm tracked self-propelled howitzerSide: Government of National AccordRole: Captured self-propelled artilleryBuilt: Uraltransmash / Soviet Union / RussiaThe 2S3 Akatsiya is a Soviet 152 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer built around the 2A33 gun and a turreted armored chassis. Designed for divisional fire support and accepted into service in 1971, it appears across Iraqi, Chechen, Syrian, Armenian, Libyan, Russian, and Ukrainian conflict records because large Cold War stocks remained in service long after newer self-propelled artillery entered use.
TRG-300 Kasirga, 300 mm guided multiple rocket launcher, ArtilleryArtilleryTRG-300 Kasirga300 mm guided multiple rocket launcherSide: Government of National AccordRole: Long-range guided rocket artilleryBuilt: Roketsan / TurkeyThe TRG-300 Kasirga, also marketed as the TRG-300 Tiger/Kaplan family, is a Turkish 300 mm guided rocket-artillery system built by Roketsan for long-range precision fires. The cataloged conflict evidence places it in Turkish service in Syria, in Turkish-supported GNA service context in Libya, and in Azerbaijani service during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.

Category

Infantry Weapons

Portable weapons used by soldiers and small units.

8/14
DShK, 12.7 mm heavy machine gun, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsDShK12.7 mm heavy machine gunSide: Government of National AccordRole: Improvised direct fire supportBuilt: Tula Ordnance Factory / Soviet state arsenals / Soviet UnionThe DShK is a Soviet 12.7 mm heavy machine gun designed by Vasily Degtyaryov and refined with Georgy Shpagin's belt-feed system. Built for anti-aircraft, anti-vehicle, and infantry support roles, the DShK/DShKM family spans Vietnam War helicopter defense, Soviet-Afghan War ambushes, modern technicals, and Ukrainian mobile counter-UAV teams using vintage heavy machine guns against slow Russian drones.
TM-62, Anti-tank blast mine, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsTM-62Anti-tank blast mineSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Tripoli mine warfare and booby-trap contaminationBuilt: Soviet and Russian state arsenals / Soviet Union / RussiaThe TM-62 is a Soviet family of circular anti-tank blast mines built around a central fuze well and a large high-explosive charge. Metal, plastic, wooden, and low-metal case variants appear in mine-action reporting, and the TM-62M/TM-62P3 are documented in current conflicts including Ukraine, Syria, Yemen, Libya, and Nagorno-Karabakh.
PMN-1/2/4, Antipersonnel blast mine family, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsPMN-1/2/4Antipersonnel blast mine familySide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Antipersonnel area denialBuilt: Soviet and Russian state arsenals / Soviet Union / RussiaThe PMN-1/2/4 family covers Soviet and Russian pressure-activated antipersonnel blast mines used to deny foot movement and injure personnel at close range. PMN-1 and PMN-2 are Soviet designs, while PMN-4 is a later Russian circular plastic-cased mine; conflict-use records now connect PMN-family mines to Ukraine, Libya, Nagorno-Karabakh-related minefields, and disputed PMN-2 incidents along the Thailand-Cambodia border.
OZM-72, Bounding antipersonnel fragmentation mine, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsOZM-72Bounding antipersonnel fragmentation mineSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Antipersonnel mine warfareBuilt: Factory 583 / Soviet state arsenals / Soviet Union / RussiaThe OZM-72 is a Soviet-designed bounding antipersonnel fragmentation mine that ejects upward before detonation and scatters fragments around the burst point. Human Rights Watch and Landmine Monitor reporting document the mine in modern clearance and conflict-use cases in Ukraine, Yemen, Syria, Libya, and Nagorno-Karabakh, making it a persistent explosive-ordnance hazard rather than only a Cold War stockpile item.
MON-100, Directional anti-personnel fragmentation mine, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsMON-100Directional anti-personnel fragmentation mineSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Tripoli mine warfare and booby trapsBuilt: Soviet and Russian state arsenals / USSR / RussiaThe MON-100 is a Soviet/Russian directional anti-personnel fragmentation mine in the larger end of the MON family. Technical references describe a circular metal-bodied, stake- or fixture-mounted mine with a 2 kg TNT charge, roughly 400 steel fragments, and command or tripwire-capable initiation. Monitoring groups identify MON-100 use by Russian forces in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War and by Russian mercenaries around Tripoli during the 2014 Second Libyan Civil War.
MON-series anti-personnel mine, Directional fragmentation anti-personnel mine family, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsMON-series anti-personnel mineDirectional fragmentation anti-personnel mine familySide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Tripoli minefields and booby-trap contaminationBuilt: Soviet state arsenals / Russian defense industry / Soviet Union / RussiaThe MON series is a Soviet/Russian family of directional fragmentation anti-personnel mines, including MON-50, MON-90, MON-100, and MON-200 patterns that project preformed fragments across a defined sector. Monitoring groups identify the family in Russian mine warfare in Ukraine and in Russian-linked Tripoli minefields in Libya, while the Nagorno-Karabakh record is narrower and rests on postwar MON-50 clearance reporting.
MON-50, Directional fragmentation antipersonnel mine, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsMON-50Directional fragmentation antipersonnel mineSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Tripoli antipersonnel mine emplacementBuilt: Soviet / Russian defense industry / Soviet Union / Russia / BulgariaThe MON-50 is a Soviet directional fragmentation antipersonnel mine broadly comparable in role to the M18 Claymore, with a plastic body, folding legs, and a forward fragmentation pattern. It can be command-detonated or configured with tripwire and other fuzing, making it a compact infantry obstacle and ambush munition. Direct monitoring sources document MON-50 use by Russian or Russian-aligned forces in eastern Ukraine, the full-scale Russia-Ukraine War, and the 2019-2020 Tripoli fighting in Libya.
MON-90, Directional fragmentation antipersonnel mine, Infantry WeaponsInfantry WeaponsMON-90Directional fragmentation antipersonnel mineSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Tripoli antipersonnel mine contaminationBuilt: Soviet / Russian defense industry / Soviet Union / Russia / BulgariaThe MON-90 is a Soviet-designed directional fragmentation antipersonnel mine and the 90 m member of the MON family between the smaller MON-50 and larger MON-100. Technical references describe a plastic-bodied, tree-spike-mounted mine with about 2,000 steel fragments, two M-10 threaded fuze wells, and command or tripwire initiation depending on setup. Direct monitoring sources place MON-90 mines in Russian use in Ukraine after the 2022 invasion and in Russian-linked Tripoli mine contamination during the Second Libyan Civil War.
6 remaining

Category

Munitions

Standalone missiles, bombs, rockets, torpedoes, and guided or unguided explosive payloads.

7/7
120 mm HE M62P8 mortar shell, 120 mm high-explosive mortar shell, MunitionsMunitions120 mm HE M62P8 mortar shell120 mm high-explosive mortar shellSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Embargo-violating ammunition transferBuilt: Yugoimport SDPR / Krušik / SerbiaThe 120 mm HE M62P8 is a Yugoslav-origin high-explosive mortar shell for 120 mm mortars, documented by Yugoimport with 606 mm overall length, 12.6 kg mass, TNT fill, and a UTU/M93P1 superquick-delay fuze. In Libya, a UN Panel of Experts report listed Krušik 120 mm M62P8 mortar bombs as an ammunition-transfer violation for Hafter-affiliated forces during the 2014 Second Libyan Civil War.
9M22U / M-21OF Grad rocket, 122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocket, MunitionsMunitions9M22U / M-21OF Grad rocket122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocketSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Unguided rocket artillery strikesBuilt: State Research and Production Association Splav / licensed producers / Soviet Union / Russia / Bulgaria / Romania / CzechoslovakiaThe 9M22U / M-21OF is the standard Soviet 122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocket associated with the BM-21 Grad family. Missilery identifies it as the M-21OF unguided rocket and traces licensed production to Bulgaria, Romania, and Czechoslovakia, while direct conflict sources document 9M22U use in Libya, Mali, and northeast Nigeria.
Cluster munition, Area-effect bomb, shell, or rocket payload, MunitionsMunitionsCluster munitionArea-effect bomb, shell, or rocket payloadSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Area-denial air-delivered strike munitionBuilt: Various manufacturers / Multiple countriesCluster munitions are conventional weapons designed to disperse multiple explosive submunitions from bombs, artillery shells, rockets, or missiles. Their wide-area effect made them militarily useful, but unexploded remnants and civilian-harm concerns drove the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions ban for states parties.
Improvised explosive device, Improvised explosive device, MunitionsMunitionsImprovised explosive deviceImprovised explosive deviceSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Retreat-area IED and mine emplacementBuilt: Local fabrication by armed groups / VariousImprovised explosive devices are field-built bombs assembled from commercial, homemade, or military components and triggers. The documented family spans roadside and pressure-plate bombs, vehicle-borne suicide devices, radio-controlled charges, water-borne attack craft, booby traps, and repurposed ordnance across insurgent, terrorist, and state use cases.
MAM-L guided bomb, Laser-guided smart micro munition, MunitionsMunitionsMAM-L guided bombLaser-guided smart micro munitionSide: Government of National AccordRole: UAV-delivered precision strike support for GNA operationsBuilt: Roketsan / TurkeyThe MAM-L is a Turkish laser-guided smart micro munition built by Roketsan for UAVs and light attack aircraft. Official Roketsan data lists a 22 kg, 160 mm weapon with laser guidance, alternative warheads, and a 15 km range, while conflict reporting documents MAM-L use from Bayraktar TB2-class armed drones in Syria, Libya, Nagorno-Karabakh, Ukraine, Somalia, and Tigray.

Category

Naval Systems

Warships, submarines, unmanned surface vessels, naval craft, and maritime combat systems.

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Project 1234 Ovod / Nanuchka-class missile corvette, Guided missile corvette family, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsProject 1234 Ovod / Nanuchka-class missile corvetteGuided missile corvette familySide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Harbor-based missile corvette combat lossBuilt: Almaz Shipyard / Vympel Shipyard / Soviet UnionProject 1234 Ovod, known in NATO reporting as the Nanuchka class, is a Soviet guided-missile corvette family built around a compact high-speed hull with heavy anti-ship missile armament. Soviet Project 1234 and 12341 ships carried P-120 Malakhit missiles and an Osa-M point-defense launcher, while export Project 1234E boats carried P-15/P-20 Termit missiles; documented combat losses connect Libyan export hulls to the 1986 Gulf of Sidra fighting, NATO's 2011 Libya campaign, and the 2014 Benghazi fighting.

Category

Support Equipment

Transport, logistics, recovery, command, engineering, and other enabling equipment.

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EO/IR Pod, Electro-optical/infrared airborne sensor pod, Support EquipmentSupport EquipmentEO/IR PodElectro-optical/infrared airborne sensor podSide: Government of National AccordRole: UAV sensor payload for armed reconnaissanceBuilt: L3Harris WESCAM / Canada / United StatesEO/IR Pod is a support-equipment entry for airborne electro-optical and infrared sensor pods used to find, track, and designate targets from aircraft and UAVs. The page centers on source-backed examples: Canadian WESCAM sensors assessed on Turkish UAVs in Nagorno-Karabakh, Libya, and Syria; Aero's L-39 Skyfox mission fit showing an EO/IR pod; and the U.S. Coast Guard HC-130J's nose-mounted EO/IR pod. Because carrier publications often name the function rather than a specific model, the relationship notes separate identified WESCAM MX-series evidence from generic EO/IR-pod references.
Il-76, Heavy military transport aircraft, Support EquipmentSupport EquipmentIl-76Heavy military transport aircraftSide: Government of National AccordLibyan National ArmyRole: Embargo-era airlift and military cargo transportBuilt: Ilyushin / Tashkent Aviation Production Association / Aviastar-SP / Soviet Union / Uzbekistan / RussiaThe Il-76 is a Soviet-designed heavy transport aircraft known by NATO as Candid, built for cargo, troop movement, and rough-field operations. First flown in 1971 and still in service through modernized variants, it appears in wartime airlift, embargo-era resupply, and theater logistics roles from Afghanistan and Libya to Ukraine, Syria, and Sudan.
An-26, Twin-engine tactical transport aircraft, Support EquipmentSupport EquipmentAn-26Twin-engine tactical transport aircraftSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Cargo and resupply aircraftBuilt: Antonov Design Bureau / Soviet Union / UkraineThe An-26 is an Antonov-designed twin-turboprop tactical transport built around a rear cargo door and pressure ramp for rapid loading, parachute drops, and military cargo movement. Antonov records Kyiv production from 1969 to 1986, while conflict evidence places the type in Ukrainian, Syrian, Russian, Sudanese, and Libyan transport, resupply, improvised-bomber, and aircraft-loss contexts.

Category

Tanks

Heavy armor built around direct fire, protection, and battlefield shock.

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T-62, Main battle tank, TanksTanksT-62Main battle tankSide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Armored direct fire supportBuilt: Uralvagonzavod / Soviet UnionThe T-62 is a Soviet main battle tank built around a 115 mm U-5TS/2A20 smoothbore gun, a four-person crew, and a conventional tracked armor layout inherited from the T-54/T-55 design line. Produced in large numbers by Uralvagonzavod, it moved from Cold War export and Soviet service into long-tail combat use: Egyptian and Iraqi T-62s appear in 1970s and 1991 conflict records, while upgraded or inherited T-62M/T-62MV stocks reappeared in Syria, Libya, Ukraine, Tigray, and Yemen.
T-54/T-55, Main battle tank / medium tank family, TanksTanksT-54/T-55Main battle tank / medium tank familySide: Libyan National ArmyRole: Captured armored inventoryBuilt: Uralvagonzavod / Kharkiv Locomotive Factory / Various manufacturers / Soviet Union / Poland / CzechoslovakiaThe T-54/T-55 is a Soviet tank family built around a low-profile tracked hull, four-person crew, and 100 mm D-10-series gun. It became one of the most widely produced tank families of the Cold War, with Soviet and licensed production spreading across Warsaw Pact and partner states. Direct conflict sourcing traces the family from North Vietnamese T-54 use in the 1975 fall of Saigon and Iraqi T-55s in the Gulf War to recent secondary fire-support, capture, and loss contexts in Ukraine, Yemen, Libya, Syria, Nagorno-Karabakh, Nigeria, and Sudan.

Conflict Sources

UN and research-institute sources are strongest for political milestones, embargo patterns, and broad equipment categories. Individual battlefield equipment claims in Libya often rely on open-source imagery, partisan reporting, or sanctions investigations, so this conflict page keeps weapon-specific statements limited to systems directly sourced in catalog entries.

  • Washington Institute Haftar ProfilePublisher: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy | Note: Supports the May 2014 start of Operation Dignity and Haftar's eastern Libya military role. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • OHCHR Libya ReportPublisher: ICRC Casebook / OHCHR | Note: Supports early conflict background, including Operation Dignity in eastern Libya and fighting in western Libya. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • UN Security Council Resolution 2259Publisher: United Nations Security Council | Note: Supports the 17 December 2015 Libyan Political Agreement and the Government of National Accord framework. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • CFR Libya Global Conflict TrackerPublisher: Council on Foreign Relations | Note: Supports conflict overview, Tripoli offensive context, Turkish support, GNA June 2020 breakthrough, and ceasefire framing. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • Security Council Report January 2020 Libya ForecastPublisher: Security Council Report | Note: Supports the April 2019 LNA offensive against Tripoli and the stalled front before the Berlin process. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • UN Security Council Repertoire 2020 LibyaPublisher: United Nations Security Council | Note: Supports the Berlin Conference, Security Council resolution 2510, arms-embargo commitments, and the October 2020 ceasefire context. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • UNSCR Resolution 2510 SummaryPublisher: UNSCR | Note: Readable summary of Security Council resolution 2510 endorsing the Berlin Conference conclusions. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • Al Jazeera Airpower Saved TripoliPublisher: Al Jazeera | Note: Supports the UAV, air-defense, electronic-warfare, al-Watiya, Bayraktar TB2, Wing Loong, and Pantsir context in the Tripoli campaign. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • Al Jazeera Tarhuna ReportPublisher: Al Jazeera | Note: Supports the June 2020 fall of Tarhuna and collapse of the LNA's Tripoli offensive. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • Al Jazeera Ceasefire ReportPublisher: Al Jazeera | Note: Supports the 23 October 2020 permanent ceasefire signed through the 5+5 Joint Military Commission. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • UNSMIL Ceasefire AgreementPublisher: United Nations Support Mission in Libya | Note: Primary ceasefire agreement text for the 23 October 2020 endpoint. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • UN Libya Panel of Experts ReportsPublisher: United Nations Security Council | Note: Supports source trail for UN Panel of Experts reporting on sanctions and arms-embargo violations. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • AP Libya Embargo Violations ReportPublisher: The Washington Post / Associated Press | Note: Supports external-support summary on foreign backers, arms transfers, Wagner-linked support, and embargo-violation patterns. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • Africa Center Libya Geostrategic DimensionsPublisher: Africa Center for Strategic Studies | Note: Supports internationalization, airstrike, drone, air-defense, mercenary, and external-support context. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • New America Abu Dhabi ExpressPublisher: New America | Note: Supports Russia-UAE-Wagner, Pantsir, Turkish drone, and Tripoli campaign sourcing limits. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • Western Libya Operation MapPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance and license for the western Libya operation map. | Accessed: 2026-06-20
  • Libyan Civil War MapPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance and license for the Libyan Civil War overview map. | Accessed: 2026-06-20