9M22U / M-21OF Grad rocket

Also known as

9M22U
M-21OF
M-21-OF
M-21OF DB-1B
122 mm 9M22U
122 mm M-21OF

The 9M22U / M-21OF is a Soviet 122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocket developed for the BM-21 Grad family and later built in licensed production lines. Missilery identifies it as the M-21OF unguided rocket, while Forecast International describes the 9M22U as the BM-21's long rocket with a 20.38 km maximum range.

9M22U / M-21OF Grad rocket, 122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocket, Munitions

Image source: MVRsimulation 9M22U.RU.green

Profile / Specs

Profile

Origin: Soviet Union
Built by: State Research and Production Association Splavlicensed producers
Built in: Soviet UnionRussiaBulgariaRomaniaCzechoslovakia
Type: 122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocket
Service note: Cold War-era Grad-family rocket in continued licensed production
Designed: 1960s
Produced: 1964-present in Soviet, licensed, and later production lines

artillery rocket unguided he-fragmentation

Specifications

Caliber: 122 mm
Length: 2.87 m with fuse
Weight: 66 kg
Warhead: High-explosive fragmentation
Range: 20.4 km maximum
Velocity: 690 m/s maximum
Propellant charge: 20.45 kg

Launch Platforms

Missilery describes the M-21OF / 9M22U as a standard rocket in the Grad field rocket system.

Launcher

Launcher type

Launch evidence

BM-21 Grad, 122 mm multiple rocket launcher, Artillery

122 mm multiple rocket launcher

Missilery identifies the M-21OF (9M22U) as a standard rocket for the Grad field rocket system, and Forecast International lists the M-21-OF DB-1B (9M22U) as the BM-21's long rocket.

Sources: M-21 Field rocket system - Missilery.info, BM-21 122mm Multiple Launch Rocket System

Service And Conflict Use

Service History

In service: Grad-family service from the Soviet period onward

Media

9M22U / M-21OF Grad rocket Images

9M22U / M-21OF Grad rocket, 122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocket, Munitions - view 1 — Source: Unexploded 122 mm MRL Projectile Image

9M22U / M-21OF Grad rocket, 122 mm high-explosive fragmentation rocket, Munitions - view 2 — Source: Soviet 122 mm Artillery Rocket Image

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Sources

M-21 Field rocket system - Missilery.infoPublisher: Missilery.info | Note: Supports the 9M22U / M-21OF designation, rocket dimensions, warhead class, range, velocity, propellant charge, and licensed production context. | Accessed: 2026-06-27 BM-21 122mm Multiple Launch Rocket SystemPublisher: Forecast International | Note: Supports the M-21-OF DB-1B (9M22U) long rocket designation, BM-21 compatibility, and range data. | Accessed: 2026-06-27 RFAS 122 mm BM-21 Grad series rocketsPublisher: Milzo | Note: Supports the BM-21 Grad rocket series producer as State Research and Production Association Splav at Tula and identifies the 9M22U / M-21OF rocket within the series. | Accessed: 2026-06-27 MVRsimulation 9M22U.RU.greenPublisher: MVRsimulation | Note: Supports image provenance for a 9M22U.RU.green model render of the rocket. | Accessed: 2026-06-27 Unexploded 122 mm MRL Projectile ImagePublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for a public-domain photograph of a 122 mm BM-21 Grad projectile. | Accessed: 2026-06-27 Soviet 122 mm Artillery Rocket ImagePublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for a public-domain photograph of a Soviet 122 mm artillery rocket used in BM-21 Grad launchers. | Accessed: 2026-06-27