The 122 mm 9M28F is a Soviet-era high-explosive fragmentation Grad-family rocket developed by Splav for 122 mm multiple rocket launchers, including the Grad-1 line. Reference sources describe a 21 kg fragmentation warhead, a 15 km maximum range, and 3,440 pre-fragmented or semi-ready fragments, while open-source reporting documents captured 9M28F rockets with a Russian BM-21 in Ukraine.
Documented as captured Russian rocket-artillery ammunition: open-source battlefield reporting mirrored by MILMAG said Ukrainian troops captured a Russian BM-21 Grad launcher and more than 70 9M28F Grad rockets on 2022-04-01; the cited report supports capture, not confirmed firing.
Role detailsThe 9M28 designation covers different short-range Grad-family 122 mm rockets; this page covers the HE-fragmentation 9M28F, while the related 9M28K carries anti-tank mines.
| Variant | Configuration | Designation notes |
|---|---|---|
 | Mine-laying 9M28 family rocket | Deagel groups 9M28K and 9M28F under the 9M28 rocket family; the 9M28K variant carries three PTM-3 anti-tank mines rather than the 9M28F fragmentation warhead. Sources: Deagel 9M28 |
Sources place the 9M28F / 9M28F-1 in the 122 mm Grad-family ammunition set, including Grad-1 and BM-21 launcher compatibility.
| Launcher | Launcher type | Launch evidence |
|---|---|---|
 | 122 mm multiple rocket launcher | Atlas states that the 122 mm 9M28F "GRAD-1" rocket is fired from a BM-21 Grad multiple-launch rocket system; Fenix Insight describes the 9M28F-1 as developed for the 9K55-1 Grad-1 MLRS. |
The 9M28F sits in the shorter-range 122 mm Grad rocket family rather than the longer 9M22U / M-21OF standard rocket line. The table separates the supported designation claims from the narrower conflict-use evidence.
| Topic | Source-backed detail | Reader caution |
|---|---|---|
| Warhead and range | Deagel lists the 9M28F as a 122 mm HE-fragmentation rocket with a 21 kg warhead and 15,000 m maximum range. | The source is technical reference data, not conflict-use evidence. |
| Grad-1 relationship | Fenix Insight identifies 9M28F-1 as developed for the 9K55-1 Grad-1 MLRS; Atlas describes 9M28F "GRAD-1" as fired from BM-21 Grad launchers. | The catalog currently links to the broader BM-21 Grad page rather than a separate 9P138 / 9K55 Grad-1 record. |
| Ukraine evidence | MILMAG reproduced open-source reporting of a Russian BM-21 and more than 70 9M28F rockets captured by Ukrainian troops on 2022-04-01. | This supports captured ammunition in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, not confirmed firing of the 9M28F. |
Deagel lists 1963 as the initial operational capability year for both 9M28K and 9M28F rockets.
Sources: Deagel 9M28
MILMAG's war log reproduced open-source reporting that Ukrainian troops captured a Russian BM-21 Grad and more than 70 9M28F rockets.
Sources: MILMAG War in Ukraine Day 37
