Armas de infantería

9M14 Malyutka

Also known as
  • AT-3 Sagger
  • 9K11 Malyutka
  • Malyutka

El 9M14 Malyutka, conocido por la OTAN como AT-3 Sagger, es un misil antitanque soviético guiado por cable MCLOS desarrollado en KBM Kolomna y aceptado para servicio en 1963. Se convirtió en uno de los primeros ATGM portátiles más exportados y posteriormente apareció en vehículos, helicópteros y arsenales heredados de larga duración desde Vietnam hasta Yemen.

9M14 Malyutka, Misil guiado antitanque por cable MCLOS, Armas de infantería
Image source: 9M14 Malyutka Kecel 1

Role in Conflicts

Profile / Specs

Profile

Origin
Unión Soviética
Built by
KBM Kolomna
Built in
Soviet Union
Type
Misil guiado antitanque por cable MCLOS
Service note
Introducido en 1963; aún encontrado en arsenales heredados y conflictos regionales
Designer
Oficina de Diseño de Construcción de Maquinaria de Kolomna (KBM)
Designed
1960
Produced
1963-presente
Number built
Más de 200.000

Specifications

Guiado
Guiado por cable MCLOS en el 9M14 base; variantes Malyutka posteriores añadieron SACLOS
Alcance
500-3.000 m
Longitud
860 mm
Envergadura
393 mm
Diámetro
125 mm
Masa
10,9 kg
Velocidad
Aproximadamente 115 m/s
Lanzador
Lanzador tipo maleta 9P111 con caja de control 9S415 y mira óptica 9Sh16
Variants
  • 9M14 Malyutka / AT-3A Sagger
  • 9M14M Malyutka-M / AT-3B Sagger
  • 9M14P Malyutka-P / AT-3C Sagger
  • 9M14P1 Malyutka-P1 / AT-3C Sagger
  • 9K11-2 Malyutka-2
  • Malyutka-2M
  • Malyutka-2F
Plataformas de lanzamiento

Armatec enumera el 9M14 Malyutka como un misil que puede dispararse desde vehículos terrestres soviéticos como el BMP-1 y el BRDM-2. Fuentes abiertas sitúan el misil en varios helicópteros soviéticos y de exportación, lo que refleja su larga historia de portadores más allá del lanzador portátil.

LauncherLauncher typeLaunch evidence
BMP-1, Infantry fighting vehicle, Armored VehiclesBMP-1Vehículo de combate de infantería

Armatec enumera el 9M14 Malyutka entre los misiles que pueden dispararse desde el BMP-1.

Sources: Armatec 9M14 Malyutka

BRDM-2, Amphibious armored scout car, Armored VehiclesBRDM-2Vehículo blindado de reconocimiento

Armatec enumera el 9M14 Malyutka entre los misiles que pueden dispararse desde el BRDM-2.

Sources: Armatec 9M14 Malyutka

BVP M-80, Tracked infantry fighting vehicle, Armored VehiclesBVP M-80Vehículo de combate de infantería sobre orugas

Yugoimport dice que el BVP M-80A está equipado con dos lanzadores para misiles antitanque Maljutka (AT-3 Sagger) guiados por cable, y Military Factory enumera el M-80 como portador de un lanzador 9M14 Malyutka con dos misiles a bordo.

Sources: BVP M-80 & M-80A Infantry Fighting Vehicle, M-80 Infantry Combat Vehicle

Mi-2, Light twin-turbine utility and training helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsMi-2Helicóptero utilitario ligero

FAS dice que el AT-3 Sagger se usó como arma de helicóptero en el Mi-2.

Sources: AT-3 Sagger / HJ-73 Anti-Tank Guided Missile

Mi-8/Mi-17, Medium twin-turbine utility transport helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsMi-8/Mi-17Helicóptero de transporte

FAS dice que el AT-3 Sagger se usó como arma de helicóptero en el Mi-8, y Armatec también enumera la familia Mi-8 entre las plataformas de lanzamiento de helicóptero.

Sources: AT-3 Sagger / HJ-73 Anti-Tank Guided Missile, Armatec 9M14 Malyutka

Mi-24/Mi-35, Attack helicopter and armed assault transport, Aircraft & UAVsMi-24/Mi-35Helicóptero de ataque

Armatec enumera el Mi-24 entre las plataformas de lanzamiento de helicóptero para el 9M14 Malyutka.

Sources: Armatec 9M14 Malyutka

Soko Gazelle, Light attack helicopter / armed helicopter, Aircraft & UAVsSoko GazelleHelicóptero ligero de ataque

Armatec enumera el Soko Gazelle entre las plataformas de lanzamiento de helicóptero para el 9M14 Malyutka.

Sources: Armatec 9M14 Malyutka

BMD-1, Airborne amphibious infantry fighting vehicle, Armored VehiclesBMD-1Vehículo de combate de infantería aerotransportado

Weaponsystems.net enumera el BMD-1 entre los vehículos de combate que usan principalmente el Malyutka, y su sección sobre el BMD-1 dice que el vehículo tiene un riel de lanzamiento sobre el cañón de 73 mm con control de tiro 9S428.

Sources: 9K11 Malyutka, BMD-1

Timeline

9M14 Malyutka Key Events

  1. Comienza el desarrollo en KBM Kolomna

    KBM Kolomna inició el programa Malyutka bajo la dirección del diseñador jefe S. N. Unbeaten.

    Sources: 9K14/9K11 Malyutka anti-tank missile system

  2. Siguen los lanzamientos de prueba

    El programa pasó a disparos de prueba después del primer trabajo de desarrollo.

    Sources: 9K14/9K11 Malyutka anti-tank missile system

  3. Aceptado para el servicio soviético

    El sistema base fue aceptado para servicio en la Unión Soviética el 16 de septiembre de 1963.

    Sources: 9K14/9K11 Malyutka anti-tank missile system, 9K11 Malutka / AT-3 Sagger

  4. El 9M14M entra en servicio

    Army Guide identifica el 9M14M como la primera actualización importante de producción en alcanzar el servicio en 1964.

    Sources: 9K11 Malutka / AT-3 Sagger

  5. El 9M14P entra en servicio

    La variante 9M14P incorporó guiado SACLOS y entró en servicio en 1970.

    Sources: 9K11 Malutka / AT-3 Sagger

  6. Primer uso de combate documentado en Vietnam del Sur

    Equipos norvietnamitas con Malyutka tendieron una emboscada a blindados survietnamitas cerca de Dong Ha y destruyeron tres carros M48 más varios M113.

    Sources: North Vietnam’s AT-3 Sagger Anti-Tank Missiles

  7. Usado en la guerra árabe-israelí

    Army Guide y Missilery describen el misil como un arma antiblindaje importante en la guerra árabe-israelí de 1973.

    Sources: 9K14/9K11 Malyutka anti-tank missile system, 9K11 Malutka / AT-3 Sagger

Media

9M14 Malyutka Videos

9M14 Malyutka Images

9M14 Malyutka, Misil guiado antitanque por cable MCLOS, Armas de infantería - view 1
Source: 9M14 Malyutka Cutaway 2021
9M14 Malyutka, Misil guiado antitanque por cable MCLOS, Armas de infantería - view 2
Source: IDF Soldier with Captured 9M14 Malyutka
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Sources

Houthi Drone And Missile HandbookPublisher: Oryx | Note: Supports 2014 Yemen Civil War direct conflict-use context: 9M14 Malyutka ATGMs fielded by Houthi-aligned forces from pre-war Yemeni Army stocks. | Accessed: 2026-06-20Yemen Troops Push Into New District in Baydha ProvincePublisher: Gulf News | Note: Supports 2014 Yemen Civil War direct conflict-use context: AT-3 Sagger anti-tank guided missiles left among arms recovered during fighting in Baydha. | Accessed: 2026-06-20AT-3 Sagger / HJ-73 Anti-Tank Guided MissilePublisher: Federation of American Scientists | Note: Supports AT-3/Malyutka designations, helicopter use on the Mi-2 and Mi-8, range, missile weights, warhead types, velocity, and the over-200,000 production figure. | Accessed: 2026-06-209K11 MalyutkaPublisher: Weaponsystems.net | Note: Supports system background, Soviet origin, guidance method, dimensions, range, warhead, and service context. | Accessed: 2026-06-209K11 Malutka / AT-3 SaggerPublisher: Army Guide | Note: Supports manufacturer background, Soviet service entry in 1963, 9M14M service entry in 1964, 9M14P service entry in 1970, and the broader Malyutka variant family context. | Accessed: 2026-06-20Armatec 9M14 MalyutkaPublisher: Armatec | Note: Supports the 9M14 Malyutka's helicopter and vehicle launch-platform context, including BMP-1, BRDM-2, Mi-24, Mi-8, Mi-2, and Soko Gazelle, plus core technical data. | Accessed: 2026-06-23BVP M-80 & M-80A Infantry Fighting VehiclePublisher: Yugoimport-SDPR | Note: Supports the BVP M-80A launcher fit for Maljutka (AT-3 Sagger) wire-guided anti-tank missiles. | Accessed: 2026-06-28M-80 Infantry Combat VehiclePublisher: Military Factory | Note: Supports the M-80 family's documented 9M14 Malyutka launcher loadout and two-missile onboard carry state. | Accessed: 2026-06-28BMD-1Publisher: Weaponsystems.net | Note: Supports the BMD-1 as a launch platform for the Malyutka family, including its launch rail over the 73 mm cannon. | Accessed: 2026-06-289K14/9K11 Malyutka anti-tank missile systemPublisher: Missilery.info | Note: Supports development beginning in 1960, trial launches in 1961, Soviet service acceptance in 1963, the 9P111/9S415/9Sh16 launcher package, and baseline technical background for the Malyutka family. | Accessed: 2026-06-25North Vietnam’s AT-3 Sagger Anti-Tank MissilesPublisher: HistoryNet | Note: Supports the first documented combat use in South Vietnam on 23 April 1972 and the North Vietnamese battlefield context. | Accessed: 2026-06-259M14 Malyutka Kecel 1Publisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the primary image of a 9M14 Malyutka missile on a BMP-1 at the Army History Museum and Park in Kecel. | Accessed: 2026-06-209M14 Malyutka Cutaway 2021Publisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance and CC BY-SA 3.0 licensing for a cutaway 9M14 Malyutka on a 9P111 launch platform. | Accessed: 2026-06-20IDF Soldier with Captured 9M14 MalyutkaPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance and CC BY 4.0 licensing for a historical photograph of a captured 9M14 Malyutka / AT-3 Sagger missile. | Accessed: 2026-06-20