Munitions

GBU-31(V)1 Joint Direct Attack Munition

Also known as
  • GBU-31(V)1/B
  • GBU-31 V1/B
  • GBU-31V1/B
  • GBU-31 V1 JDAM
  • GBU-31V1
  • GBU-31v1 JDAM
  • GBU-31(V)1 JDAM
  • GBU-31(V)1/B JDAM
  • GBU-31(V)1/B Mk 84 JDAM
  • GBU-31 Mk 84 JDAM
  • GBU-31 Mk-84 JDAM
  • GBU-31 Mark 84 JDAM
  • GBU-31 2,000-pound Mk 84 JDAM
  • GBU-31v1 JDAM with Mk-84
  • Mk 84 JDAM
  • MK-84 JDAM
  • Mark 84 JDAM
  • 2000-pound JDAM
  • 2,000-pound Mk 84 JDAM
  • 2,000-lb Mk 84 JDAM
  • Mk 84 JDAM tail kit
  • Mk 84 JDAM kit
  • KMU-556/B
  • KMU-556A/B
  • KMU-556 JDAM tail kit
  • KMU-556 series JDAM kit

The GBU-31(V)1/B Joint Direct Attack Munition is the Mk 84 general-purpose lane of the 2,000-pound JDAM family, combining Boeing's GPS/INS tail-control kit with a 2,000-pound-class bomb body. Official Air Force, Navy, Boeing, and security-assistance sources separate this KMU-556/Mk 84 configuration from BLU-109 penetrator GBU-31 variants, while direct records document exact or Mk 84-specific GBU-31 use in the 2011 Libya air campaign and the 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict.

GBU-31(V)1 Joint Direct Attack Munition, 2,000-pound JDAM bomb, Munitions
Image source: Air Force GBU-31 inspection photo

Role in Conflicts

2023 Israel-Hamas War
Long-Range Strike
Side
Israel

The Aviationist documented Israeli Air Force F-15 and F-16 strike sorties during the Gaza air campaign carrying GBU-31(V)1 JDAM bombs, including F-15 configurations with three bombs and F-16 configurations with four.

Profile / Specs

Profile

Origin
United States
Built by
Boeing
Type
2,000-pound JDAM bomb
Service note
Late 1990s-present
Designer
Boeing
Unit cost
Approximately $22,000 per tail kit (fiscal 2007 dollars)

Specifications

Guidance
GPS/INS tail kit
Bomb body
Mk 84 2,000-pound-class general-purpose bomb body
Tail kit
KMU-556-series JDAM guidance tail kit for the Mk 84 GBU-31(V)1/B lane
Designation lane
GBU-31(V)1/B identifies the Mk 84 general-purpose GBU-31 configuration, distinct from BLU-109 penetrator lanes such as GBU-31(V)3/B
Payload class
2,000-pound JDAM family
Launch weight
2,036 pounds
Length
152.7 inches
Wingspan
25 inches
Range
Up to 15 miles
Accuracy
5 meters or less CEP in GPS-aided free flight according to the U.S. Air Force JDAM fact sheet
Designation Scope

The GBU-31(V)1/B scope is narrower than a generic GBU-31 or JDAM reference. It identifies a 2,000-pound Mk 84-class bomb body fitted with a KMU-556-series JDAM guidance kit, while other GBU-31 variants use different 2,000-pound bodies such as BLU-109 penetrators.

Bomb body

Mk 84 general-purpose 2,000-pound class body.

Use broader GBU-31 pages when a source does not distinguish the subtype.

Guidance kit

KMU-556-series JDAM GPS/INS tail kit.

JDAM kit nomenclature drives the GBU designation once fitted to a bomb body.

Conflict boundary

Mk 84-specific rows only.

The Libya row is based on direct GBU-31(V)1/B evidence, and the 2025 Israel-Iran row uses OSMP's Mk 84-series GBU-31/JDAM identification.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet; ARES Mark 80 Guidance Kits; OSMP Bomb Guidance Kit Explainer; RAND Libya Airpower Study; OSMP 1449 Israel-Iran Mk 84 GBU-31 JDAM.

Variants

JDAM designations pair a KMU-series guidance tail kit with a bomb-body class. In the 2,000-pound GBU-31 family, the (V)1/B lane is the Mk 84 general-purpose configuration; adjacent GBU-31 records cover broader family references or different 2,000-pound bodies, while smaller JDAM records use different bomb-body classes.

VariantConfigurationDesignation notes
GBU-31 JDAM (Mk 84 / BLU-109), 2,000-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb configuration, MunitionsGBU-31 JDAM (Mk 84 / BLU-109)Broader 2,000-pound GBU-31 family record

The family record is the right lane for sources that say GBU-31, 2,000-pound JDAM, or Mk 84/BLU-109 JDAM without isolating the GBU-31(V)1/B subtype.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet, National Museum JDAM Fact Sheet, Federal Register JDAM Tail Kit Notice

GBU-31(V)3/B Joint Direct Attack Munition, 2,000-pound GPS/INS-guided hard-target penetrator bomb, MunitionsGBU-31(V)3/B Joint Direct Attack MunitionBLU-109 hard-target penetrator configuration

Official and security-assistance sources distinguish the BLU-109 / KMU-557 penetrator lane from the Mk 84 / KMU-556 general-purpose lane represented by GBU-31(V)1/B.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet, Boeing JDAM Product Card, Boeing JDAM Designations, Federal Register JDAM Tail Kit Notice

Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kit, GPS/INS guidance tail kit for free-fall bombs, MunitionsJoint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kitParent guidance-kit family

JDAM is the GPS/INS tail-kit family fitted to multiple Mk 80- and BLU-series bomb bodies; GBU-31(V)1/B is the Mk 84 2,000-pound general-purpose configuration within that family.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet, Boeing JDAM Product Card

GBU-32 1,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munition, 1,000-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb kit, MunitionsGBU-32 1,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munition1,000-pound Mk 83 / BLU-110 JDAM

Official JDAM fact sheets place GBU-32 in the 1,000-pound payload class, below the 2,000-pound GBU-31 series.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet, Navy JDAM Fact File

GBU-38 Joint Direct Attack Munition, 500-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb, MunitionsGBU-38 Joint Direct Attack Munition500-pound Mk 82 / BLU-111 JDAM

Official JDAM fact sheets place GBU-38 in the 500-pound payload class and list its shorter length, lower weight, and smaller wingspan separately from GBU-31.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet, Navy JDAM Fact File

Bomb-Body And Kit Relationships

The GBU-31(V)1/B designation ties a 2,000-pound Mk 84-class general-purpose bomb body to the KMU-556-series JDAM guidance-tail-kit lane.

Compatible itemItem typeCompatibility evidence
Mk 84 Mod 4 2,000-pound unguided bomb, 2,000-pound unguided general-purpose bomb, MunitionsMk 84 Mod 4 2,000-pound unguided bombBomb body

Air Force, Federal Register, and specialist ordnance sources identify the Mk 84-class body as the general-purpose bomb body behind the GBU-31(V)1/B JDAM configuration.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet, Federal Register JDAM Tail Kit Notice, ARES Mark 80 Guidance Kits

Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kit, GPS/INS guidance tail kit for free-fall bombs, MunitionsJoint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kitGuidance kit family

Official Boeing and Air Force sources describe JDAM as a tail-kit family that converts compatible unguided bombs into GPS/INS-guided weapons; this record is the Mk 84 GBU-31 lane of that family.

Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet, Boeing JDAM Product Card

Carrier Aircraft

Carrier evidence ranges from exact GBU-31(V)1 or Mk 84-lane references to broader GBU-31 family carriage. Notes below identify which lane each source supports.

CarrierCarrier typeCarriage evidence
F-15E Strike Eagle, Dual-role strike fighter, Aircraft & UAVsF-15E Strike EagleStrike fighter

The maritime JDAM test article says the 85th Test and Evaluation Squadron equipped an F-15E Strike Eagle with modified 2,000-pound GBU-31 Joint Direct Attack Munitions; the source supports the GBU-31 family lane but does not isolate the (V)1/B subtype.

Sources: F-15E completes first successful Maritime JDAM test

B-1B Lancer, Long-range, multi-role supersonic bomber, Aircraft & UAVsB-1B LancerLong-range bomber

The Air Force B-1B fact sheet lists GBU-31 2,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munitions in the bomber's carried precision-attack load; it supports GBU-31 family carriage rather than a subtype-specific (V)1/B claim.

Sources: B-1B Lancer GBU-31 load

B-2 Spirit, Low-observable strategic heavy bomber, Aircraft & UAVsB-2 SpiritStealth bomber

Air Force imagery shows GBU-31 Joint Direct Attack Munitions being loaded onto B-2 Spirit aircraft for a QUICKSINK maritime test; the source documents GBU-31 family carriage but not the exact (V)1/B lane.

Sources: B-2 Spirit loads JDAMs for maritime test

B-52 Stratofortress, Long-range heavy bomber, Aircraft & UAVsB-52 StratofortressHeavy bomber

The Air Force historical study identifies the B-52H Stratofortress among aircraft that used the GBU-31 JDAM family; it is broader than the GBU-31(V)1/B subtype.

Sources: Three New Weapons

F-16 Fighting Falcon, Multirole fighter aircraft, Aircraft & UAVsF-16 Fighting FalconMultirole fighter

The Air Force historical study identifies the F-16 Fighting Falcon among aircraft that used the GBU-31 JDAM family, while RAND separately documents NATO F-16 use of exact GBU-31(V)1/B bombs in Libya.

Sources: Three New Weapons, RAND Libya Airpower Study

F/A-18 Hornet (Tactical), Carrier-capable multirole strike fighter, Aircraft & UAVsF/A-18 Hornet (Tactical)Carrier-capable strike fighter

The Air Force historical study identifies the Navy's F/A-18 Hornet among aircraft that used the GBU-31 JDAM family, and the Navy JDAM fact file lists JDAM as integrated on F/A-18 aircraft with a 2,000-pound Mk 84/BLU-117 payload path.

Sources: Three New Weapons, Navy JDAM Fact File

F-15 family fighter aircraft, Fighter aircraft family, Aircraft & UAVsF-15 family fighter aircraftMultirole fighter

Boeing's Advanced F-15 weapons inventory lists the GBU-31 Mk-84 JDAM configuration in the aircraft's external carriage matrix, directly supporting the Mk 84 lane for the F-15 family.

Sources: Advanced F-15 Weapons Inventory

F-15 Baz, Multirole fighter, Aircraft & UAVsF-15 BazMultirole fighter

The Aviationist says an F-15 Baz took off with three GBU-31(V)1 JDAM bombs, supporting an exact V1 lane for this F-15 variant.

Sources: F-15 Baz JDAM loadout

F-35 Lightning II, Fifth-generation stealth multirole fighter, Aircraft & UAVsF-35 Lightning IIStealth multirole fighter

Lockheed Martin's F-35 about page lists two GBU-31 JDAM guided bombs in the F-35's standard internal weapons load; it supports GBU-31 family carriage, not a subtype-specific V1 claim.

Sources: About the F-35

F-35A Lightning II, Conventional takeoff and landing stealth multirole fighter, Aircraft & UAVsF-35A Lightning IIStealth multirole fighter

Lockheed Martin reports that F-35A aircraft AF-1 performed a GBU-31 JDAM separation test and describes it as the first GBU-31 Mark-84 separation demonstration from the F-35, directly supporting the Mk 84 lane.

Sources: F-35A GBU-31 Mark-84 separation test

F-35C Lightning II, Carrier-based stealth multirole fighter, Aircraft & UAVsF-35C Lightning IICarrier-capable stealth fighter

Lockheed Martin says Navy test aircraft CF-2, an F-35C, completed a load-data mission while carrying external 2,000-pound GBU-31 JDAMs and AIM-9X missiles; this is family-level GBU-31 carriage evidence.

Sources: F-35C external GBU-31 load data flight

Timeline

GBU-31(V)1 Joint Direct Attack Munition Key Events

  1. JDAM development begins

    Air Force background material traces JDAM development to 1992, when the program set out to convert compatible unguided bomb bodies into GPS/INS-guided weapons.

    Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet

  2. JDAM enters operational service

    The Air Force places JDAM's first operational service in 1999, after development of the tail-kit family that includes the 2,000-pound GBU-31 lane.

    Sources: Air Force JDAM Fact Sheet

  3. Tail-kit nomenclature distinguishes bomb-body lanes

    Federal Register security-assistance language lists KMU-556 as the GBU-31 tail kit for a 2,000-pound Mk 84 bomb body and KMU-557 as the GBU-31 tail kit for a BLU-109 body.

    Sources: Federal Register JDAM Tail Kit Notice

  4. Israeli aircraft documented with GBU-31(V)1 JDAMs

    Air-campaign reporting documented Israeli F-15 and F-16 aircraft carrying GBU-31(V)1 JDAMs during early Gaza strike sorties.

    Sources: F-15 Baz JDAM loadout

  5. OSMP logs Israeli Mk 84 GBU-31 JDAM

    FPRI reported GBU-31-series JDAM use in Operation Rising Lion and identified GBU-31(V)1/B as the Mk 84-series lane; OSMP 1449 separately recorded an Israeli 2,000-pound MK 84-series GBU-31 JDAM item from June 20, 2025.

    Sources: FPRI Rising Lion Air Offensive, OSMP 1449 Israel-Iran Mk 84 GBU-31 JDAM

Media

GBU-31(V)1 Joint Direct Attack Munition Images

GBU-31(V)1 Joint Direct Attack Munition, 2,000-pound JDAM bomb, Munitions - view 1
Source: US Navy Mk-84 JDAM magazine photo
GBU-31(V)1 Joint Direct Attack Munition, 2,000-pound JDAM bomb, Munitions - view 2
Source: GBU-31 MK-84 warhead diagram
Related Weapon Systems
GBU-31(V)3/B Joint Direct Attack Munition, 2,000-pound GPS/INS-guided hard-target penetrator bomb, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-31(V)3/B Joint Direct Attack Munition2,000-pound GPS/INS-guided hard-target penetrator bombThe GBU-31(V)3/B is the hard-target penetrator variant of the 2,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munition, pairing a Boeing JDAM GPS/INS tail kit with the BLU-109 penetrator bomb body. Official U.S. sources describe its GPS/INS guidance, 2,115-pound launch-weight configuration, and 15-mile range class, while open-source munition and aviation reporting connect the BLU-109 GBU-31 JDAM lane to Israeli operations during the 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict.
GBU-31 JDAM (Mk 84 / BLU-109), 2,000-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb configuration, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-31 JDAM (Mk 84 / BLU-109)2,000-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb configurationThe GBU-31 JDAM is the 2,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munition configuration built around Boeing's GPS/INS tail kit and either a Mk 84-class general-purpose bomb body or a BLU-109 hard-target penetrator body. U.S. military and Federal Register sources distinguish the KMU-556 Mk 84 configuration from the KMU-557 BLU-109 configuration, while direct conflict-use reporting traces GBU-31/JDAM employment from Kosovo and Afghanistan to Iraq, Yemen, Operation Inherent Resolve, the Israel-Hamas war, and the 2025 Israel-Iran conflict.
Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kit, GPS/INS guidance tail kit for free-fall bombs, MunitionsMunitionsJoint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kitGPS/INS guidance tail kit for free-fall bombsJoint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) is Boeing's U.S.-origin GPS/INS tail-kit family for converting compatible Mk 80- and BLU-series free-fall bomb bodies into all-weather guided bombs. The family spans 500-, 1,000-, and 2,000-pound bomb-body classes, with standard GBU-31, GBU-32, and GBU-38 records separated from later Laser JDAM and JDAM-ER derivatives. Official Air Force and Navy records document JDAM's 1999 combat debut with NATO B-2 operations during Operation Allied Force.
GBU-32 1,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munition, 1,000-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb kit, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-32 1,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munition1,000-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb kitThe GBU-32 1,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Munition is Boeing's GPS/INS JDAM guidance kit applied to the Mk 83 or BLU-110 1,000-pound bomb-body class. JDAM is a conversion kit rather than a stand-alone bomb, and the GBU-32 sits in the middle of the JDAM family between 500-pound and 2,000-pound variants. Direct conflict-use sources connect the GBU-32 to U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, and NATO-led coalition operations in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, and 2014 Operation Inherent Resolve, while OHCHR reported suspected Israeli use of GBU-32 bombs in Gaza strikes during the 2023 Israel-Hamas War.
GBU-55 Laser Joint Direct Attack Munition, Reserved 1,000-pound laser/GPS-guided bomb designation, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-55 Laser Joint Direct Attack MunitionReserved 1,000-pound laser/GPS-guided bomb designationThe GBU-55 Laser Joint Direct Attack Munition is the reserved 1,000-pound Laser JDAM designation associated with the GBU-32 JDAM and Mk 83 or BLU-110 bomb-body class. Public sources describe the Laser JDAM concept as a Boeing GPS/INS JDAM fitted with a laser terminal seeker for moving or relocatable targets, while designation references treat GBU-55 as the 1,000-pound member between the 500-pound GBU-54 and 2,000-pound GBU-56 Laser JDAMs.
GBU-38 Joint Direct Attack Munition, 500-pound GPS/INS-guided bomb, MunitionsMunitionsGBU-38 Joint Direct Attack Munition500-pound GPS/INS-guided bombGBU-38 Mk-82 JDAM is Boeing's 500-pound GPS/INS-guided Joint Direct Attack Munition, turning the Mk 82 bomb body into an all-weather precision air-to-surface weapon. U.S. Air Force sources list the GBU-38 at 92.6 inches long, 558 pounds at launch, a 14-inch wingspan, up to 15 miles range, and 5-meter-or-less CEP when GPS data is available, while combat reporting documents F-15E, F-16, B-1B, and MQ-9 employment in Afghanistan, Iraq, and 2014 Operation Inherent Resolve.

Sources

F-15E completes first successful Maritime JDAM testPublisher: Air Combat Command | Note: Supports F-15E Strike Eagle carriage of modified 2,000-pound GBU-31 JDAMs during the maritime JDAM test. | Accessed: 2026-07-03About the F-35Publisher: Lockheed Martin | Note: Supports the F-35 standard internal weapons load, including two GBU-31 JDAM guided bombs. | Accessed: 2026-07-03F-35A GBU-31 Mark-84 separation testPublisher: Lockheed Martin | Note: Supports F-35A carriage and separation testing of a GBU-31 Mark-84 2,000-pound guided munition. | Accessed: 2026-07-03F-35C external GBU-31 load data flightPublisher: Lockheed Martin | Note: Supports F-35C external carriage of 2,000-pound GBU-31 JDAMs during the final SDD load-data flight. | Accessed: 2026-07-03B-1B Lancer GBU-31 loadPublisher: U.S. Air Force | Note: Supports the B-1B's carriage of GBU-31 2,000-pound JDAMs. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Advanced F-15 Weapons InventoryPublisher: Boeing | Note: Supports the F-15 external carriage matrix listing GBU-31 Mk-84 and BLU-109 JDAM configurations. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Air Force JDAM Fact SheetPublisher: U.S. Air Force | Note: Supports GBU-31(V)1/B specifications, Boeing contractor context, guidance system, Mk 84 bomb-body class, launch weight, length, wingspan, range, and unit cost. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Navy JDAM Fact FilePublisher: U.S. Navy | Note: Supports JDAM as a GPS/INS guidance-kit family, the 2,000-pound MK 84/BLU-117 payload lane, Navy GBU-31(V)2/B dimensions and weight for the same Mk 84-class configuration, and 2,000-pound JDAM development chronology. | Accessed: 2026-07-03DSCA USML Category IV AppendixPublisher: Defense Security Cooperation Agency | Note: Supports U.S. security-assistance nomenclature listing GBU-31(V)1/B as a Mk 84 JDAM and KMU-556/B as a JDAM tail kit. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Federal Register JDAM Tail Kit NoticePublisher: Federal Register | Note: Supports KMU-556 as the GBU-31 tail kit for a 2,000-pound Mk 84 bomb body and KMU-557 as the GBU-31 tail kit for a 2,000-pound BLU-109 bomb body. | Accessed: 2026-07-06DSCA Korea F-35 Munitions NoticePublisher: Defense Security Cooperation Agency | Note: Supports current DSCA wording pairing KMU-556 tail kits with the GBU-31v1 JDAM and Mk-84 2,000-pound general-purpose bombs for that configuration. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Boeing JDAM DesignationsPublisher: Designation-Systems.Net | Note: Secondary designation reference supporting GBU-31(V)1/B as the Mk 84 / KMU-556 lane, GBU-31(V)3/B as the BLU-109 / KMU-557 lane, and related GBU-31 subvariant notes. | Accessed: 2026-07-03KMU/KMK Equipment ListingPublisher: Designation-Systems.Net | Note: Secondary designation reference supporting KMU-556/B as a JDAM guidance set used in GBU-31(V)1/B and GBU-31(V)2/B. | Accessed: 2026-07-03National Museum JDAM Fact SheetPublisher: National Museum of the United States Air Force | Note: Supports JDAM background, guidance-tail-kit description, and the Mk 84/Mk 83 bomb-body mapping that distinguishes GBU-31 and GBU-32. | Accessed: 2026-07-03F-15 Baz JDAM loadoutPublisher: The Aviationist | Note: 2023 Israel-Hamas War direct-use source: documents Israeli Air Force F-15 and F-16 aircraft in the Gaza air campaign carrying GBU-31(V)1 JDAM bombs. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Air Force GBU-31 inspection photoPublisher: U.S. Air Force | Note: U.S. Air Force photo details page for a public-domain image of a 492nd Aircraft Maintenance Unit crew chief inspecting a GBU-31 JDAM at RAF Lakenheath. | Accessed: 2026-07-06US Navy Mk-84 JDAM magazine photoPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Wikimedia Commons file page for a public-domain U.S. Navy image captioned as 2,000-pound MK-84 JDAMs aboard USS John C. Stennis. | Accessed: 2026-07-06GBU-31 MK-84 warhead diagramPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Wikimedia Commons file page for a public-domain U.S. Air Force GBU-31 Mk 84 warhead diagram. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Three New WeaponsPublisher: Department of the Air Force History and Museums Program | Note: Supports B-52H Stratofortress, F-16 Fighting Falcon, and F/A-18 Hornet use of the GBU-31 JDAM family. | Accessed: 2026-07-03RAND Libya Airpower StudyPublisher: RAND Corporation | Note: 2011 First Libyan Civil War direct-use source: documents NATO coalition forces using GBU-31(V)1/B bombs in Libya, including Belgian F-16 releases and Norwegian F-16AM aircraft armed with the subtype during Operations Odyssey Dawn and Unified Protector. | Accessed: 2026-07-03B-2 Spirit loads JDAMs for maritime testPublisher: U.S. Air Force | Note: Supports B-2 Spirit loading of GBU-31 Joint Direct Attack Munitions for the QUICKSINK maritime test. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Boeing JDAM Product CardPublisher: Boeing | Note: Supports Boeing product background, JDAM tail-kit architecture, compatible 2,000-pound Mk 84, BLU-109, and BLU-117 bomb bodies, release-envelope context, and family growth paths. | Accessed: 2026-07-03ARES Mark 80 Guidance KitsPublisher: Armament Research Services | Note: Supports the designation relationship between a Mk 84-class bomb body, KMU-556-series JDAM kit, and the GBU-31(V)1/B designation. | Accessed: 2026-07-03OSMP Bomb Guidance Kit ExplainerPublisher: Open Source Munitions Portal | Note: Supports guidance-kit nomenclature context for Mk 84-series bombs becoming GBU-31 JDAM configurations and further variant designations such as GBU-31(V)1. | Accessed: 2026-07-03FPRI Rising Lion Air OffensivePublisher: Foreign Policy Research Institute | Note: 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict direct-use source: reports Israeli Operation Rising Lion use of GBU-31-series JDAMs, identifies GBU-31(V)1/B as the Mk 84-series lane, and describes IDF media showing JDAMs loaded on aircraft departing for strikes against Iran. | Accessed: 2026-07-06OSMP 1449 Israel-Iran Mk 84 GBU-31 JDAMPublisher: Open Source Munitions Portal | Note: 2025 Israel-Iran Conflict supporting Mk 84-lane source: identifies a June 20, 2025 Israeli air-delivered bomb item as MK 84 series, GBU-31 JDAM, and JDAM kit. | Accessed: 2026-07-06