Profile
- Type
- Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system
- Origin
- Soviet Union
- Service note
- Cold War design retained in limited post-Soviet service
Air Defense
2K11 Krug / SA-4 Ganef
The 2K11 Krug, NATO reporting name SA-4 Ganef, is a Soviet tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system built around 2P24 launchers, 3M8-series missiles, and separate acquisition and guidance radars. In the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war it appeared on the Armenian and Artsakh side as legacy area air defense, but reporting from CSIS and Oryx shows it was vulnerable in a battlespace dominated by Azerbaijani UAVs and loitering munitions.
- Built in
- Soviet Union
Service History
- In service
- Introduced in the 1960s; retained by some post-Soviet operators into the 2020s
- Used by
- Armenian Armed Forces, Artsakh Defense Army, Soviet Army
- Wars
- Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict
Production History
- Designer
- Lyulev OKB / NPO Novator
- Designed
- Late 1950s to mid-1960s
- Built in
- Soviet Union
- Produced
- 1960s-1970s
- Variants
- 2K11 Krug, 2K11A Krug-A, 2K11M Krug-M, 2K11M1 Krug-M1
Specifications
- Launcher
- 2P24 tracked transporter-erector-launcher with two ready missiles
- Missile
- 3M8-series ramjet-powered surface-to-air missile
- Maximum range
- About 45-55 km depending on variant
- Engagement altitude
- Roughly 100 m to 27 km depending on variant
- Warhead
- About 135 kg fragmentation warhead
- Guidance
- Command guidance and semi-active radar homing with 1S32 Pat Hand guidance radar
- Battery components
- Typically includes 2P24 launchers, 1S32 guidance radar, 1S12/P-40 acquisition radar, height-finder radar, and missile reload vehicles
Conflict Usage
- Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict
- Side: ArmeniaArtsakhRole: Legacy medium-range air defense
Armenian and Artsakh forces fielded Soviet-era 2K11 Krug systems during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war; CSIS described them as part of Armenia's obsolete air-defense inventory, and Oryx documented damaged or captured Krug equipment.
2K11 Krug / SA-4 Ganef Images
Related Weapon Systems
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2K11 Krug (SA-4 Ganef)Publisher: U.S. Army ODIN Worldwide Equipment Guide | Note: Supports system background, Soviet origin, role, launcher arrangement, radar dependence, and technical specifications. | Accessed: 2026-06-20SA-4 Ganef 2K11 KrugPublisher: Army Recognition | Note: Supports development chronology, manufacturer background, Armenian acquisition context, and specifications. | Accessed: 2026-06-20The Air and Missile War in Nagorno-KarabakhPublisher: Center for Strategic and International Studies | Note: Supports Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict direct use: 2K11 Krug was used by Armenia / Artsakh as part of Armenia's legacy air-defense inventory during the 2020 war. | Accessed: 2026-06-20The MRL From Hell: Armenia's Land MattressPublisher: Oryx | Note: Supports Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict direct use: 2K11 Krug systems were fielded by Armenia / Artsakh and took part in the 2020 war. | Accessed: 2026-06-20Documenting Equipment Losses During The 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh WarPublisher: Oryx | Note: Supports Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict direct use: Armenian / Artsakh 2K11 Krug equipment was fielded in the war and documented as damaged or captured. | Accessed: 2026-06-202P24 Krug spb.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the 2P24 launcher with two 3M8 missiles at the Saint Petersburg Artillery Museum. | Accessed: 2026-06-20Krug surface-to-air missile complex.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for a 2P24 launcher with missiles on the territory of the 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade. | Accessed: 2026-06-201S32 Pat Hand.JPGPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the 1S32 Pat Hand guidance radar associated with the SA-4 system. | Accessed: 2026-06-202K11 Krug missiles, National Museum of Military History, Bulgaria.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for 2K11 Krug missiles displayed at the National Museum of Military History, Bulgaria. | Accessed: 2026-06-20