The P-270 Moskit, also known as 3M80/3M82 and SS-N-22 Sunburn, is a Soviet and Russian supersonic anti-ship cruise missile developed by MKB Raduga and produced at Progress plant in Arsenyev. The family is centered on shipboard strike from Sovremenny destroyers, Tarantul missile corvettes, and Project 1239 surface-effect corvettes, pairing inertial midcourse navigation with active/passive radar terminal homing and a low-altitude ramjet flight profile.
The Moskit family combined high speed with a low-altitude terminal approach, making the missile's guidance chain and launch preparation central to its design rather than secondary details.
WeaponSystems.net describes inertial navigation toward a target area, with possible target-zone updates from airborne or space-based maritime reconnaissance assets before terminal seeker activation.
The terminal phase uses active/passive radar homing; Missilery.info describes the combined guidance system as intended to work under radio-countermeasure conditions.
Open data describes low-altitude cruise at roughly 7-20 m above sea level, with Missilery.info noting a final descent to about 7 m near the target.
Missilery.info describes ship-control equipment for single or multiple launches, distribution of missiles to targets, and 5-second intervals during salvo firing.
Sources: P-270 Moskit; Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito.
Open references group 3M80, 3M82, 3M80E, and 3M80MVE under the Moskit/Sunburn family, with range and flight-profile differences across variants.
| Variant | Configuration | Designation notes |
|---|---|---|
| 3M80 Moskit | Original ship-launched missile | WeaponSystems.net lists the 3M80 as the original Moskit missile introduced in 1984 or 1985, with roughly 90 km effective range and active/passive radar terminal homing. Sources: P-270 Moskit |
| 3M82 Moskit-M | Improved longer-range variant | WeaponSystems.net describes the 3M82 as an improved Moskit branch using a modified ramjet and larger fuel capacity to reach about 100-120 km maximum range. Sources: P-270 Moskit |
| 3M80E | Export model | WeaponSystems.net identifies 3M80E as an export model of the 3M82 missile with a 120 km range, while Missilery.info ties the 3M80E modernization path to extended-range testing from 1987 to 1989. Sources: P-270 Moskit, Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito |
| 3M80E1 | Lightened proposed export model | WeaponSystems.net lists 3M80E1 as a proposed export model with a 100 km range, and GlobalSecurity notes Raduga displayed a lighter 3M-80E1 in August 2001. Sources: P-270 Moskit, Moskit / SS-N-22 Sunburn |
| 3M80MVE | Extended-range export variant | WeaponSystems.net describes the 3M80MVE as adding a high-low attack profile, trading sea-skimming throughout the flight for increased range. Sources: P-270 Moskit |
| Kh-41 | Air-launched derivative | GlobalSecurity describes the air-launched ASM-MSS/Kh-41 branch as intended for Su-27K/Su-33 carriage, while Missilery.info also notes Su-27K and Su-32FN carriage references. Sources: Moskit / SS-N-22 Sunburn, Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito |
Open references consistently tie Moskit to a small set of ship and small-combatant launch platforms rather than treating it as a universal anti-ship missile fit.
| Launcher | Launcher type | Launch evidence |
|---|---|---|
 | Chinese Project 956E/956EM export destroyer branch | WeaponSystems.net identifies Project 956/Sovremenny destroyers as Moskit's main platform, and Missilery.info describes Project 956 ships with two quadruple KT-190 Moskit launchers; this local link points to the catalog's Chinese export-batch page rather than a full Soviet/Russian Project 956 class record. Sources: P-270 Moskit, Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito |
 | Missile corvette and fast-attack craft family | WeaponSystems.net lists conventional Project 1241.1 Molniya/Tarantul III craft among Moskit carriers, and Missilery.info describes Project 1241.1 boats receiving Moskit launchers. Sources: P-270 Moskit, Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito |
 | Surface-effect missile corvette | WeaponSystems.net and Missilery.info both identify Project 1239/Sivuch-Dergach surface-effect corvettes as Moskit carriers; Missilery.info specifies two quadruple Moskit launchers on the class. Sources: P-270 Moskit, Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito |
 | Project 1155.1 / Udaloy II destroyer configuration | WeaponSystems.net documents the single completed Project 1155.1 Fregat-M/Udaloy II configuration with two quadruple KT-190 launchers for 3M82 Moskit-M; this should not be generalized to baseline Project 1155/Udaloy I ships. Sources: Project 1155.1 Fregat-M class |
Missilery.info says development of the 3M80 Moskit anti-ship missile began in 1973 at the Raduga design bureau.
Sources: Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito
WeaponSystems.net places Moskit state testing from 1978 to 1982, while Missilery.info describes flight-design and joint tests across coastal, Project 1241.1, and Project 956 launch settings.
Sources: P-270 Moskit, Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito
WeaponSystems.net lists Moskit service entry in 1984 or 1985 after Soviet state tests from 1978 to 1982.
Sources: P-270 Moskit
Missilery.info says upgraded Moskit-M testing began with a first launch on 6 August 1987 and continued through July 1989 to raise firing range.
Sources: Anti-ship missile 3M80 (3M80E) Mosquito
GlobalSecurity reports that Raduga displayed a lighter 3M-80E1 in August 2001, reducing weight compared with the 3M-80E and listing a shorter range.
Sources: Moskit / SS-N-22 Sunburn
WeaponSystems.net lists P-270 Moskit production at Progress plant, Arsenyev from 1984 to 2014.
Sources: P-270 Moskit
