Sistemas navales

Lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra (Project 1176)

Also known as
  • Project 1176
  • Project 1176 Akula
  • Project 1176 Akula class
  • Project 1176 landing craft
  • Project 1176E
  • Akula-class landing craft
  • Ondatra
  • Ondatra class
  • Ondatra-class landing craft

La lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra, Project 1176 Akula soviético, es una pequeña lancha de desembarco mecanizada construida en torno a una cubierta de carga abierta, una rampa de proa y un casco de poco calado para transporte anfibio de corto alcance. Astilleros soviéticos y rusos produjeron la clase de 1971 a 2009, con fuentes que documentan una embarcación de 24 metros capaz de transportar un tanque, camiones, tropas o 50 toneladas de carga, además de pérdidas en tiempo de guerra durante la guerra Rusia-Ucrania de 2014.

Lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra (Project 1176), Lancha de desembarco mecanizada, Sistemas navales
Image source: MDBprojectT-36-1990Vladivostok.jpg

Role in Conflicts

2014 Russia-Ukraine War
Mobility & Logistics

Las lanchas de desembarco Project 1176 Akula/Ondatra están documentadas en la guerra Rusia-Ucrania de 2014 en ambos bandos: Oryx lista embarcaciones rusas y ucranianas Project 1176 como dañadas, y la Dirección Principal de Inteligencia de Ucrania informó de que una Akula rusa Project 1176 se hundió tras un ataque con drones de superficie el 10 de noviembre de 2023 en la bahía de Vuzka, Crimea ocupada.

Role details
Profile / Specs

Specifications

Tripulación
4-6
Desplazamiento
60,3 t estándar; 118,7 t a plena carga
Eslora
24 m
Manga
5,2-6,0 m
Calado
1,5-1,55 m
Velocidad
11-11,5 nudos
Alcance
330 nmi a 10 nudos; 500 nmi a 5 nudos
Autonomía
2-3 días
Capacidad
1 tanque T-72 o 2 camiones GAZ-66 o 20 tropas o 50 toneladas de carga
Zona de carga
12,5 m x 3,6 m
Propulsión
2 motores diésel 3D12, 2 ejes
Sensores
Radar de navegación Mius o Don
Design And Service Context

El diseño Project 1176 es una lancha de desembarco DKA compacta con una bodega seca abierta y una rampa de proa, adecuada para movimientos anfibios cortos, transporte litoral y trabajo de carga de buque a costa, más que para operaciones independientes en aguas oceánicas.

Cubierta de carga

WeaponSystems.net lista una zona de carga de 12,5 m por 3,6 m, mientras que KCHF y RussianShips describen capacidad para un T-72, dos camiones GAZ-66, 20 tropas o 50 toneladas de carga.

Distribución de constructores

Las fuentes identifican los astilleros Azovskiy/Azov, Rybinsk/Vympel y Vladivostok/Vostochnaya, con listas posteriores de cascos que también muestran Sokolskaya y contexto de construcción para exportación.

Operadores

RussianShips.info registra servicio soviético/ruso, además de embarcaciones de la familia Project 1176 asociadas con Georgia, Ucrania y Yemen, incluido el linaje ucraniano Svatove.

Variants

Project 1176 es el diseño soviético/ruso Akula informado por la OTAN como clase Ondatra; Project 1176E es la designación de exportación.

VariantConfigurationDesignation notes
Project 1176EDesignación de exportación

WeaponSystems.net lista Project 1176E como la designación de exportación, mientras que RussianShips.info registra entregas de Project 1176E a Yemen del Norte en la década de 1980.

Sources: Project 1176 Akula class, Landing craft - Project 1176, 1176E

Cargas de transporte documentadas

La clase está documentada como lancha de desembarco de corto alcance para vehículos, tropas y logística costera, más que como plataforma de armas embarcada.

Carried itemItem typeCarriage evidence
BTR-82/BTR-82A, 8x8 amphibious armored personnel carrier, Armored VehiclesBTR-82/BTR-82ATransporte blindado de personal

El Ministerio de Defensa de Ucrania dijo que las embarcaciones Serna/Akula alcanzadas en la bahía de Vuzka transportaban tripulación y vehículos blindados, incluidos BTR-82.

Sources: Ukraine MoD Black Sea Fleet losses

Tor-M2, Short-range surface-to-air missile system, Air DefenseTor-M2Sistema móvil de defensa aérea

El mismo relato del Ministerio de Defensa de Ucrania describió el uso ruso de embarcaciones clase Serna y Akula para trasladar fuerzas de asalto y sistemas de defensa aérea como Tor-M2 a zonas costeras difíciles.

Sources: Ukraine MoD Black Sea Fleet losses

Lanchas de desembarco rusas relacionadas

La Ondatra forma parte del mismo ecosistema ruso de pequeñas lanchas de desembarco que otros diseños más rápidos o recientes documentados en operaciones del mar Negro.

Compatible itemItem typeCompatibility evidence
Serna-class landing craft (Project 11770), Air-cavity fast landing craft, Naval SystemsSerna-class landing craft (Project 11770)Lancha de desembarco de cavidad de aire

La Dirección Principal de Inteligencia de Ucrania identificó una embarcación Project 11770 Serna y una Project 1176 Akula como las dos lanchas de desembarco rusas hundidas en el ataque de noviembre de 2023 en la bahía de Vuzka.

Sources: Russian Landing Boats Which Were Hit in Crimea Sink to Bottom

Timeline

Lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra (Project 1176) Key Events

  1. La clase entra en servicio

    WeaponSystems.net lista la clase Project 1176 Akula como entrada en servicio en 1971, lo que marca el comienzo de la carrera naval de la lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra.

    Sources: Project 1176 Akula class

  2. Oryx registra pérdidas de Project 1176 en la guerra

    El registro de pérdidas navales de Oryx para la invasión rusa de Ucrania incluye una embarcación rusa Project 1176 clase Ondatra dañada y una lancha de desembarco ucraniana Project 1176, Svatove, dañada.

    Sources: List Of Naval Losses During The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine

  3. Un ataque con drones en Crimea hunde una embarcación Akula/Ondatra

    La Dirección Principal de Inteligencia de Ucrania informó de que una Project 1176 Akula rusa y una Project 11770 Serna se hundieron tras un ataque ucraniano con drones de superficie en la bahía de Vuzka, Crimea ocupada.

    Sources: Russian Landing Boats Which Were Hit in Crimea Sink to Bottom

Media

Lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra (Project 1176) Images

Lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra (Project 1176), Lancha de desembarco mecanizada, Sistemas navales - view 1
Source: D-704 in Amur Bay, 2010-07-25
Lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra (Project 1176), Lancha de desembarco mecanizada, Sistemas navales - view 2
Source: U-763.jpg
Lancha de desembarco clase Ondatra (Project 1176), Lancha de desembarco mecanizada, Sistemas navales - view 3
Source: RIAN archive 711423 Vostok 2010 Strategic Exercise in Vladivostok.jpg
Related Weapon Systems
Serna-class landing craft (Project 11770), Air-cavity fast landing craft, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsSerna-class landing craft (Project 11770)Air-cavity fast landing craftProject 11770 Serna is a Russian air-cavity fast landing craft built for over-the-beach movement of vehicles, cargo, and assault troops to unimproved shores. KCHF and RussianShips list a 25.65 m, five-person craft capable of 35 knots and carrying one main battle tank, two BTRs, 92 troops, or 50 tons of cargo. During the Russia-Ukraine War, Russian Serna craft appeared as Black Sea logistics and air-defense transport targets around Snake Island and occupied Crimea.
Dyugon-class landing craft (Project 21820), Air-cavity landing craft, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsDyugon-class landing craft (Project 21820)Air-cavity landing craftThe Dyugon-class landing craft, Project 21820, is a Russian air-cavity fast landing craft developed by the Nizhny Novgorod Central Design Bureau for Hydrofoils as a larger successor to the Serna family. Built across Volga, Vostochnaya Verf, and Yaroslavl shipyards, the class moves tanks, armored vehicles, cargo, or marines to unimproved shores, and Russia used Dyugon craft around Snake Island in 2022 as part of Black Sea logistics and air-defense reinforcement activity.
Zubr-class air-cushion landing craft (Project 12322 Pomornik), Air-cushioned landing craft, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsZubr-class air-cushion landing craft (Project 12322 Pomornik)Air-cushioned landing craftThe Zubr class is a Soviet-designed Project 12322 Pomornik air-cushion landing craft developed by Almaz for high-speed amphibious lift. It can carry tanks, armored vehicles, troops, cargo, or naval mines directly onto prepared or unprepared shores, using bow and stern ramps and integral close-in armament. Greece operates the type as the Kefalonia/PTM class, while China acquired and locally expanded the related Project 958/Type 958 line.
Project 1171 Tapir / Alligator-class large landing ship, Large landing ship / landing ship tank, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsProject 1171 Tapir / Alligator-class large landing shipLarge landing ship / landing ship tankThe Project 1171 Tapir / Alligator-class large landing ship is a Soviet-designed beachable landing ship tank built by Yantar Shipyard in Kaliningrad. The class was created to move troops, tanks, vehicles, ammunition, and cargo directly onto shore or through captured ports, and Russian use of the type as a Sea of Azov resupply ship was documented during the 2022 phase of the Russia-Ukraine War.
BK-16 high-speed assault / landing craft (Project 02510), High-speed assault and landing craft, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsBK-16 high-speed assault / landing craft (Project 02510)High-speed assault and landing craftThe BK-16 is a Russian high-speed assault and landing craft of Project 02510, developed by Kalashnikov Concern's Rybinsk Shipyard for coastal, river-mouth, and unequipped-shore operations. Public sources distinguish domestic Project 02510 craft from the BK-16E export model, with both centered on troop transport, landing support, patrol, and modular fire-support or specialist mission fits; Russian craft are documented in wartime use or losses in the Black Sea and occupied Crimea during the Russia-Ukraine war.
Ivan Gren-class landing ship (Project 11711), Large landing ship / landing ship tank, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsIvan Gren-class landing ship (Project 11711)Large landing ship / landing ship tankThe Ivan Gren-class landing ship (Project 11711) is a Russian large landing ship / landing ship tank designed by Nevskoe Design Bureau and built by Yantar Shipyard. The class carries troops, armored vehicles, cargo, helicopters, and obstacle-laying payloads for amphibious and naval transport missions; Pyotr Morgunov was part of Russia's Black Sea amphibious force during the full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

Sources

Landing Craft D-106 - Project 1176 / Ondatra ClassPublisher: Black Sea Fleet / KCHF.RU | Note: Supports the Project 1176 Ondatra class designation, Soviet and Russian Navy builder and service context, and core specifications including dimensions, propulsion, range, and cargo capacity. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Project 1176 Akula classPublisher: WeaponSystems.net | Note: Supports the NATO reporting name, origin, producer context, service entry, production dates, builder list, and specifications for the class. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Landing craft - Project 1176, 1176EPublisher: RussianShips.info | Note: Supports Project 1176 Akula and Project 1176E designations, hull and builder context, export/operator context, and specifications including capacity, range, autonomy, and sensors. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Russian Landing Boats Which Were Hit in Crimea Sink to BottomPublisher: Defence Intelligence of Ukraine | Note: Supports direct 2014 Russia-Ukraine War use/loss context by identifying a Russian Project 1176 Akula craft sunk after a November 10, 2023 surface-drone attack in Vuzka Bay, occupied Crimea. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Ukraine MoD Black Sea Fleet lossesPublisher: Ministry of Defence of Ukraine | Note: Supports direct 2014 Russia-Ukraine War context for the Vuzka Bay USV strike on a Project 1176 Akula craft and supports transport-role claims involving armored vehicles and coastal logistics. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Two Russia's Landing Craft Were DestroyedPublisher: Defense Express | Note: Supports direct 2014 Russia-Ukraine War context by reporting DIU confirmation that a Project 1176 Akula/Ondatra craft and a Project 11770 Serna craft were destroyed in Vuzka Bay. | Accessed: 2026-07-03List Of Naval Losses During The Russian Invasion Of UkrainePublisher: Oryx | Note: Supports direct 2014 Russia-Ukraine War context by listing a Russian Project 1176 Ondatra-class landing craft and a Ukrainian Project 1176 landing boat, Svatove, as damaged. | Accessed: 2026-07-03Ukraine Naval drone successfully hits two Russian landing craftPublisher: Army Recognition | Note: Supports direct 2014 Russia-Ukraine War context for the November 2023 Vuzka Bay attack involving an Ondatra-class Project 1176 craft and a Serna-class craft. | Accessed: 2026-07-03MDBprojectT-36-1990Vladivostok.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance and public-domain context for the primary gallery image. | Accessed: 2026-07-03D-704 in Amur Bay, 2010-07-25Publisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the second gallery image. | Accessed: 2026-07-03U-763.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the third gallery image. | Accessed: 2026-07-03RIAN archive 711423 Vostok 2010 Strategic Exercise in Vladivostok.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the Vostok 2010 Project 1176/Ondatra landing-craft gallery image. | Accessed: 2026-07-03