The Steyr AUG is an Austrian 5.56x45 mm NATO bullpup assault rifle built around a compact modular layout, interchangeable barrels, and synthetic magazines. In the Yemen Civil War, open-source reporting links AUG rifles to Saudi use and provision within the coalition-backed weapons flow, including diversion into Yemen's wartime arms markets.
Jamestown reporting during the Yemen Civil War described Steyr AUG rifles as used by and provided by Saudi Arabia in Yemen, with some coalition-supplied small arms circulating through anti-Houthi forces and local arms markets.
Arsenal AR-M9 / AR-M9F5.56 x 45 mm Kalashnikov-pattern assault rifleThe Arsenal AR-M9 and folding-stock AR-M9F are Bulgarian 5.56 x 45 mm Kalashnikov-pattern assault rifles built by Arsenal JSCo. Open-source arms researchers documented the rifles with UAE-trained pro-government Yemeni resistance fighters and a Sudanese coalition soldier during the Yemen Civil War, making the family a small-arms example of Gulf-backed coalition equipment flows.
Heckler & Koch G37.62 mm select-fire battle rifleThe Heckler & Koch G3 is a roller-delayed 7.62 x 51 mm NATO battle rifle developed in West Germany from the CETME rifle family. In the Yemen Civil War, reporting and arms-monitoring material connect Saudi-produced or Saudi-supplied G3 rifles to anti-Houthi forces, with some examples later captured or diverted in Yemen's fragmented arms environment.
Heckler & Koch G365.56 mm assault rifleThe Heckler & Koch G36 is a German 5.56 mm assault rifle built around a polymer receiver, short-stroke gas operation, and modular rifle, carbine, and compact variants. In the Yemen Civil War record, it appears through reporting on Saudi-licensed German-designed rifles that were issued to Hadi-aligned forces and then diverted or sold into militant hands, including AQAP imagery.
IWI Tavor/X95 rifle familyBullpup assault rifle familyThe IWI Tavor/X95 rifle family is Israel's compact bullpup service-rifle line, centered on the original Tavor and the modern Micro-Tavor X95. IWI designed the family to keep rifle-length 5.56 NATO handling in a shorter package, and the IDF has associated the X95 with infantry service and Gaza operations during the Israel-Hamas War.
AK-pattern assault rifleSelective-fire assault rifle familyAK-pattern assault rifles are Kalashnikov-family small arms derived from the Soviet AK-47 and later AKM pattern, usually chambered in 7.62 x 39 mm for the rifles documented in Yemen interdiction reporting. In the Yemen Civil War, official U.S. reporting has repeatedly tied AK-47 and Type 56-family rifle shipments to illicit maritime supply routes from Iran toward Houthi-aligned forces.
AKM7.62x39mm assault rifleThe AKM is the stamped-receiver modernization of the Soviet Kalashnikov assault rifle, chambered for 7.62x39mm and built around a long-stroke gas piston and rotating bolt. Its lower production burden, broad Warsaw Pact and licensed manufacture, and large legacy stocks keep it visible in modern conflicts, including the Israel-Hamas War, where AP reported Hamas fighters using AK-47 assault rifles in Gaza after the Oct. 7 attack and in the wider Kalashnikov rifle family.