Direct proof of use
Armament Research Services documented the 9M113 Konkurs as a missile system employed in the 2011 Syrian Civil War by multiple Syrian groups, including Ahrar al-Sham and the Syrian Arab Army. Its 2016 technical profile also noted a 9M113M missile with an upgraded warhead captured by Islamic State in Syria, showing the improved variant present in the war's weapons environment.
Bellingcat's review of Syrian rebel anti-tank guided missile use identifies the 9M113 Konkurs / AT-5 Spandrel among the ATGMs used in the war and describes it as the most common ATGM in the Syrian arsenal. The same review includes a December 2012 Raqqa image captioned as a 9M113 Konkurs and places the missile inside the broader rebel ATGM record built from archived visual evidence.
Sources: ARES Introduction to the 9M113 Konkurs ATGM, Bellingcat Seven Years of War
Timeline
The earliest dated Konkurs-specific point in the sources used here is December 2012, when Bellingcat captioned a 9M113 Konkurs in Raqqa governorate. Bellingcat reported only nine visually confirmed rebel ATGM launches for 2012, then counted 257 for 2013 as the war developed clearer front lines and rebels captured larger quantities of anti-tank weapons.
By 2016, ARES described Konkurs systems as recently employed by various Syrian groups and reported a captured 9M113M tube in Syria with a 2006 production date. That evidence supports presence and use of both baseline and improved Konkurs-family missiles in the Syrian theater, while the public sources do not provide a complete Konkurs-only launch count.
Sources: ARES Introduction to the 9M113 Konkurs ATGM, Bellingcat Seven Years of War
Battlefield role
In Syrian government service, the Konkurs fit the army's Soviet-origin anti-tank inventory and could be fired from infantry launchers or vehicle mounts associated with BMP-series platforms. ARES identifies the Syrian Arab Army among Syrian users, while Bellingcat notes that the Syrian Arab Army entered the war with large stocks of Soviet-origin anti-tank weapons accumulated before the conflict.
In opposition service, the same missile family functioned as a captured or otherwise acquired guided anti-armor weapon for rebel formations. Bellingcat describes rebel access to trained ATGM personnel, captured government stocks, and later external supply streams; ARES specifically names Ahrar al-Sham among Syrian groups documented with Konkurs systems.
Sources: ARES Introduction to the 9M113 Konkurs ATGM, Bellingcat Seven Years of War
Evidence limits
The sources support Konkurs-family use and presence in the Syrian Civil War, including by Syrian rebel groups and the Syrian Arab Army, but they do not establish a public incident-by-incident Konkurs launch log. Where Bellingcat discusses launch totals and battlefield effects, those figures cover rebel ATGM use as a category rather than only 9M113 Konkurs shots.
Sources: ARES Introduction to the 9M113 Konkurs ATGM, Bellingcat Seven Years of War
