Munitions

9M317 surface-to-air missile

Also known as
  • 9M317 SAM
  • 9M317M
  • 9M317ME

The 9M317 is a Russian medium-range surface-to-air missile family associated with Buk-M1-2, Buk-M2/Buk-M2E, and Shtil-1 derivatives. Public references describe it as a solid-fuel, radar-guided round of about 5.5 meters and 710-715 kilograms, with inertial/radio-corrected midcourse guidance, terminal semi-active radar homing, and an approximately 70-kilogram fragmentation warhead.

9M317 surface-to-air missile, Medium-range surface-to-air missile, Munitions
Image source: File:9M317 surface-to-air missile of Buk-M2E.jpg
Profile / Specs

Specifications

Length
5.5 m
Launch weight
710-715 kg in open Buk-M2E and 9M317 references
Wingspan
860 mm
Warhead
Up to 70 kg high-explosive or rod-fragmentation warhead with radar proximity and contact fuzing
Propulsion
Solid-fuel, two-mode rocket motor
Guidance
Inertial navigation with radio-correction and terminal semi-active radar homing
Range
3-45 km against aerodynamic targets in Buk-M2E published data; 9M317-family references also list up to 45-50 km
Altitude
0.015-25 km against aerodynamic targets in Buk-M2E published data
Maximum speed
Up to 1,230 m/s in open 9M317-family references
Service life
Missilery.info describes the complete round as requiring no checks or adjustment during a 10-year service life
Variants

9M317E is the export Buk-M2E missile designation, while 9M317M/9M317ME appears in open references as a later naval or vertical-launch branch of the same missile family.

VariantConfigurationDesignation notes
9M317E surface-to-air missile, Export medium-range surface-to-air missile, Munitions9M317E surface-to-air missileExport Buk-M2E missile designation

Army Recognition identifies Buk-M2E TELARs as carrying four ready-to-launch 9M317E missiles, while Army Technology and Missilery.info describe the broader Buk-M2/Buk-M2E family around 9M317 missiles.

Sources: Buk-M2E, Buk-M2E Air Defence Missile System - Army Technology, 9K317 Buk-M2 - Missilery.info

9M317M / 9M317MELater vertical-launch naval branch

Deagel groups 9M317M and 9M317ME under the 9M317 family and distinguishes the M variant as a vertical-launch missile with 50 km listed range.

Sources: 9M317 - Deagel

Launch Platforms

The 9M317 is launched by Buk-family medium-range air defense systems.

LauncherLauncher typeLaunch evidence
Buk-M2, Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air DefenseBuk-M2Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system

Army Technology says the Buk-M2E system uses 9M317 anti-aircraft-guided missiles, and Missilery.info lists 9M317 missiles among the 9K317 Buk-M2 combat assets.

Sources: Buk-M2E Air Defence Missile System - Army Technology, 9K317 Buk-M2 - Missilery.info

Project 11356R / Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate, Guided-missile frigate, Naval SystemsProject 11356R / Admiral Grigorovich-class frigateShtil-1 vertical-launch naval platform

Deagel groups 9M317M/ME with the 9M317 family and shows Admiral Grigorovich firing 9M317M missiles, matching the class's Shtil-1 air-defense context.

Sources: 9M317 - Deagel

Launcher And Designation Notes

The 9M317 family is easiest to read by separating the missile designation from the launch systems that public sources usually describe.

Designation or contextDocumented connectionReader note
9M317Missilery.info lists 9M317 anti-aircraft guided missiles as part of the 9K317 Buk-M2 complex and describes their inertial/radio-corrected, semi-active-radar terminal guidance.Use 9M317 as the baseline land-system missile-family designation.
9M317EArmy Recognition identifies Buk-M2E TELARs as carrying four ready-to-launch 9M317E missiles.The E suffix marks the export Buk-M2E missile designation.
9M317M / 9M317MEDeagel groups the M and ME designations under the 9M317 family and describes the M branch as a vertical-launch missile.The M/ME branch is a later naval or vertical-launch reference, not the same designation as 9M317E.
Buk-M2 and Shtil-1 launch contextsArmy Technology, Missilery.info, and Deagel document the missile family through the land-based Buk-M2/Buk-M2E and naval Shtil-1 contexts.The linked platform pages carry their own service and conflict evidence; this missile page focuses on directly sourced missile relationships.

Sources: Buk-M2E Air Defence Missile System - Army Technology; Buk-M2E; 9K317 Buk-M2 - Missilery.info; 9M317 - Deagel.

Timeline

9M317 surface-to-air missile Key Events

  1. Buk-M2 design work completed

    Army Technology says the Buk-M2E system design process was completed in 1988 before later production and export activity.

    Sources: Buk-M2E Air Defence Missile System - Army Technology

  2. 9M317 family listed in service

    Deagel places 9M317 family introduction in 2003 and describes the family as solid-propellant, medium-range surface-to-air missiles.

    Sources: 9M317 - Deagel

  3. Buk-M2E export system shown

    Missilery.info describes the Buk-M2E export variant as first presented at MAKS-2007 and tied to the 9M317 missile family.

    Sources: 9K317 Buk-M2 - Missilery.info

  4. Buk-M2 production context

    Missilery.info says Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant began serial production of the modern 9K317 Buk-M2 complex in 2008, while Army Technology identifies 2008 Russian Army service for Buk-M2.

    Sources: 9K317 Buk-M2 - Missilery.info, Buk-M2E Air Defence Missile System - Army Technology

  5. Naval 9M317M firing reference

    Deagel's 9M317 media references identify Admiral Grigorovich firing 9M317M surface-to-air missiles, illustrating the later naval branch of the family.

    Sources: 9M317 - Deagel

Media

9M317 surface-to-air missile Images

9M317 surface-to-air missile, Medium-range surface-to-air missile, Munitions - view 1
Source: File:Buk-m2 ky.jpg
Related Weapon Systems
9A317 TELAR, Tracked Buk-M2 transporter erector launcher and radar, Air DefenseAir Defense9A317 TELARTracked Buk-M2 transporter erector launcher and radarThe 9A317 TELAR is the tracked self-propelled firing vehicle for the 9K317 Buk-M2 medium-range surface-to-air missile system. Open technical and export-system references describe it as a GM-569-based launcher-radar vehicle with four ready 9M317-family missiles, onboard target detection and illumination, electro-optical backup channels in the 9A317E export version, and autonomous firing capability inside a wider Buk-M2 battery; Ukraine-war loss reporting ties Russian 9A317 TELARs to visually documented battlefield losses.
Buk-M2, Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air DefenseAir DefenseBuk-M2Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile systemThe Buk-M2 is a Russian tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system in the Buk family, using 9M317-family missiles and networked radar vehicles to defend maneuver forces and fixed sites against aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, precision weapons, and some ballistic targets. Conflict records tie Buk-M2/Buk-M2E systems to Russian battlefield air defense in Ukraine, Syrian government air-defense engagements, the April 2018 Syria strike response, and Venezuelan air-defense losses during the 2026 United States-Venezuela Conflict.
9M311 surface-to-air missile, Two-stage command-guided surface-to-air missile, MunitionsMunitions9M311 surface-to-air missileTwo-stage command-guided surface-to-air missileThe 9M311 is a Soviet two-stage, radio-command guided surface-to-air missile family developed for the Tunguska gun-missile air-defense system and adapted for naval Kortik/Kashtan installations. Sources describe a detachable booster, an unpowered missile stage guided by radio commands, and a continuous-rod warhead. Open reporting also documents Ukrainian Tunguska use with a 9M311-series missile firing during the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War.
9K37 Buk, Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system, Air DefenseAir Defense9K37 BukTracked medium-range surface-to-air missile systemThe 9K37 Buk is the original Soviet tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system behind the SA-11 Gadfly family, built around mobile command, target-acquisition, TELAR, reload, and 9M38/9M38M1 missile elements. It remains relevant in conflict records because Buk-M1 systems appeared in Georgia's 2008 air-defense campaign and in the 2014 Russia-Ukraine War, including Ukraine's surviving Buk-M1 network and the evidence chain around the Russian Buk TELAR that launched the MH17 missile.
9A317M TELAR, Tracked Buk-M3 transporter erector launcher and radar, Air DefenseAir Defense9A317M TELARTracked Buk-M3 transporter erector launcher and radarThe 9A317M TELAR is the autonomous tracked firing vehicle for Russia's 9K317M Buk-M3 medium-range surface-to-air missile system. Open technical sources describe it as a six-canister, radar-equipped self-propelled firing unit able to receive target designation, track targets, prepare missile flight tasks, illuminate targets, and launch 9M317M-family missiles; Ukraine-war reporting and loss documentation identify Russian 9A317M TELARs and Buk-M3 launchers as battlefield air-defense targets.

Sources

Buk-M2E Air Defence Missile System - Army TechnologyPublisher: Army Technology | Note: Identifies the Buk-M2E system as using 9M317 anti-aircraft-guided missiles and supports DNPP manufacturer, missile dimensions, warhead, guidance, development, and service context. | Accessed: 2026-06-29Buk-M2EPublisher: Army Recognition | Note: Documents the Buk-M2E TELAR loadout and identifies the export system as carrying four ready-to-launch 9M317E missiles. | Accessed: 2026-06-299M317 - DeagelPublisher: Deagel | Note: Summarizes the 9M317 family, including 9M317M/ME designations, 2003 service context, solid-fuel propulsion, speed, guidance, and naval Shtil-1 media references. | Accessed: 2026-06-299K317 Buk-M2 - Missilery.infoPublisher: Missilery.info | Note: Supports Buk-M2/Buk-M1-2 system context for 9M317 missiles, guidance, speed, dimensions, warhead, 10-year service-life note, and MAKS-2007/Buk-M2E background. | Accessed: 2026-06-29File:9M317 surface-to-air missile of Buk-M2E.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Image provenance and licensing context for the 9M317 Buk-M2E missile photo. | Accessed: 2026-06-29File:Buk-m2 ky.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Image provenance and licensing context for a Buk-M2 launcher context image. | Accessed: 2026-06-29