Sistemas navales

Fragata clase Project 11661 Gepard

Also known as
  • Fragata clase Gepard

La fragata clase Project 11661 Gepard es una familia de fragatas multipropósito de construcción rusa diseñada para misiones antisuperficie, antisubmarinas y de defensa antiaérea, además de tareas de control fronterizo y búsqueda y rescate en tiempo de paz. La clase abarca variantes de la Armada rusa y de exportación, y el papel de ataque con Kalibr del Dagestan la convirtió en uno de los buques de la Flotilla del Caspio usados contra Siria en 2015.

Fragata clase Project 11661 Gepard, Clase de fragata, Sistemas navales
Image source: Caspian Frigate Dagestan.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

Role in Conflicts

Export Variant Split

GlobalMilitary.net describe tres configuraciones de exportación que dividen la clase en funciones de combate, patrulla y escolta.

VarianteFunciónEstado
Gepard 3.9Fragata de combate multipropósitoExportada a Vietnam como configuración de producción.
Gepard 5.1Buque patrullero oceánicoVariante de exportación propuesta.
Gepard 5.3Fragata de escoltaVariante de exportación propuesta.
Profile / Specs

Profile

Origin
Rusia
Built in
Russia
Type
Clase de fragata
Service note
Diseño de la década de 1990 en servicio naval ruso durante la década de 2010
Designed
Principios de la década de 1990
Unit cost
Alrededor de 175 millones de dólares
Produced
1991-2018
Number built
6 completadas

Specifications

Desplazamiento a plena carga
2.200 toneladas
Dimensiones
102 x 14 x 5,4 m
Velocidad máxima
24 nudos
Alcance
4.000 millas
Armamento principal
1 cañón AK-176MA-01 de 76,2 mm, 8 misiles de crucero Kalibr, sistema de artillería antiaérea Palma con SAM Sosna-R y 2 lanzatorpedos de tubos dobles
Instalación de aviación
Instalación para helicóptero de 12 toneladas
Variants
  • Project 11661
  • Project 11661K
  • Gepard 3.9
  • Gepard 5.1
  • Gepard 5.3
Municiones transportadas

La configuración moderna de ataque de la clase se centra en el misil de crucero de la familia Kalibr.

Carried itemItem typeCarriage evidence
Kalibr, Sea-launched cruise missile family, MunitionsKalibrMisil de crucero

GlobalMilitary afirma que la configuración del Dagestan usa ocho celdas de lanzamiento vertical UKSK para misiles Kalibr, lo que da a la clase una capacidad de ataque de largo alcance más allá de las tareas de patrulla y escolta.

Sources: Gepard-class: Frigate Specs & History

Timeline

Fragata clase Project 11661 Gepard Key Events

  1. Comienza la construcción del Project 11661

    GlobalMilitary afirma que la primera unidad Project 11661 comenzó su construcción en 1991, lo que marcó el inicio del largo desarrollo de la clase.

    Sources: Gepard-class: Frigate Specs & History

  2. Tatarstan entra en servicio ruso

    GlobalMilitary enumera al buque líder Tatarstan como entrado en servicio en 2002, antes de que entregas posteriores a la Armada rusa y de exportación ampliaran la familia.

    Sources: Gepard-class: Frigate Specs & History

  3. Dagestan entra en servicio ruso

    Los metadatos navales de fuentes abiertas y los informes sitúan al Dagestan en servicio con la Armada rusa y la Flotilla del Caspio a finales de noviembre de 2012.

    Sources: Dagestan (ship, 2012) - Wikimedia Commons

  4. La Flotilla del Caspio lanza ataques contra Siria

    The Washington Institute informó que la Flotilla del Caspio de Rusia disparó misiles de crucero desde sus buques contra objetivos en Siria, con el Dagestan entre las fragatas del grupo de la flotilla.

    Sources: Russia's Cruise Missiles Raise the Stakes in the Caspian

  5. Vietnam pone en servicio más fragatas clase Gepard

    Naval Today informó que la Armada Popular de Vietnam puso en servicio otro par de fragatas clase Gepard de construcción rusa, lo que muestra el papel continuado de exportación de la clase.

    Sources: Vietnam Navy commissions two Russian-built Gepard 3.9 frigates

Media

Fragata clase Project 11661 Gepard Images

Fragata clase Project 11661 Gepard, Clase de fragata, Sistemas navales - view 1
Source: Caspian Flotilla Parade.jpg - Wikimedia Commons
Fragata clase Project 11661 Gepard, Clase de fragata, Sistemas navales - view 2
Source: Caspian Frigate Tatarstan.jpg - Wikimedia Commons
Related Weapon Systems
Project 22350 Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate, Guided-missile frigate, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsProject 22350 Admiral Gorshkov-class frigateGuided-missile frigateThe Project 22350 Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate is a Russian multirole guided-missile frigate family designed by Severnoye Design Bureau and built by Severnaya Verf for escort, air defense, anti-submarine warfare, and long-range strike. Public sources describe it as Russia's post-Soviet ocean-going surface combatant class built around UKSK vertical launch cells for Kalibr, Oniks, and Tsirkon missiles, with later hulls receiving expanded launcher fits.
Project 11356R / Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate, Guided-missile frigate, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsProject 11356R / Admiral Grigorovich-class frigateGuided-missile frigateProject 11356R / Admiral Grigorovich-class frigates are Russian guided-missile frigates built by Yantar Shipyard from Severnoye Design Bureau's Project 11356 design line. Three ships entered Russian Navy service in 2016-2017 for Black Sea Fleet use, combining Kalibr land-attack capability, Shtil-1 air defense, a helicopter hangar, and reduced-signature hull features; later unfinished Russian hulls were redirected into India's upgraded Project 1135.6/Tushil-class path.
Neustrashimy-class frigate, Anti-submarine warfare frigate, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsNeustrashimy-class frigateAnti-submarine warfare frigateThe Neustrashimy-class frigate is the Soviet Project 11540 Yastreb anti-submarine warfare frigate family, designed through a long Cold War development path and built at Yantar Shipbuilding Plant in Kaliningrad for Russian Baltic Fleet service. Only Neustrashimy and Yaroslav Mudry were completed, but the class combines a 129.8 m hull, helicopter facilities, sonar-centered anti-submarine weapons, 3K95 Kinzhal naval surface-to-air missiles, Kortik close-in defenses, and Kh-35 Uran anti-ship missiles on the second ship. Neustrashimy is directly documented in the 2008 Gulf of Aden counter-piracy campaign.
Project 1135 Burevestnik / Krivak-class frigate and derivatives, Anti-submarine frigate family, Naval SystemsNaval SystemsProject 1135 Burevestnik / Krivak-class frigate and derivativesAnti-submarine frigate familyProject 1135 Burevestnik, known to NATO as the Krivak class, is a Soviet anti-submarine frigate family developed by the Northern Design Bureau as a smaller ocean-going successor to the Riga class. The family combined gas-turbine propulsion, URK-5/Rastrub anti-submarine missiles, Osa-M/Osa-MA point defense, guns, torpedoes, and RBU launchers, then branched into border-guard, Indian export, and Russian guided-missile derivatives. Its 2014 Russia-Ukraine War record centers on Ukraine's Krivak III-derived Hetman Sahaidachny, which was scuttled at Mykolaiv in 2022 to avoid capture.

Sources

Project 11661 Gepard-3.9 frigatePublisher: Rosoboronexport | Note: Supports Project 11661 background, the frigate's intended roles, listed armament, displacement, dimensions, speed, range, and helicopter facility. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Zelenodolsk "Gepard" brought victory to TatarstanPublisher: Tatarstan Investment Development Agency | Note: Supports Zelenodolsk Plant named after A.M. Gorky as the builder and the Gepard-3.9 production background in Tatarstan. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Russia's Cruise Missiles Raise the Stakes in the CaspianPublisher: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy | Note: Supports 2011 Syrian Civil War conflict use by documenting the Caspian Flotilla missile strike group and the Gepard-class frigate Dagestan's presence in that force on 7 October 2015. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Caspian Frigate Dagestan.jpg - Wikimedia CommonsPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance and public-domain licensing context for the Dagestan photograph used as the primary image. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Dagestan (ship, 2012) - Wikimedia CommonsPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports Dagestan's builder metadata and public-service status shown on the Commons category page for the ship. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Vietnam Navy commissions two Russian-built Gepard 3.9 frigatesPublisher: Naval Today | Note: Supports Vietnam People's Navy commissioning and delivery context for the Gepard-class export variant. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Caspian Flotilla Parade.jpg - Wikimedia CommonsPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports gallery image provenance and public-domain licensing context for the parade image featuring Dagestan. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Caspian Frigate Tatarstan.jpg - Wikimedia CommonsPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports gallery image provenance and public-domain licensing context for the sister-ship photograph. | Accessed: 2026-06-25Gepard-class: Frigate Specs & HistoryPublisher: GlobalMilitary.net | Note: Supports the class's early-1990s development, 1991 construction start, 2002 service entry for Tatarstan, export variants, completed ship count, and reported approximate unit cost. | Accessed: 2026-06-27