Sistemas navales

Fragata de clase Neustrashimy

Also known as
  • Project 11540
  • Project 11540 Yastreb
  • Yastreb
  • Neustrashimyy class
  • NATO: Neustrashimyy

La fragata de clase Neustrashimy es la familia soviética Project 11540 Yastreb de fragatas de guerra antisubmarina, diseñada mediante un largo proceso de desarrollo de la Guerra Fría y construida en Yantar Shipbuilding Plant, en Kaliningrado, para el servicio de la Flota del Báltico rusa. Solo se completaron Neustrashimy y Yaroslav Mudry, pero la clase combina un casco de 129,8 m, instalaciones para helicóptero, armas antisubmarinas centradas en sonar, misiles navales superficie-aire 3K95 Kinzhal, defensas de punto Kortik y misiles antibuque Kh-35 Uran en el segundo buque. Neustrashimy está documentado directamente en la campaña contra la piratería de 2008 en el golfo de Adén.

Fragata de clase Neustrashimy, Fragata de guerra antisubmarina, Sistemas navales
Image source: NEUSTRASHIMY class frigate.jpg

Role in Conflicts

Profile / Specs

Profile

Origin
Unión Soviética
Built in
Russia
Type
Fragata de guerra antisubmarina
Service note
Década de 1980-presente
Designer
Zelenodolsk Design and Development Bureau
Designed
Comienzos a mediados de la década de 1980
Produced
1986-2009
Number built
2 construidos, 5 cancelados

Specifications

Desplazamiento
4.350-4.450 toneladas a plena carga
Eslora
129,8 m total
Manga
15,6 m
Calado
4,8 m de casco
Velocidad
29-30 nudos
Alcance
3.000 nm a 18 nudos; 4.500 nm a 14 nudos
Autonomía
30 días
Dotación
210, incluidos 35 oficiales
Sensores
Radar de búsqueda aérea/superficie MR-750 Fregat-M2, radar de control de tiro MR-145, radar de navegación MR-212 y sonar MGK-365 Zvezda-M1
Armamento
Cañón AK-100 de 100 mm, misiles antibuque Kh-35 Uran en Yaroslav Mudry, SAM 3K95 Kinzhal, tubos lanzatorpedos de 533 mm, RBU-6000 y CIWS 3M87 Kortik
Aeronave
1 helicóptero Ka-27PL
Design Path And Completed Ships

El Project 11540 creció a partir de requisitos soviéticos de escolta antisubmarina hasta convertirse en un diseño de fragata de mayor tamaño para la Flota del Báltico, con funciones de defensa de convoyes, escolta de grupos de tarea y autodefensa multidominio. La interrupción de financiación postsoviética dejó solo dos cascos completados en servicio.

Buque o derivadoEstado documentadoContexto respaldado por fuentes
NeustrashimyBuque líderBuque líder del Project 11540 construido por Yantar; entró en el registro de servicio de la clase a comienzos de la década de 1990 y posteriormente pasó por un largo ciclo de reparación y modernización.
Yaroslav MudrySegundo buque completadoCompletado después del colapso soviético y entregado en 2009, formando el registro operativo de dos buques de la clase.
Cascos canceladosSin terminar o canceladosRussianShips.info y WeaponsSystems.net describen una serie planificada más grande que se redujo a dos buques completados y cinco cascos cancelados.
Project 11541 KorsarDiseño derivado de exportaciónGlobalSecurity describe Korsar como un desarrollo adicional de la línea de diseño Project 11540/1154 para tareas de escolta, patrulla, guerra antisubmarina, guerra antisuperficie y defensa aérea.

Primary support: Project 1154 Neustrashimy class; Guard Ships - Project 11540; Project 11540 Yastreb class; Neustrashimy Class (Type 11540).

Timeline

Fragata de clase Neustrashimy Key Events

  1. Expanded Project 11540 development approved

    GlobalSecurity describe la clase como un diseño que creció a partir de requisitos anteriores de escolta antisubmarina hasta convertirse en un buque más grande destinado a defender grupos de tarea y convoyes frente a amenazas submarinas, de superficie y aéreas.

    Sources: Project 1154 Neustrashimy class

  2. Production opens at Yantar

    RussianShips.info y WeaponsSystems.net sitúan la producción del Project 11540 en Yantar Shipyard, en Kaliningrado, con los dos buques completados procedentes de un programa originalmente previsto para una serie mayor.

    Sources: Guard Ships - Project 11540, Project 11540 Yastreb class

  3. Lead ship enters Russian Navy service

    WeaponsSystems.net lista la entrada en servicio de la clase en 1993, mientras que RussianShips.info identifica a Neustrashimy como el buque líder completado del Project 11540.

    Sources: Guard Ships - Project 11540, Project 11540 Yastreb class

  4. Neustrashimy used in Gulf of Aden counter-piracy action

    Informes de The Guardian y de agencias dijeron que Neustrashimy y HMS Cumberland ayudaron a repeler un ataque pirata contra el carguero danés Powerful durante la crisis de piratería somalí de 2008.

    Sources: British and Russian ships fight off Somali pirates, Russian, British frigates repel Somalia pirates

  5. Yaroslav Mudry completes the operational pair

    Naval Technology y RussianShips.info informan que el segundo buque Project 11540 completado, Yaroslav Mudry, fue entregado tras una larga demora de construcción, dejando dos buques completados y cinco cascos cancelados en el registro de la clase.

    Sources: Neustrashimy Class (Type 11540), Guard Ships - Project 11540

  6. Acceptance trials begin after overhaul

    Informes rusos y cobertura de Naval Today dijeron que Neustrashimy comenzó pruebas de aceptación en el mar Báltico después de años de trabajos de reparación y modernización.

    Sources: Russian frigate Neustrashimy starts acceptance trials after years-long repairs

  7. Upgrade tests conclude with missile firings

    TASS informó que el buque de guardia de la Flota del Báltico completó las pruebas de entrega y aceptación tras su modernización y disparó su sistema de misiles superficie-aire durante los ensayos.

    Sources: Russian Navy’s guard ship wraps up Baltic tests after upgrade

Combat System Fit

La clase está centrada en tareas de escolta antisubmarina, pero lleva armas escalonadas de autodefensa y ataque de superficie. Las descripciones de las fuentes difieren según el buque, especialmente porque Yaroslav Mudry es el portador documentado de Kh-35 Uran dentro de la pareja completada.

ÁreaEquipamiento informadoSignificado operativo
Guerra antisubmarinaSonar MGK-365 Zvezda-M1, tubos lanzatorpedos de 533 mm, opciones Vodopad-NK/torpedo, RBU-6000 y un helicóptero Ka-27PLDa a los buques un paquete ASW de sensores y helicóptero, en lugar de depender solo de armas montadas en el casco.
Defensa aéreaSAM de lanzamiento vertical 3K95 Kinzhal y dos sistemas de armas de punto 3M87 KortikProporciona defensa de corto alcance con misiles y cañones contra aeronaves, misiles y amenazas cercanas.
Ataque de superficieLos misiles antibuque Kh-35 Uran están documentados para Yaroslav Mudry; la clase también lleva un cañón AK-100 de 100 mmSepara el equipamiento antibuque del segundo buque de las funciones de cañón y escolta a nivel de clase.
Autonomía y aviaciónAproximadamente 30 días de autonomía y un hangar/plataforma de popa para un helicóptero Ka-27PLApoya despliegues lejanos de escolta, lucha contra la piratería y patrulla más allá de la presencia costera báltica.

Primary support: Project 11540 Yastreb class; Guard Ships - Project 11540; Russian Navy’s guard ship wraps up Baltic tests after upgrade.

Media

Fragata de clase Neustrashimy Images

Fragata de clase Neustrashimy, Fragata de guerra antisubmarina, Sistemas navales - view 1
Source: Frigate Neustrashimy (FF 712) 188.jpg
Fragata de clase Neustrashimy, Fragata de guerra antisubmarina, Sistemas navales - view 2
Source: Yaroslav Mudry in SPb.jpg
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Sources

Neustrashimy Class (Type 11540)Publisher: Naval Technology | Note: Supports the class role, Zelenodolsk designer, Yantar build context, delayed Yaroslav Mudry delivery, and general background for the Neustrashimy-class frigate family. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Guard Ships - Project 11540Publisher: RussianShips.info | Note: Supports the class designation, origin, dimensions, speed, range, and ship list context for the Project 11540 family. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Project 11540 Yastreb classPublisher: WeaponsSystems.net | Note: Supports the class's Russian origin, production period, producer, complement, propulsion, sensors, armament, helicopter fit, and service status. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Russian Navy’s guard ship wraps up Baltic tests after upgradePublisher: TASS | Note: Supports the Neustrashimy post-upgrade test context, including navigation, radar, target-acquisition, artillery, anti-aircraft missile, and handover-preparation details. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Russian frigate Neustrashimy starts acceptance trials after years-long repairsPublisher: Naval Today | Note: Supports the class's post-refit acceptance-trial context and Baltic Sea service continuity after years-long repairs. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Project 1154 Neustrashimy classPublisher: GlobalSecurity.org | Note: Supports the Project 11540/1154 design-history path, Zelenodolsk design bureau context, convoy and task-group defense role, planned Uran fit from the second ship, and Project 11541 Korsar derivative context. | Accessed: 2026-07-01British and Russian ships fight off Somali piratesPublisher: The Guardian | Note: Supports 2008 Somali Piracy / Operation Atalanta direct conflict-use context: contemporary reporting said Neustrashimy and HMS Cumberland helped repel Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden during an attack on the Danish cargo vessel Powerful. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Russian, British frigates repel Somalia piratesPublisher: China Daily | Note: Supports 2008 Somali Piracy / Operation Atalanta direct conflict-use context: agency reporting identified Neustrashimy as the Russian Baltic Fleet frigate involved in repelling the Gulf of Aden pirate attack and said it was escorting merchant ships in the area. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Russia Wants To Fight Pirates In Somali WatersPublisher: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty | Note: Supports 2008 Somali Piracy / Operation Atalanta direct conflict-use context: Reuters/RFE-RL reported that Russia sent Neustrashimy to the Gulf of Aden to combat piracy and seek authority for anti-piracy action in Somali waters. | Accessed: 2026-07-01NEUSTRASHIMY class frigate.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports the primary image provenance and public-domain licensing for the Neustrashimy lead ship photo. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Frigate Neustrashimy (FF 712) 188.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports the gallery image provenance and Creative Commons licensing context for the Ministry of Defence ship photo. | Accessed: 2026-07-01Yaroslav Mudry in SPb.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports the gallery image provenance and Creative Commons licensing context for the class's second completed ship. | Accessed: 2026-07-01