Munitions

90 mm smoke projectile

Also known as
  • OFUM PH 90 F1
  • OFUM F2
  • OFUM 90 F1
  • OFUM 90 FI
  • OFUM PH90-F1
  • OFUM-90-F2
  • FUM 90 F1
  • FUM PH 90 F3
  • 90 mm white phosphorus smoke round
  • 90 mm OFUM smoke projectile
  • 90 mm FUM smoke projectile

The 90 mm smoke projectile is a French white phosphorus round for GIAT 90 mm F1 / CN-90-F1 vehicle guns used on AML-90-family turrets. Forecast International lists OFUM and FUM smoke designations under Nexter and Luchaire lines, while Jane's records the smoke round's mass, filling, muzzle velocity, and useful range.

90 mm smoke projectile, 90 mm white phosphorus smoke projectile, Munitions
Image source: 90mm T30E16 HVAP and 155mm T43 projectile image
Profile / Specs

Profile

Origin
France
Type
90 mm white phosphorus smoke projectile
Service note
Cold War-era French 90 mm tank-gun ammunition family

Specifications

Caliber
90 mm
Role
White phosphorus smoke projectile for screening
Firing platform
GIAT 90 mm F1 / CN-90-F1 tank gun
Documented designations
OFUM PH 90 F1, OFUM F2, FUM 90 F1, FUM PH 90 F3, and OFUM 90 F1/FI
Jane's smoke-round data
10.54 kg complete cartridge; 5.4 kg projectile; 0.8 kg filling; 886 mm length; 750 m/s muzzle velocity; 925 m useful range
Smoke screen
Jane's Light Tanks table says the OFUM PH smoke round lays a 50 m wide smoke screen lasting 20-30 seconds
Iraq ordnance guide aliases
OFUM PH90-F1, 90MM, WP and OFUM-90-F2, 90MM, SMOKE, WP are listed with the French FUI-F2 projectile fuze
Variants

Public references use several closely related French 90 mm smoke designations. Forecast separates Nexter Munitions OFUM names from the Luchaire FUM line, while Jane's OCR renders one smoke-table designation as OFUM 90 FI.

VariantConfigurationDesignation notes
OFUM PH 90 F1Nexter Munitions white phosphorus smoke

Forecast International lists the designation as a 90 mm white phosphorus smoke round under Nexter Munitions.

Sources: Forecast International Tank Gun Ammunition

OFUM F2Nexter Munitions white phosphorus smoke

Forecast International lists OFUM F2 as another Nexter Munitions 90 mm white phosphorus smoke designation.

Sources: Forecast International Tank Gun Ammunition

FUM 90 F1Luchaire-line white phosphorus smoke

Forecast International keeps Luchaire-designation ammunition separate while noting that Luchaire operated under the GIAT/Nexter lineage after 1991.

Sources: Forecast International Tank Gun Ammunition

FUM PH 90 F3Luchaire-line white phosphorus smoke

Forecast International lists FUM PH 90 F3 as a 90 mm white phosphorus smoke designation in the Luchaire product line.

Sources: Forecast International Tank Gun Ammunition

OFUM 90 F1Jane's smoke-table designation

The Internet Archive OCR renders this row as OFUM 90 FI; the smoke-column values align with the French 90 mm smoke round table.

Sources: Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94

Firing Weapons

This smoke projectile is documented as one of the projectile types fired by the French 90 mm vehicle gun fitted to the AML-90.

Firing weaponWeapon typeFiring evidence
AML-90 armored car, 4x4 reconnaissance armored car with 90 mm gun, Armored VehiclesAML-90 armored car4x4 armored car

Army Guide says the AML-90's GIAT 90 mm F1 gun fires smoke projectiles, and Military Periscope says the CN-90-F1 tank gun mounted on the AML-90 also fires smoke projectiles.

Sources: Army Guide AML 90 modernization, Military Periscope 90-mm CN-90-F1 overview

BTR-60 with AML-90 turret, Improvised 8x8 armored fighting vehicle / fire-support conversion, Armored VehiclesBTR-60 with AML-90 turret8x8 field conversion

The BTR-60 conversion uses an AML-90 turret, and Army Guide documents smoke projectiles among the AML-90 90 mm F1 gun's ammunition types; this is a compatibility relationship, not proof that smoke rounds were used in Yemen.

Sources: Army Guide AML 90 modernization

M113 with AML-90 Turret, Improvised tracked fire-support vehicle, Armored VehiclesM113 with AML-90 Turrettracked field conversion

The M113 conversion is documented with an AML-90-family turret, and Army Guide documents smoke projectiles for the AML-90 90 mm F1 gun family; this does not by itself establish smoke-projectile conflict use.

Sources: Army Guide AML 90 modernization

Documented Smoke Designations

Reference works list multiple 90 mm white phosphorus smoke designations in the French ammunition family. The record keeps them together because public sources expose designation differences rather than a clean service-history split.

SourceDesignationPublished note
Forecast InternationalOFUM PH 90 F1White phosphorus smoke round in the Nexter Munitions line.
Forecast InternationalOFUM F2White phosphorus smoke round in the Nexter Munitions line.
Forecast InternationalFUM 90 F1White phosphorus smoke round in the Luchaire line.
Forecast InternationalFUM PH 90 F3White phosphorus smoke round in the Luchaire line.
Jane'sOFUM 90 F1 / FISmoke-round table entry with 10.54 kg complete cartridge mass, 5.4 kg projectile mass, 0.8 kg filling, 750 m/s muzzle velocity, and 925 m useful range.
JMU Iraq Ordnance Identification GuideOFUM PH90-F1; OFUM-90-F2Listed as 90 mm white phosphorus smoke ordnance compatible with the French FUI-F2 projectile fuze.
Conflict-use boundary

The Iraq ordnance guide supports identification of the smoke round and fuze compatibility, but it does not identify a firing event, transfer, operator, or named conflict use for this exact projectile.

Timeline

90 mm smoke projectile Key Events

  1. Jane's records the smoke-column data

    Jane's published French 90 mm smoke-round data including cartridge and projectile mass, filling, length, muzzle velocity, and useful range.

    Sources: Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94

  2. Iraq ordnance guide lists OFUM smoke aliases

    The Iraq Ordnance Identification Guide lists OFUM PH90-F1 and OFUM-90-F2 as 90 mm white phosphorus smoke ordnance used with the French FUI-F2 projectile fuze; the guide does not identify a named conflict-use event.

    Sources: JMU Iraq Ordnance Identification Guide fuze section, JMU Iraq Ordnance Identification Guide overview

  3. Forecast International lists Nexter and Luchaire designations

    Forecast International's tank-gun ammunition survey lists OFUM PH 90 F1 and OFUM F2 under Nexter Munitions, and FUM 90 F1 plus FUM PH 90 F3 under the Luchaire line.

    Sources: Forecast International Tank Gun Ammunition

Media

90 mm smoke projectile Images

90 mm smoke projectile, 90 mm white phosphorus smoke projectile, Munitions - view 1
Source: AML-90 gunner position and shell rack image
Related Weapon Systems
90 mm HE projectile, 90 mm high-explosive fin-stabilized projectile, MunitionsMunitions90 mm HE projectile90 mm high-explosive fin-stabilized projectileThe 90 mm HE projectile is the French OE 90 F1 high-explosive, fin-stabilized cartridge for the CN90F1 / 90 mm F1 vehicle-gun lineage. Forecast International lists OE 90 F1 under Nexter Munitions and the related Luchaire line, while ordnance references identify the full French cartridge label and explosive weight. The record remains relationship-only because the consulted sources support ammunition identity and firing-gun compatibility, not exact-round use in a named conflict.
120 mm smoke ammunition, 120 mm smoke ammunition for rifled gun-mortars, MunitionsMunitions120 mm smoke ammunition120 mm smoke ammunition for rifled gun-mortars120 mm smoke ammunition is a mortar and gun-mortar ammunition class used to build short-duration obscurant screens rather than to deliver direct explosive effects. Forecast International lists smoke among the 120 mm ammunition types fired by the 2A60 Nona rifled ordnance on the 2S23 Nona-SVK, while Army Recognition describes the tracked 2S9 Nona as firing smoke rounds in its indirect-fire role. Modern 120 mm smoke products from STV GROUP, Nammo, and Hirtenberger show the class spanning visible and infrared screening, red-phosphorus payloads, white-phosphorus smoke, and other smoke fills depending on the round.
M150 155 mm hexachloroethane smoke projectile, 155 mm HC smoke projectile, ArtilleryArtilleryM150 155 mm hexachloroethane smoke projectile155 mm HC smoke projectileThe M150 is an Israeli 155 mm hexachloroethane smoke projectile from Elbit Systems, built for screening, obscuration, and spotting without white phosphorus. Elbit's product sheet lists five HC smoke canisters, about three minutes of effect, and a NATO NSN, while ARES traces the design to the M483A1 carrier projectile and compares it with M825-series white-phosphorus smoke rounds. Open-source investigations identify M150 rounds in Gaza during the May 2021 escalation and the 2023 Israel-Hamas War.

Sources

Army Guide AML 90 modernizationPublisher: Army Guide | Note: Supports the GIAT 90 mm F1 gun's ammunition types, including smoke projectiles, and the AML-90 vehicle context. | Accessed: 2026-07-04Military Periscope 90-mm CN-90-F1 overviewPublisher: Military Periscope | Note: Supports the GIAT 90-mm vehicle gun series, the AML-90 mounting, and the fact that the gun fires smoke projectiles. | Accessed: 2026-07-0490mm T30E16 HVAP and 155mm T43 projectile imagePublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the representative 90 mm projectile photo used on the page. | Accessed: 2026-07-04Forecast International Tank Gun AmmunitionPublisher: Forecast International | Note: Supports the Nexter Munitions OFUM PH 90 F1 and OFUM F2 designations, the Luchaire FUM 90 F1 and FUM PH 90 F3 designations, and the Luchaire/GIAT/Nexter lineage note. | Accessed: 2026-07-04Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94Publisher: Jane's Information Group | Note: Supports the OFUM 90 F1/FI smoke-round data, including complete cartridge mass, projectile mass, filling mass, projectile length, muzzle velocity, and useful range. | Accessed: 2026-07-04Jane's Light Tanks and Armoured Cars 1993-94Publisher: Jane's Information Group | Note: Supports AML/VBC-family 90 mm smoke-table context and the statement that the OFUM PH smoke round lays a 50 m wide smoke screen lasting 20-30 seconds. | Accessed: 2026-07-04JMU Iraq Ordnance Identification Guide fuze sectionPublisher: Center for International Stabilization and Recovery, James Madison University | Note: Supports OFUM PH90-F1 and OFUM-90-F2 as 90 mm white phosphorus smoke ordnance listed with the French FUI-F2 projectile fuze. | Accessed: 2026-07-04JMU Iraq Ordnance Identification Guide overviewPublisher: Center for International Stabilization and Recovery, James Madison University | Note: Supports the guide's UXO identification purpose and the sourcing limit that it does not document a specific conflict-use event for this projectile. | Accessed: 2026-07-04AML-90 gunner position and shell rack imagePublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for the AML-90 gunner-position gallery image showing the shell rack next to the main gun. | Accessed: 2026-07-04