Manufacturer catalog

Soviet state arsenals, including Plant No. 8 and Plant No. 235

Soviet state arsenals, including Plant No. 8 and Plant No. 235, describe the Soviet state production network tied to the KS-19 100 mm anti-aircraft gun family and the related KSM-65 coastal-defense gun. Public references identify Plant No. 8, the Kalinin machine-building plant lineage in Sverdlovsk/Yekaterinburg, and Plant No. 235, associated with Votkinsk, as key numbered plants in this Cold War artillery production base.

2 weapons

The Soviet Union assigned numbered designations to many defense plants, so surviving public references often identify production by plant number rather than by a commercial manufacturer name. For the KS-19 family, Ukrainian National Defence University records total production of 10,151 guns of several modifications from 1948 to 1955 and breaks out KS-19/KS-19M production at the evacuated Leningrad Arsenal capacity at Plant No. 8 and at Plant No. 235.

Plant No. 8 was also the design and industrial setting for L. V. Lyulyev's heavy anti-aircraft artillery work. MZiK's official successor history records the Plant No. 8 designation in 1928, wartime evacuation to Sverdlovsk, more than 20,000 wartime guns, and a 1957 shift away from barrel artillery toward guided anti-aircraft missiles. GlobalSecurity identifies OKB-8 as created in 1947 from the chief designer department of the M. I. Kalinin Plant No. 8.

Plant No. 235 appears in KS-19 production references as the second major Soviet plant in the family. Contemporary open sources are stronger for system production than for a single corporate narrative, so the manufacturer context is best read as Soviet state arsenal production across numbered plants rather than as one private firm.

anti-aircraft artillerycoastal-defense artillerySoviet numbered-plant productionheavy gun design and serial manufacture

Notable Systems

100 mm KS-19 anti-aircraft gun, Towed 100 mm anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense

100 mm KS-19 anti-aircraft gun

Towed 100 mm anti-aircraft gun

NDU Ukraine records 10,151 KS-19 guns of various modifications produced from 1948 to 1955, including output at Plant No. 8 and Plant No. 235, with later KS-19M2 and KSM-65 production continuing at the same plants until 1957.

Sources: NDU Ukraine KS-19 Data, KPI KS-19 Exhibit
100 mm KSM-65 coastal defense gun, Towed 100 mm coastal-defense gun, Artillery

100 mm KSM-65 coastal defense gun

Towed 100 mm coastal-defense gun

WeaponSystems.net identifies the KSM-65 as a KS-19-based Soviet coastal-defense system developed by OKB-8 and produced by No. 8 Zavod imeni Kalinin, with 116 guns produced.

Sources: WeaponSystems.net KSM-65

Manufacturer History

  1. Plant No. 8 designation recorded

    The official MZiK history records the enterprise receiving the Plant No. 8 named after M. I. Kalinin designation.

    Sources: Official MZiK History

  2. OKB-8 formed from Plant No. 8 design department

    GlobalSecurity identifies OKB-8 as created in December 1947 from the chief designer department of the M. I. Kalinin Plant No. 8, while KPI describes Lyulyev's 1947 100 mm gun testing work at the Sverdlovsk Machine-Building Plant No. 8.

    Sources: GlobalSecurity OKB Novator, KPI KS-19 Exhibit

  3. KS-19 enters Soviet service

    NDU Ukraine records the KS-19 as developed in 1947 and accepted into service on December 18, 1948.

    Sources: NDU Ukraine KS-19 Data

  4. KS-19 family serial production

    NDU Ukraine records 10,151 KS-19 guns of various modifications produced in this period, including KS-19 and KS-19M output at Plant No. 8 and Plant No. 235.

    Sources: NDU Ukraine KS-19 Data

  5. KSM-65 coastal-defense production

    WeaponSystems.net describes the KSM-65 as a KS-19-based coastal-defense gun developed in 1951 and produced from 1951 to 1956 by No. 8 Zavod imeni Kalinin.

    Sources: WeaponSystems.net KSM-65

  6. Plant No. 8 shifts beyond barrel artillery

    MZiK's official history says Plant No. 8 stopped barrel-artillery production in 1957 and moved to guided anti-aircraft missile production.

    Sources: Official MZiK History

Predecessors
Soviet state artillery and defense-industry plants
Successors
M. I. Kalinin Machine-Building Plant / MZiKOKB NovatorVotkinsk Machine Building Plant
Website links
Official MZiK HistoryNDU Ukraine KS-19 DataWeaponSystems.net KSM-65GlobalSecurity OKB Novator

This is a defunct Soviet state-production grouping, not a single surviving firm. Public sources are strongest for the KS-19 and KSM-65 systems, the Plant No. 8 and Plant No. 235 production attributions, and the Plant No. 8 / OKB-8 lineage; a single official website for the combined Soviet-era grouping does not exist.

Manufacturer Sources

  • NDU Ukraine KS-19 DataPublisher: National Defence University of Ukraine | Note: Supports KS-19 design date, service acceptance, production totals, Plant No. 8 and Plant No. 235 production quantities, and later KS-19M2/KSM-65 production at the same plants. | Accessed: 2026-07-11
  • Official MZiK HistoryPublisher: M. I. Kalinin Machine-Building Plant | Note: Supports the Plant No. 8 name, official Kalinin plant lineage, wartime Sverdlovsk relocation, wartime artillery production, and the 1957 transition from barrel artillery to guided anti-aircraft missiles. | Accessed: 2026-07-11
  • GlobalSecurity OKB NovatorPublisher: GlobalSecurity.org | Note: Supports OKB-8's creation from the chief designer department of the M. I. Kalinin Plant No. 8 and the later Novator lineage. | Accessed: 2026-07-11
  • KPI KS-19 ExhibitPublisher: Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute | Note: Supports Plant No. 8 and L. V. Lyulyev development context for the KS-19, the 1947 test period, 1948 service entry, and the 10,151-gun production total. | Accessed: 2026-07-11
  • WeaponSystems.net KSM-65Publisher: WeaponSystems.net | Note: Supports KSM-65 origin, OKB-8 and L. V. Lyulyev development attribution, Plant No. 8 producer attribution, production period, coastal-defense role, and 116-gun production total. | Accessed: 2026-07-11
  • Commons KSM-65 ImagePublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance and reuse for the KSM-65 image under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0. | Accessed: 2026-07-11

Produced weapons

Category

Air Defense

Systems that contest aircraft, missiles, helicopters, and drones.

1/1
100 mm KS-19 anti-aircraft gun, Towed 100 mm anti-aircraft gun, Air Defense2014 Russia-Ukraine War, 2014 Yemen Civil War +3 more100 mm KS-19 anti-aircraft gunTowed 100 mm anti-aircraft gunBuilt in: Soviet UnionThe KS-19 is a Soviet 100 mm towed anti-aircraft gun designed for high-altitude, radar-directed air defense with fixed ammunition, a powered carriage, and PUAZO/SON-9 fire-control support. U.S. studies tied the gun to North Vietnam's heavy AAA network and Iraqi inventories retained it into the 1990 Gulf War, while later conflict records show legacy KS-19s displayed in Houthi air-defense equipment and repurposed as long-range ground-fire weapons in Nagorno-Karabakh and Ukraine.

Category

Artillery

Tube artillery, rocket artillery, and long-range ground fires.

1/1
100 mm KSM-65 coastal defense gun, Towed 100 mm coastal-defense gun, Artillery100 mm KSM-65 coastal defense gunTowed 100 mm coastal-defense gunBuilt in: Soviet UnionThe KSM-65 was a Soviet 100 mm coastal-defense gun that adapted the KS-19 anti-aircraft gun family to a KMU-65 coastal platform, off-mount battery fire control, and high-rate fire against surface targets. Developed at Plant No. 8 under L. V. Lyulyev after the Soviet Navy moved away from the earlier S-65 project, it remained a small 116-gun Cold War system with documented Soviet inventory into the 1980s but no direct conflict-use sourcing strong enough for a normal conflict entry.